算法实验-二叉树的创建和前序-中序-后序-层次 遍历

对于二叉树的创建我是利用先序遍历的序列进行创建

能够对于树节点的内容我定义为char型变量 '0'为空，即此处的节点不存在

头文件 Tree.h

//链式二叉树的头文件
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
class BinaryTreeNode
{
public:
	char data;
	BinaryTreeNode *leftChild,*rightChild;
	BinaryTreeNode(char _data,BinaryTreeNode *_leftChild=NULL,BinaryTreeNode *_rightChild=NULL)
	{
		data=_data;
		leftChild=_leftChild;
		rightChild=_rightChild;
	}
};//BinaryTreeNode 树的根结点
class BinaryTree
{   
public :
	BinaryTreeNode *root;
	int i;
	BinaryTree(){i=0;root=NULL;}
	bool IsEmpty();
	bool Root(char _data);
	void CreateBinaryTree(BinaryTreeNode* &t);
	void CreateBinaryTree(BinaryTreeNode* &t,char data[]);
	void MakeTree(char _data,BinaryTree *left,BinaryTree *right);
	void BreakTree(char &_data,BinaryTree &left,BinaryTree &right);
	void PreOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)),BinaryTreeNode * &t);
	void InOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)),BinaryTreeNode * &t);
	void PostOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)),BinaryTreeNode * &t);
	void LevelOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)));
	void Delete(BinaryTreeNode *&t);
	int Size(BinaryTreeNode *&t);
	int Height(BinaryTreeNode *&t);
};
 bool BinaryTree::IsEmpty()
 {
	 if(root){return false;}
	 else{return true;}
 }
 bool BinaryTree::Root(char _data)
 {
	 if(root){(*root).data=_data;return true;}
	 else{return false;}
 }
 void BinaryTree::CreateBinaryTree(BinaryTreeNode *&t)
 {
	 //data 不为0
	 char data;
	 cin>>data;
	 if(data!='0')
	 {
		 t=new BinaryTreeNode(data);
		 CreateBinaryTree( (*t).leftChild);
		 CreateBinaryTree((*t).rightChild);
	 }
	 else{t=NULL;}
 }
 void BinaryTree::CreateBinaryTree(BinaryTreeNode* &t,char data[])
 {
	  if(data[i]!='0')
	 {
		 t=new BinaryTreeNode(data[i]);
		 ++i;
		 CreateBinaryTree( (*t).leftChild,data);
		 ++i;
		 CreateBinaryTree((*t).rightChild,data);
	 }
	 else{t=NULL;}
 }
 void BinaryTree::MakeTree(char _data,BinaryTree *left,BinaryTree *right)
 {
	 root=new BinaryTreeNode(_data,(*left).root,(*right).root);
	 (*left).root=(*right).root=NULL;
 }
 void BinaryTree::PreOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)),BinaryTreeNode * &t)
 {
	 if(t)
	 {
		 Vist(t);
		 PreOrder((Vist),(*t).leftChild);
		 PreOrder((Vist),(*t).rightChild);
	 }
 }
 void BinaryTree::InOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)),BinaryTreeNode * &t)
 {
	 if(t)
	 {
		 InOrder((Vist),(*t).leftChild);
		 Vist(t);
		 InOrder((Vist),(*t).rightChild);
	 }
 }
 void BinaryTree::PostOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)),BinaryTreeNode * &t)
 {
	 if(t)
	 {
		 PostOrder((Vist),(*t).leftChild);
		 PostOrder((Vist),(*t).rightChild);
		 Vist(t);
	 }
 }
 void BinaryTree::LevelOrder(void (Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&)))
 {
	 //这边利用STL的queue用的非常不习惯
	 queue<BinaryTreeNode> q;
	 BinaryTreeNode *t;
	 t=root;
	 if(t){q.push(*t);}
	 while(!q.empty())
	 {
		 t=&q.front();
		 Vist(t);
		 if(q.front().leftChild)
		 {
			 q.push(*(q.front().leftChild));
		 }
		 if(q.front().rightChild)
		 {
			 q.push(*(q.front().rightChild));
		 }
		 q.pop();
	 }
 }
 int BinaryTree::Size(BinaryTreeNode *&t)
 {
	 if(!t){return 0;}
	 else
	 {
		 return (Size((*t).leftChild)+Size((*t).rightChild)+1);
	 }
 }
 int BinaryTree::Height(BinaryTreeNode *&t)
 {
	 if(!t){return 0;}
	 int h_left,h_right;
	 h_right=Height((*t).rightChild);
	 h_left=Height((*t).leftChild);
	 int height=h_right>h_left?(h_right+1):(h_left+1);
	 return height;
 }

 

主函数

//二叉树的创建 先序 中序 后序便利 高度 结点元素个数 和按层便利 2014-4-20
#include<iostream>
#include"Tree.h"
using namespace std;
void Vist(BinaryTreeNode *&t)
{
	if(t){cout<<" "<<(*t).data<<"";return ;}
}
int main()
{
	BinaryTree binaryTree;
	char tree[]={'A','B','C','0','0','0','D','0','0'};
	//binaryTree.Root('a');
	//binaryTree.CreateBinaryTree(binaryTree.root);
	binaryTree.CreateBinaryTree(binaryTree.root,tree);
	cout<<endl<<"PreOrder:  ";
	binaryTree.PreOrder(Vist,binaryTree.root);
	cout<<endl<<"InOrder:  ";
	binaryTree.InOrder(Vist,binaryTree.root);
	cout<<endl<<"PostOrder:  ";
	binaryTree.PostOrder(Vist,binaryTree.root);
	cout<<endl<<"Size:  "<<binaryTree.Size(binaryTree.root)<<endl;
	cout<<"Height:  "<<binaryTree.Height(binaryTree.root)<<endl;
	//binaryTree.LevelOrder(Vist);;
	return 0;
}

前序：ABEHGCF

中序：EBGHAFC

后序：EGHBFCA

层次：ABCEHFG

节点个数：7 

树的深度：4

貌似大概就是这样了，唯一要提及的就是书上可能用'*'字符表示空，而非'0' 关于这点仅仅要改一下if的推断语句即可了，其它的一切照旧不变.