2016.8.30
发现了这个函数，可以直接获得摄像机的位置和旋转。
Controller->GetPlayerViewPoint(CamLoc, CamRot);
最近看了几天PlayerCameraManager的代码，大致看明白了，本着分享的原则，在此分享一些经验。
PlayerCameraManager，顾名思义就是管理角色摄像仪与视角的，你可以通过继承的方式，编写自己的PlayerCameraManager，之后在你角色的控制类中指定即可。
下面说一下主要的运行过程：
这里可以参考一下ShooterGame(ShooterPlayerCameraManager),从函数UpdateCamera开始看
void AShooterPlayerCameraManager::UpdateCamera(float DeltaTime) {
//尝试获取角色类指针，如果成功就执行一些第一人称视角相关的修正 AShooterCharacter* MyPawn = PCOwner ? Cast<AShooterCharacter>(PCOwner->GetPawn()) : NULL; if (MyPawn && MyPawn->IsFirstPerson()) {
//Fov切换的相关逻辑，（右键的微瞄切换） const float TargetFOV = MyPawn->IsTargeting() ? TargetingFOV : NormalFOV; DefaultFOV = FMath::FInterpTo(DefaultFOV, TargetFOV, DeltaTime, 20.0f); } //执行父类函数 Super::UpdateCamera(DeltaTime); //对角色类的模型进行变换 if (MyPawn && MyPawn->IsFirstPerson()) { MyPawn->OnCameraUpdate(GetCameraLocation(), GetCameraRotation()); } }
这里并没有视角的相关逻辑，所以进一步看父类的UpdateCamera函数。
void APlayerCameraManager::UpdateCamera(float DeltaTime) { if ((PCOwner->Player && PCOwner->IsLocalPlayerController()) || !bUseClientSideCameraUpdates || bDebugClientSideCamera) { DoUpdateCamera(DeltaTime); if (GetNetMode() == NM_Client && bShouldSendClientSideCameraUpdate) { // compress the rotation down to 4 bytes int32 const ShortYaw = FRotator::CompressAxisToShort(CameraCache.POV.Rotation.Yaw); int32 const ShortPitch = FRotator::CompressAxisToShort(CameraCache.POV.Rotation.Pitch); int32 const CompressedRotation = (ShortYaw << 16) | ShortPitch; PCOwner->ServerUpdateCamera(CameraCache.POV.Location, CompressedRotation); bShouldSendClientSideCameraUpdate = false; } } }
这里是一些网络的逻辑，继续看DoUpdateCamera函数
void APlayerCameraManager::DoUpdateCamera(float DeltaTime) {
//一些后期效果融合 // update color scale interpolation if (bEnableColorScaleInterp) { float BlendPct = FMath::Clamp((GetWorld()->TimeSeconds - ColorScaleInterpStartTime) / ColorScaleInterpDuration, 0.f, 1.0f); ColorScale = FMath::Lerp(OriginalColorScale, DesiredColorScale, BlendPct); // if we've maxed if (BlendPct == 1.0f) { // disable further interpolation bEnableColorScaleInterp = false; } }
//是否停止工作，不然就执行UpdateViewTarget // Don't update outgoing viewtarget during an interpolation when bLockOutgoing is set. if ((PendingViewTarget.Target == NULL) || !BlendParams.bLockOutgoing) { // Update current view target ViewTarget.CheckViewTarget(PCOwner); UpdateViewTarget(ViewTarget, DeltaTime); }
//下面都是一些视角更新的循环逻辑，看到最后你会发现他们一直都是用的引用，设置新的视角的逻辑并不在这 // our camera is now viewing there FMinimalViewInfo NewPOV = ViewTarget.POV; // if we have a pending view target, perform transition from one to another. if (PendingViewTarget.Target != NULL) { BlendTimeToGo -= DeltaTime; // Update pending view target PendingViewTarget.CheckViewTarget(PCOwner); UpdateViewTarget(PendingViewTarget, DeltaTime); // blend.... if (BlendTimeToGo > 0) { float DurationPct = (BlendParams.BlendTime - BlendTimeToGo) / BlendParams.BlendTime; float BlendPct = 0.f; switch (BlendParams.BlendFunction) { case