NIO 源码分析(04) 从 SelectorProvider 看 JDK SPI 机制
Netty 系列目录(https://www.cnblogs.com/binarylei/p/10117436.html)
SelectorProvider 定义了创建 Selector、ServerSocketChannel、SocketChannel 等方法,采用 JDK 的 Service Provider Interface (SPI) 方式实现。
public static ServerSocketChannel open() throws IOException {
return SelectorProvider.provider().openServerSocketChannel();
}
一、SelectorProvider SPI
SelectorProvider 是一个抽象类,需要子类实现。主要方法如下:
public abstract DatagramChannel openDatagramChannel() throws IOException;
public abstract DatagramChannel openDatagramChannel(ProtocolFamily family) throws IOException;
public abstract ServerSocketChannel openServerSocketChannel() throws IOException;
public abstract SocketChannel openSocketChannel() throws IOException;
public abstract AbstractSelector openSelector() throws IOException;
public abstract Pipe openPipe() throws IOException;
总结: SelectorProvider 相当于一个工厂类,提供了对 DatagramChannel、ServerSocketChannel、SocketChannel、Selector 了创建方法。
java.nio.channels.spi 中提供了一系列的抽象类,由具体的厂商实现,当然我们一般使用的都是 JDK 自己的实现。相关的 SPI 接口如下:
AbstractInterruptibleChannel -> SocketChannelImpl/ServerSocketChannelImpl
AbstractSelectableChannel
AbstractSelectionKey -> SelectionKeyImpl
AbstractSelector -> WindowsSelectorImpl/PollSelectorImpl/EpollSelectorImpl
SelectorProvider -> DefaultSelectorProvider
二、SelectorProvider 加载过程
2.1 SelectorProvider 加载
private static SelectorProvider provider = null;
public static SelectorProvider provider() {
synchronized (lock) {
if (provider != null)
return provider;
return AccessController.doPrivileged(
new PrivilegedAction<SelectorProvider>() {
public SelectorProvider run() {
// 1. java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider 属性指定实现类
if (loadProviderFromProperty())
return provider;
// 2. SPI 指定实现类
if (loadProviderAsService())
return provider;
// 3. 默认实现,Windows 和 Linux 下不同
provider = sun.nio.ch.DefaultSelectorProvider.create();
return provider;
}
});
}
}
总结: SelectorProvider 提供了三种方式来自定义 SelectorProvider 的实现类。
java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider
属性指定实现类- 采用 SPI 方法创建 SelectorProvider
- 默认实现 DefaultSelectorProvider,Windows 和 Linux 下具体的实现不同。
public abstract class SelectorProviderImpl extends SelectorProvider {
public DatagramChannel openDatagramChannel() throws IOException {
return new DatagramChannelImpl(this);
}
public DatagramChannel openDatagramChannel(ProtocolFamily family) throws IOException {
return new DatagramChannelImpl(this, family);
}
public Pipe openPipe() throws IOException {
return new PipeImpl(this);
}
public abstract AbstractSelector openSelector() throws IOException;
public ServerSocketChannel openServerSocketChannel() throws IOException {
return new ServerSocketChannelImpl(this);
}
public SocketChannel openSocketChannel() throws IOException {
return new SocketChannelImpl(this);
}
}
总结: SelectorProviderImpl 提供了 ServerSocketChannel、SocketChanne 的创建,至于 Selector 在不同的平台下有不同的实现。
2.2 Windows 下 DefaultSelectorProvider
public class DefaultSelectorProvider {
public static SelectorProvider create() {
return new sun.nio.ch.WindowsSelectorProvider();
}
}
public class WindowsSelectorProvider extends SelectorProviderImpl {
public AbstractSelector openSelector() throws IOException {
return new WindowsSelectorImpl(this);
}
}
2.3 Unix 下 DefaultSelectorProvider
public class DefaultSelectorProvider {
public static SelectorProvider create() {
String osname = AccessController
.doPrivileged(new GetPropertyAction("os.name"));
if (osname.equals("SunOS"))
return createProvider("sun.nio.ch.DevPollSelectorProvider");
if (osname.equals("Linux"))
return createProvider("sun.nio.ch.EPollSelectorProvider");
return new sun.nio.ch.PollSelectorProvider();
}
}
总结: Unix 平台下需要根据不同的操作系统选择不同的 Selector,例如 Linux 下是 EPollSelectorProvider。
public class EPollSelectorProvider extends SelectorProviderImpl {
public AbstractSelector openSelector() throws IOException {
return new EPollSelectorImpl(this);
}
public Channel inheritedChannel() throws IOException {
return InheritedChannel.getChannel();
}
}
总结: 无论是 WindowsSelectorProvider 还是 EPollSelectorImpl,它们都继承 SelectorProviderImpl,关于 ServerSocketChannel、SocketChanne 的创建都是一样的,区别是 Selector 有兼容性问题。难道 Socket 在 Windows 和 Linux 下就没有区别吗,肯定也是有兼容性问题的。
ServerSocketChannelImpl(SelectorProvider sp) throws IOException {
super(sp);
this.fd = Net.serverSocket(true); // 创建 socket,这个 Net 工具本身是跨平台的
this.fdVal = IOUtil.fdVal(fd);
this.state = ST_INUSE;
}
Socket 的创建是在 sun.nio.ch.Net 工具类的 socket0 完成的,这个类很多方法都是 native 方法,在不同的平台有不同的实现。
每天用心记录一点点。内容也许不重要,但习惯很重要!