最近看了下linux的串口,发现还是蛮容易的
做一些总结和记录
【这篇文章也重在备份和记录,代码都是套用别人的 ,所以基本只是罗列了些代码,但保证代码可用】
其实串口操作也就那么几步
1. 打开串口
2. 设置参数
3. 发送接收
4. 按需关闭
而根据函式提供的形式,
一般设置参数分两步进行【其实就是那么配置下,分几步都行,只是配合后面的代码了】
[1]设置波特率
[2]设置数据格式
下面还是罗列一些代码
打开串口
int OpenDev(char *Dev)
{
int fd = open( Dev, O_RDWR );
if (-1 == fd)
{
perror("Can't Open Serial Port");
return -1;
}
else
return fd;
}
O_RDWR就是可读写的意思
设置波特率
int speed_arr[] = { B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300,
B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300, };
int name_arr[] = {38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, 38400,
19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, };
void set_speed(int fd, int speed){
int i;
int status;
struct termios Opt;
tcgetattr(fd, &Opt);
for ( i= 0; i < sizeof(speed_arr) / sizeof(int); i++) {
if (speed == name_arr[i]) {
tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
cfsetispeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);
cfsetospeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);
status = tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &Opt);
if (status != 0) {
perror("tcsetattr fd1");
return;
}
tcflush(fd,TCIOFLUSH);
}
}
}
设置参数是用到了一个专用的结构体struct termios其实也没啥说的,就是通过它去配置串口参数罢了
注意tcflush,他是清空buffer用的,关于buffer这东西,里面其实挺饶,这里不多说明,只是要注意它清空的buffer并不是printf那类函式中所谓的缓冲。
另外那两个数组,其实可以弄的简单些,只不过懒得改了
有点像画刷的使用,旧的一般都爱保存起来,最后还要还原。
设置数据格式
int set_Parity(int fd,int databits,int stopbits,int parity)
{
struct termios options;
if ( tcgetattr( fd,&options) != 0) {
perror("SetupSerial 0");
return -1;
}
options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
switch (databits)
{
case 7:
options.c_cflag |= CS7;
break;
case 8:
options.c_cflag |= CS8;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unsupported data size"n");
return -1;
}
switch (parity)
{
case 'n':
case 'N':
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_iflag &= ~INPCK;
break;
case 'o':
case 'O':
options.c_cflag |= (PARODD | PARENB);
options.c_iflag |= INPCK;
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
options.c_cflag |= PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;
options.c_iflag |= INPCK;
break;
case 'S':
case 's':
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unsupported parity"n");
return -1;
}
switch (stopbits)
{
case 1:
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
break;
case 2:
options.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unsupported stop bits"n");
return -1;
}
if (parity != 'n')
options.c_iflag |= INPCK;
tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH);
options.c_cc[VTIME] = 150;
options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
if (tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&options) != 0)
{
perror("SetupSerial 3");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
和前面的函式不同这里直接对struct termios进行操作,进而配置了数据位长度,校验位,停止位,超时等信息
最后整合下,列出一个测试用例
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <errno.h>
int speed_arr[] = { B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300,
B38400, B19200, B9600, B4800, B2400, B1200, B300, };
int name_arr[] = {38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, 38400,
19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, };
void set_speed(int fd, int speed){
int i;
int status;
struct termios Opt;
tcgetattr(fd, &Opt);
for ( i= 0; i < sizeof(speed_arr) / sizeof(int); i++) {
if (speed == name_arr[i]) {
tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
cfsetispeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);
cfsetospeed(&Opt, speed_arr[i]);
status = tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &Opt);
if (status != 0) {
perror("tcsetattr fdl");
return;
}
tcflush(fd,TCIOFLUSH);
}
}
}
int set_Parity(int fd,int databits,int stopbits,int parity)
{
struct termios options;
if ( tcgetattr( fd,&options) != 0) {
perror("SetupSerial 1");
return -1;
}
options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
switch (databits)
{
case 7:
options.c_cflag |= CS7;
break;
case 8:
options.c_cflag |= CS8;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unsupported data size"n"); return 0;
}
switch (parity)
{
case 'n':
case 'N':
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_iflag &= ~INPCK;
break;
case 'o':
case 'O':
options.c_cflag |= (PARODD | PARENB);
options.c_iflag |= INPCK;
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
options.c_cflag |= PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;
options.c_iflag |= INPCK;
break;
case 'S':
case 's':
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unsupported parity"n");
return -1;
}
switch (stopbits)
{
case 1:
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
break;
case 2:
options.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unsupported stop bits"n");
return -1;
}
if (parity != 'n')
options.c_iflag |= INPCK;
tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH);
options.c_cc[VTIME] = 150;
options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
if (tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&options) != 0)
{
perror("SetupSerial 3");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
int OpenDev(char *Dev)
{
int fd = open( Dev, O_RDWR );
if (-1 == fd)
{
perror("Can't Open Serial Port");
return -1;
}
else
return fd;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv){
int fd;
int nread;
char buff[6];
char *dev = "/dev/ttyS0";
fd = OpenDev(dev);
set_speed(fd,9600);
if (set_Parity(fd,8,1,'N') == FALSE) {
printf("Set Parity Error"n");
exit (0);
}
while (1) {
write(fd,"hello",5);
nread = read(fd, buff, 5);
tcflush(fd,TCIOFLUSH);
buff[nread+1] = '"0';
printf( "%s", buff);
}
//close(fd);
// exit (0);
}
这个测试将发送hello字符并接受,主要是为了测试自发自收用的
如果有串口的话,可以使用跳线帽将2,3脚端接来完成此测试
可以看到终端中不断出现hellohello……就对了!
我的是现代化的笔记本。。。。。XD怎会有串口的存在
所以整了张卡,据说比usb转接线稳定,目前还没发现稳定到哪里去,如图