LIUNX之通配符
- 单引号双引号不加引号区别反引号
- ''单引号所见即所得
- “”双引号里面的特殊符号会被解析运行
- $ LANG $（）``
- 不加引号和双引号类似支持通配符{} *
- 通配符：方便找出文件
``$（）优先执行先执行里面的命令把结果留下
[root@oldboy56-201 ~]# which mkdir #查询mkdir目录在哪里
/usr/bin/dir
[root@oldboy56-201 ~]# ls -l `which mkdir` #先执行`反义符里面`
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 79760 Apr 11 2018 /usr/bin/mkdir
[root@oldboy56-201 ~]# ls -l $(which mkdir)
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 79760 Apr 11 2018 /usr/bin/mkdir
liunx之正则表达式
基本正则表达式第一波
- ^ word：以字开头
grep '^m' oldboy.txt #查找以m开头的文字
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
my qq is 49000448
my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
- 字$：以字结尾的
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep "m$" oldboy.txt #以m结尾的文件
ldmam
- ^ $：空行
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep '^$' oldboy.txt #'^$' ：空行
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep -n '^$' oldboy.txt
6:
11:
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# cat -n oldboy.txt
1 ldmam
2 this is boy
3 this is boy
4 I am oldboy teacher!
5 I teach linux.
6
7 I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
8 my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
9 our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
10 my qq is 49000448
11
12 not 4900000448.
13 my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
14 job jb joooob
基本正则之第二波
- 。代表和代表一个字符（对比下面的代码出现缺少6和11行的空行。相当于有一个字符空格的则被的过滤了）
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# cat -n oldboy.txt
1 ldmam
2 this is boy
3 this is boy
4 I am oldboy teacher!
5 I teach linux.
6
7 I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
8 my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
9 our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
10 my qq is 49000448
11
12 not 4900000448.
13 my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
14 job jb joooob
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep -n "." oldboy.txt
1:ldmam
2:this is boy
3:this is boy
4:I am oldboy teacher!
5:I teach linux.
7:I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
8:my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
9:our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
10:my qq is 49000448
12:not 4900000448.
13:my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
14:job jb joooob
- 转义转的将将将的文件）
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep -n ".$" oldboy.txt
1:ldmam
2:this is boy
3:this is boy
4:I am oldboy teacher!
5:I teach linux.
7:I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
8:my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
9:our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
10:my qq is 49000448
12:not 4900000448.
13:my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
14:job jb joooob
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep -n ".$" oldboy.txt
5:I teach linux.
12:not 4900000448.
- *前面一个字符连续出现了0次或0次以上
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep "0*" oldboy.txt
ldmam
this is boy
this is boy
I am oldboy teacher!
I teach linux.
I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my qq is 49000448
not 4900000448.
my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
job jb joooob
- 。*匹配所有字符延伸^。*以所有字符开头，以所有字符结尾（如下图所有的字符都输出了。*匹配了所有字符）
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep ".*" oldboy.txt
ldmam
this is boy
this is boy
I am oldboy teacher!
I teach linux.
I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my qq is 49000448
not 4900000448.
my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
job jb joooob
基础正则表达式第三部
- [abc]相当于是一个符号（每次匹配1个字符）找出包含a或b或c（如下例子匹配所有小写字母）
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep "[a-z]" oldboy.txt
ldmam
this is boy
this is boy
I am oldboy teacher!
I teach linux.
I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com
our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com
my qq is 49000448
not 4900000448.
my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY!
job jb joooob
- [^ abc]匹配不包含^后任意一个字符的内容，中括号中^为取反，注意和中括号^开头区分（匹配所有大写字母）
-
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# grep "[^a-z]" oldboy.txt this is boy this is boy I am oldboy teacher! I teach linux. I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess! my blog is http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com our size is http://blog.oldboyedu.com my qq is 49000448 not 4900000448. my god ,i am not oldbey,but OLDBOY! job jb joooob
扩展正则表达式
-
0 {nm}前一个字符至少连续出现n次，连续出现m次
-
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# egrep "0{1,4}" oldboy.txt my qq is 49000448 not 4900000448. -
0 {n}前面一个字符连续出现n次
[root@oldboy56-201 oldboy]# egrep [0-9]{17}[0-9X] id.txt 金 211324198705244720 万 500224197105168312 吕 211282199209113038 孔 150000198309176071 邹 371001197412221284 贺 130185200011215926 杜 362522198711278101 向 14052219961008852X