VTBlend_Linear: BlendPct = FMath::Lerp(0.f, 1.f, DurationPct); break; case VTBlend_Cubic: BlendPct = FMath::CubicInterp(0.f, 0.f, 1.f, 0.f, DurationPct); break; case VTBlend_EaseIn: BlendPct = FMath::Lerp(0.f, 1.f, FMath::Pow(DurationPct, BlendParams.BlendExp)); break; case VTBlend_EaseOut: BlendPct = FMath::Lerp(0.f, 1.f, FMath::Pow(DurationPct, 1.f / BlendParams.BlendExp)); break; case VTBlend_EaseInOut: BlendPct = FMath::InterpEaseInOut(0.f, 1.f, DurationPct, BlendParams.BlendExp); break; default: break; } // Update pending view target blend NewPOV = ViewTarget.POV; NewPOV.BlendViewInfo(PendingViewTarget.POV, BlendPct);//@TODO: CAMERA: Make sure the sense is correct! BlendViewTargets(ViewTarget, PendingViewTarget, BlendPct); } else { // we're done blending, set new view target ViewTarget = PendingViewTarget; // clear pending view target PendingViewTarget.Target = NULL; BlendTimeToGo = 0; // our camera is now viewing there NewPOV = PendingViewTarget.POV; } } // Cache results FillCameraCache(NewPOV); if (bEnableFading) { if (bAutoAnimateFade) { FadeTimeRemaining = FMath::Max(FadeTimeRemaining - DeltaTime, 0.0f); if (FadeTime > 0.0f) { FadeAmount = FadeAlpha.X + ((1.f - FadeTimeRemaining / FadeTime) * (FadeAlpha.Y - FadeAlpha.X)); } if ((bHoldFadeWhenFinished == false) && (FadeTimeRemaining <= 0.f)) { // done StopCameraFade(); } } if (bFadeAudio) { ApplyAudioFade(); } } }
接下来看UpdateViewTarget函数，计算视角的逻辑都在里面
void APlayerCameraManager::UpdateViewTarget(FTViewTarget& OutVT, float DeltaTime) { // Don't update outgoing viewtarget during an interpolation if ((PendingViewTarget.Target != NULL) && BlendParams.bLockOutgoing && OutVT.Equal(ViewTarget)) { return; } //设置默认属性的摄像机 // store previous POV, in case we need it later FMinimalViewInfo OrigPOV = OutVT.POV; //@TODO: CAMERA: Should probably reset the view target POV fully here OutVT.POV.FOV = DefaultFOV; OutVT.POV.OrthoWidth = DefaultOrthoWidth; OutVT.POV.bConstrainAspectRatio = false; OutVT.POV.bUseFieldOfViewForLOD = true; OutVT.POV.ProjectionMode = bIsOrthographic ? ECameraProjectionMode::Orthographic : ECameraProjectionMode::Perspective; OutVT.POV.PostProcessSettings.SetBaseValues(); OutVT.POV.PostProcessBlendWeight = 1.0f; bool bDoNotApplyModifiers = false; //如果ViewTarget是个摄像机的话，就直接获取摄像机的视角 if (ACameraActor* CamActor = Cast<ACameraActor>(OutVT.Target)) { // Viewing through a camera actor. CamActor->GetCameraComponent()->GetCameraView(DeltaTime, OutVT.POV); } else { //下面都是一些不同模式的摄像机的逻辑，你可以在游戏中按下~，输入Camera XXXX的方式切换这个摄像机
//默认的摄像机是Default
