documentclass[UTF8,a1paper,landscape]{ctexart}%UTF8,ctexart中文支持,landscape横向版面 usepackage[svgnames]{xcolor} usepackage{tikz}%画图 usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,positioning} ikzstyle arrowstyle=[scale=1] usepackage{geometry}%页边距设置 geometry{top=0.5cm,bottom=0.5cm,left=0.5cm,right=0.5cm} usepackage{fancyhdr}%页头页尾页码设置 pagestyle{fancy} egin{document} itle{ extbf{《概率论与数理统计》学习图解}}%标题 author{DencChaohai}%作者 maketitle ewpage%重新开始一页 part{概率论} section{逻辑关系图解} egin{center}%图形居中 egin{tikzpicture} [level 1/.style={sibling distance=1cm},level 2/.style={sibling distance=3cm},level 3/.style={sibling distance=5cm},level 4/.style={sibling distance=7cm}]%设定树枝的长度 ikzstyle{every node}=[scale=1]%文字缩放0.6倍 %定义 ode(编号)at(位置)[属性]{内容} %排序,先左后右,先上后下 ode(xx)at(0,0)[draw,align=center]{现象}; ode(qdxxx)at(10,10)[draw,align=center]{确定性现象}; ode(sjxxx)at(10,-10)[draw,align=center]{随机性现象}; ode(gc)at(10+5,-10+1){观察}; ode(sy)at(20,-10)[draw,align=center]{试验} [grow=up] child{node{特征} child{node{3.随机性}} child{node{2.可观察}} child{node{1.可重复}} }; ode(jg)at(20+5,-10+1){(试验中可观察的特定特征的)结果}; ode(ybd)at(30,-10)[draw,align=center]{样本点\$omega$}; ode(dy)at(30+1,-10-5){单一}; ode(jbsj)at(30,-20)[draw,align=center]{基本事件}; ode(hs)at(32,-20-5){函数$X=X(omega)$}; ode(sjbl)at(30,-30)[draw,align=center]{随机变量\$X$} [grow=left] child{node at(-5,0){概率分布$p_i=P{X=x_i}$,概率密度$f(x)=F'(x)$} child{node at(-7,0){分布函数$F(x)=P{Xleq x}$}}}; ode(blz)at(32,-29){变量值$x_i,x$}; ode(blz)at(38,-29){密度$p_i,f(x)$}; ode(sjxl)at(30,-40)[draw,align=center]{随机向量\$vec{X}={X_1,X_2,dots}$} [grow=left] child{node at(-5,0){联合密度$p_{ij},f(x,y)$(边缘密度$p_i^X,p_j^Y,f_X(x),f_Y(y)$)} child{nodeat(-9,0){联合分布$F(x,y)$(边缘分布$F_X(x),F_Y(y)$)}}}; ode(qt)at(30+5,-10+1){全体}; ode(fh)at(30+5,-20+1){复合}; ode(xc)at(30+5,-30+1){相乘$x_ip_i,xf(x)$} [grow=up] child{node{一阶原点矩|期望$EX=sum xp_i,int xf(x)dx$} child{node{二阶中心矩|方差$DX=E(X-EX)^2$}}}; ode(qh)at(35.5,-28){求和}; ode(blhs)at(36.8,-26.8){变量函数$Y=g(Y)$}; ode(ybkj)at(40,-10)[draw,align=center]{样本空间\$Omega$} [grow=right] child{node at(1,0){$Omega=leftlbrace omega|P(omega) ight brace $} child{node{样本点无限$Omega=(a,b)$}} child{node{样本点有限$Omega={omega_1,omega_2,dots,omega_n}$}}}; ode(zj)at(40+1,-10-5){子集} [grow=right] child{node at(1,0){全集(必然事件)$Omega$}} child{node at(2,0){子集(随机事件)$A,B,dots $}} child{node