【Java】操作数据库

工具： eclipse
　　　 MySQL
　　　 Navicat for MySQL
　　　 MySQL 连接驱动：mysql-connector-java-5.0.4-bin.jar

SQL 代码

CREATE TABLE user
(
    id          VARCHAR(255),
    name          VARCHAR(255),
    birth        VARCHAR(255),
    gender      VARCHAR(255),
    favorite      VARCHAR(255)
);

Java 代码

package model.vo;

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String birth;
    private String gender;
    private String favorite;
    
    public Student(String id, String name, String birth, String gender,
            String favorite) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.birth = birth;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.favorite = favorite;
    }
    public Student() {
        super();
    }
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }
    public void setBirth(String birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
    public String getFavorite() {
        return favorite;
    }
    public void setFavorite(String favorite) {
        this.favorite = favorite;
    }
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
}

Java 连接

所需的jar包下载

百度网盘 提取码: 68pv

使用方法：
　　1. 在工程目录中创建lib文件夹，将下载好的JDBC（jar包）放到该文件夹下。
　　2. 右键工程名，选择 Buiding Path | Configure Buiding Path ，在java build path中的Libraries分页中选择Add JARs...，选择刚才添加的JDBC（jar包）。

数据库连接

package tools;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DbTools {

    public Connection con;

    public Connection getCon() throws Exception {

        // 1.加载驱动(按照驱动类的名字《完整名字：包名.类名》把该类加载到内存中)
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        // 2.建立连接
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/work?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
        String dbUser = "root";
        String dbPassword = "mysqladmin";
        con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, dbUser, dbPassword);
        System.out.println("success");
        return con;
    }
    
    public void close() throws Exception{
        if(con!=null)
            con.close();
    }

    
}

增

    public void add(String id, String name, String gender, String birth, String favorite) throws Exception
    {
        DbTools db = new DbTools();
        Connection con = db.getCon();
        // 创建语句
        String sql = "insert into tstudent (id,name,gender,birth,favorite) values (?,?,?,?,?) ";
        PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
        pst.setString(1, id);
        pst.setString(2, name);
        pst.setString(3, gender);
        pst.setString(4, birth);
        pst.setString(5, favorite);
        pst.executeUpdate();
    }

删

    public void delete(String id) throws Exception{
        DbTools db=new DbTools();
        Connection con=db.getCon();
        // 3.创建语句
        String sql = " delete from tstudent where id=? ";
        PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
        pst.setString(1, id);
        pst.executeUpdate();
        pst.close();
        db.close();
    }

改

    public void updateStudent(String id, String name, String gender, String birth, String favorite) throws Exception
    {
        DbTools db = new DbTools();
        Connection con = db.getCon();
        // 创建语句
        String sql = "update tstudent set ";
        if(name!=null && name.length()>0)
            sql=sql+" and name = ?";
        if(gender!=null && gender.length()>0)
            sql=sql+" and gender=?";
        if(birth!=null && birth.length()>0)
            sql+= " and birth=?";
        if(birth!=null && favorite.length()>0)
            sql+= " and favorite=?";
        sql+=" where id='?' ";
        
        System.out.println(sql);
        
        PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
        // 4.执行语句(语句中如果有参数，则需要先对参数赋值)
        ArrayList<String> params=new ArrayList<String>();
        if(id!=null && id.length()>0)
            params.add(id);
        if(name!=null && name.length()>0)
            params.add(name);
        if(gender!=null && gender.length()>0)
            params.add(gender);
        for(int i=0;i<params.size();i++){
            pst.setString(i+1, params.get(i));
        }
        
        pst.executeUpdate();
        pst.close();
        db.close();
    }

查

    // 按条件查询满足条件的学生数据
    /*
     * 参数：查询条件 返回：查询结果（若干个，使用集合类型<>）
     */
    public ArrayList<Student> query(String id, String name, String gender) throws Exception {
        ArrayList<Student> result = new ArrayList<Student>();
    
        DbTools db=new DbTools();
        Connection con=db.getCon();
        // 3.创建语句
        String sql = " select * from tstudent where 1=1 ";
        if(id!=null && id.length()>0)
            sql=sql+" and id=? ";
        if(name!=null && name.length()>0)
            sql=sql+" and name = ?";
        if(gender!=null && gender.length()>0)
            sql=sql+" and gender=?";
        System.out.println(sql);
        
        PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
        // 4.执行语句(语句中如果有参数，则需要先对参数赋值)
        ArrayList<String> params=new ArrayList<String>();
        if(id!=null && id.length()>0)
            params.add(id);
        if(name!=null && name.length()>0)
            params.add(name);
        if(gender!=null && gender.length()>0)
            params.add(gender);
        for(int i=0;i<params.size();i++){
            pst.setString(i+1, params.get(i));
        }
        
        
        ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();  //执行查询
        while(rs.next()){
            Student student=new Student();
            student.setId(rs.getString("id"));
            student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            student.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
            student.setBirth(rs.getString("birth"));
            student.setFavorite(rs.getString("favorite"));
            result.add(student);
        }
        
        rs.close();
        pst.close();
        db.close();
        return result;

    }

提示

可保存这此Java项目，下次连接可直接导入，只需修改部分信息。