HBase MapReduce 使用

项目中需要用MapReduce来读取或者写Hbase，这样可以节省大量开发时间。

Hbase本身的jar包里就有这样的API ， 以下是我从官网上找的一些资料，和大家分享一下。

原文地址：http://hbase.apache.org/book/mapreduce.example.html

总体说明一下：TableMapper 主要是读hbase数据，TableReducer 主要是写hbase数据。可以结合一起用，也可以分开用。

（一） 读Hbase实例

public static class MyMapper extends TableMapper<Text, Text> {

  public void map(ImmutableBytesWritable row, Result value, Context context) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
    // process data for the row from the Result instance.
   }
}

Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
Job job = new Job(config, "ExampleRead");
job.setJarByClass(MyReadJob.class);     // class that contains mapper

Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setCaching(500);        // 1 is the default in Scan, which will be bad for MapReduce jobs
scan.setCacheBlocks(false);  // don't set to true for MR jobs
// set other scan attrs
...

TableMapReduceUtil.initTableMapperJob(
  tableName,        // input HBase table name
  scan,             // Scan instance to control CF and attribute selection
  MyMapper.class,   // mapper
  null,             // mapper output key
  null,             // mapper output value
  job);
job.setOutputFormatClass(NullOutputFormat.class);   // because we aren't emitting anything from mapper

boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);
if (!b) {
  throw new IOException("error with job!");
}

（二） 读写实例

public static class MyMapper extends TableMapper<ImmutableBytesWritable, Put>  {

	public void map(ImmutableBytesWritable row, Result value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		// this example is just copying the data from the source table...
   		context.write(row, resultToPut(row,value));
   	}

  	private static Put resultToPut(ImmutableBytesWritable key, Result result) throws IOException {
  		Put put = new Put(key.get());
 		for (KeyValue kv : result.raw()) {
			put.add(kv);
		}
		return put;
   	}
}
    

Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
Job job = new Job(config,"ExampleReadWrite");
job.setJarByClass(MyReadWriteJob.class);    // class that contains mapper

Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setCaching(500);        // 1 is the default in Scan, which will be bad for MapReduce jobs
scan.setCacheBlocks(false);  // don't set to true for MR jobs
// set other scan attrs

TableMapReduceUtil.initTableMapperJob(
	sourceTable,      // input table
	scan,	          // Scan instance to control CF and attribute selection
	MyMapper.class,   // mapper class
	null,	          // mapper output key
	null,	          // mapper output value
	job);
TableMapReduceUtil.initTableReducerJob(
	targetTable,      // output table
	null,             // reducer class
	job);
job.setNumReduceTasks(0);

boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);
if (!b) {
    throw new IOException("error with job!");
}

（三） 做统计实例

public static class MyMapper extends TableMapper<Text, IntWritable>  {

	private final IntWritable ONE = new IntWritable(1);
   	private Text text = new Text();

   	public void map(ImmutableBytesWritable row, Result value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        	String val = new String(value.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("cf"), Bytes.toBytes("attr1")));
          	text.set(val);     // we can only emit Writables...

        	context.write(text, ONE);
   	}
}
  

public static class MyTableReducer extends TableReducer<Text, IntWritable, ImmutableBytesWritable>  {

 	public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    		int i = 0;
    		for (IntWritable val : values) {
    			i += val.get();
    		}
    		Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(key.toString()));
    		put.add(Bytes.toBytes("cf"), Bytes.toBytes("count"), Bytes.toBytes(i));

    		context.write(null, put);
   	}
}

Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
Job job = new Job(config,"ExampleSummary");
job.setJarByClass(MySummaryJob.class);     // class that contains mapper and reducer

Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setCaching(500);        // 1 is the default in Scan, which will be bad for MapReduce jobs
scan.setCacheBlocks(false);  // don't set to true for MR jobs
// set other scan attrs

TableMapReduceUtil.initTableMapperJob(
	sourceTable,        // input table
	scan,               // Scan instance to control CF and attribute selection
	MyMapper.class,     // mapper class
	Text.class,         // mapper output key
	IntWritable.class,  // mapper output value
	job);
TableMapReduceUtil.initTableReducerJob(
	targetTable,        // output table
	MyTableReducer.class,    // reducer class
	job);
job.setNumReduceTasks(1);   // at least one, adjust as required

boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);
if (!b) {
	throw new IOException("error with job!");
}

（四）混合实例，结果存在文件上

 public static class MyReducer extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>  {

	public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		int i = 0;
		for (IntWritable val : values) {
			i += val.get();
		}
		context.write(key, new IntWritable(i));
	}
}
  

Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
Job job = new Job(config,"ExampleSummaryToFile");
job.setJarByClass(MySummaryFileJob.class);     // class that contains mapper and reducer

Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setCaching(500);        // 1 is the default in Scan, which will be bad for MapReduce jobs
scan.setCacheBlocks(false);  // don't set to true for MR jobs
// set other scan attrs

TableMapReduceUtil.initTableMapperJob(
	sourceTable,        // input table
	scan,               // Scan instance to control CF and attribute selection
	MyMapper.class,     // mapper class
	Text.class,         // mapper output key
	IntWritable.class,  // mapper output value
	job);
job.setReducerClass(MyReducer.class);    // reducer class
job.setNumReduceTasks(1);    // at least one, adjust as required
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("/tmp/mr/mySummaryFile"));  // adjust directories as required

boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);
if (!b) {
	throw new IOException("error with job!");
}