at(1,0){空集(不可能事件)$emptyset$}}; ode(sj)at(40,-20)[draw,align=center]{事件\$A,B,dots$}; ode(cd)at(40+1,-20-5){测度} [grow=right] child{node at(1,0){$P(Omega)=1$}} child{node at(1,0){$0leq P(A)leq 1$}} child{node at(1,0){可列可加}}; ode(gl)at(40,-30)[draw,align=center]{概率\$P(A)$} [grow=down] child{node at(-2,-2){基本概型} child{node{古典概型(有限等可能)}} child{node at(2,-1){几何概型(无限等可能)}}} child{node at(7,-2){条件概率$P(B|A)=frac{P(AB)}{P(A)}$|乘法公式$P(AB)=P(A)P(B|A)$|独立性$P(AB)=P(A)P(B)$} [grow=down] child{node at(3,-3){贝叶斯$P(A_i|B)=frac{P(A_iB)}{P(B)}=frac{P(A_i)P(B|A_i)}{sum P(A_j)P(B|A_j)}$}} child{node at(4,-1){全概率$P(B)=sum P(A_i)P(B|A_i)$}}}; ode(lj)at(45,-29){累计,离散分段阶梯,连续积分面积}; ode(dj)at(40+5,-20+1){等价}; ode(jh)at(50,-20)[draw,align=center]{集合} [grow=right] child{node{运算律} child{node at(0+3,0){对偶律$overline{Acup B}=overline{A}cap overline{B},overline{Acap B}=overline{A}cup overline{B}$} child{node{分配律$Acap(Bcup C)=(Acap B)cup (Acap C),Acup (Bcap C)=(Acup B)cap (Acup C)$} child{node{交换律$A+B=B+A$}} child{node at(3,-5){结合律$A+(B+C)=(A+B)+C$}} } child{node at(3,-4){自反律$overline{overline{A}}=A$}}}}; ode(fbhs)at(50,-30)[draw,align=center]{分布函数\$F(x)=P{Xleq x}$}; %连线 draw[箭头](始点)--(终点) draw[->](xx)--(qdxxx); draw[->](xx)--(sjxxx); draw[->](sjxxx)--(sy); draw[->](ybd)--(jbsj); draw[->](sy)--(ybd); draw[->](ybd)--(ybkj); draw[->](jbsj)--(sjbl); draw[->](ybkj)--(sj); draw[->](sj)--(gl); draw[->](jbsj)--(sj); draw[->](sjbl)--(xc); draw[->](gl)--(xc); draw[->](sj)--(jh); draw[->](gl)--(fbhs); draw[->](sjbl)--(sjxl); draw[->](sjbl)--(gl); end{tikzpicture} end{center} ewpage part{数理统计} section{逻辑关系图解} egin{center} egin{tikzpicture} ode(gt)at(0,0)[fill=green,circle]{个体}; ode(zt)at(10,10)[fill=green,circle]{总体$X$}; ode(yb)at(10,-10)[fill=green,circle]{样本$(X_1,X_2,dots)$}; ode(ztfbhs)at(20,10)[fill=green,circle]{总体分布函数$F(x)$}; ode(ybfbhs)at(20,-10)[fill=green,circle]{样本分布函数$F(x_1,x_2,dots)$}; ode at(12,0){} [grow=right] child{node at(2,0){样本推断总体类型(类型由经验一般可以得出)}} child{node at(2,0){样本推断总体参数(主要的是推断参数)} [grow=up] child{node at(1,2){统计量(不含总体未知参数的函数)} child{node{方差}} child{node{均值}}} child{node at(8,0){枢轴量(总体类型已知,但只含一个总体未知参数的函数)}}}; draw[->](gt)--(zt); draw[->](gt)--(yb); draw[->](yb)to node(tjtd)[right]{统计推断}(zt); draw[->](zt)--(ztfbhs); draw[->](yb)--(ybfbhs); end{tikzpicture} end{center} end{document}