static const FName NAME_Fixed = FName(TEXT("Fixed")); static const FName NAME_ThirdPerson = FName(TEXT("ThirdPerson")); static const FName NAME_FreeCam = FName(TEXT("FreeCam")); static const FName NAME_FreeCam_Default = FName(TEXT("FreeCam_Default")); static const FName NAME_FirstPerson = FName(TEXT("FirstPerson")); if (CameraStyle == NAME_Fixed) { // do not update, keep previous camera position by restoring // saved POV, in case CalcCamera changes it but still returns false OutVT.POV = OrigPOV; // don't apply modifiers when using this debug camera mode bDoNotApplyModifiers = true; } else if (CameraStyle == NAME_ThirdPerson || CameraStyle == NAME_FreeCam || CameraStyle == NAME_FreeCam_Default) { // Simple third person view implementation FVector Loc = OutVT.Target->GetActorLocation(); FRotator Rotator = OutVT.Target->GetActorRotation(); if (OutVT.Target == PCOwner) { Loc = PCOwner->GetFocalLocation(); } // Take into account Mesh Translation so it takes into account the PostProcessing we do there. // @fixme, can crash in certain BP cases where default mesh is null // APawn* TPawn = Cast<APawn>(OutVT.Target); // if ((TPawn != NULL) && (TPawn->Mesh != NULL)) // { // Loc += FQuatRotationMatrix(OutVT.Target->GetActorQuat()).TransformVector(TPawn->Mesh->RelativeLocation - GetDefault<APawn>(TPawn->GetClass())->Mesh->RelativeLocation); // } //OutVT.Target.GetActorEyesViewPoint(Loc, Rot); if( CameraStyle == NAME_FreeCam || CameraStyle == NAME_FreeCam_Default ) { Rotator = PCOwner->GetControlRotation(); } FVector Pos = Loc + ViewTargetOffset + FRotationMatrix(Rotator).TransformVector(FreeCamOffset) - Rotator.Vector() * FreeCamDistance; FCollisionQueryParams BoxParams(NAME_FreeCam, false, this); BoxParams.AddIgnoredActor(OutVT.Target); FHitResult Result; GetWorld()->SweepSingleByChannel(Result, Loc, Pos, FQuat::Identity, ECC_Camera, FCollisionShape::MakeBox(FVector(12.f)), BoxParams); OutVT.POV.Location = !Result.bBlockingHit ? Pos : Result.Location; OutVT.POV.Rotation = Rotator; // don't apply modifiers when using this debug camera mode bDoNotApplyModifiers = true; } else if (CameraStyle == NAME_FirstPerson) { // Simple first person, view through viewtarget's 'eyes' OutVT.Target->GetActorEyesViewPoint(OutVT.POV.Location, OutVT.POV.Rotation); // don't apply modifiers when using this debug camera mode bDoNotApplyModifiers = true; } else {
//默认摄像机会执行这个函数 UpdateViewTargetInternal(OutVT, DeltaTime); } } //这个应该是执行CameraShakes的逻辑 if (!bDoNotApplyModifiers || bAlwaysApplyModifiers) { // Apply camera modifiers at the end (view shakes for example) ApplyCameraModifiers(DeltaTime, OutVT.POV); } //头戴设备的视角逻辑 if (bFollowHmdOrientation) { if (GEngine->HMDDevice.IsValid() && GEngine->HMDDevice->IsHeadTrackingAllowed()) { GEngine->HMDDevice->UpdatePlayerCameraRotation(this, OutVT.POV); } } // Synchronize the actor with the view target results SetActorLocationAndRotation(OutVT.POV.Location, OutVT.POV.Rotation, false); UpdateCameraLensEffects(OutVT); }
综上所述，你应该把摄像机逻辑写在这，如果想了解得更加清楚，可以继续从UpdateViewTargetInternal函数看下去，一直看到CalcCamera为止。
下面大致说一下编写思路：
在使用编辑器新建完自己的CameraManager后，在控制类中制定，例如：
PlayerCameraManagerClass = ADemoCameraManager::StaticClass();
然后我贴一下自己写的代码，这里我实现了一个固定视角：
// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings. #pragma once #include "Camera/PlayerCameraManager.h" #include "DemoCameraManager.generated.h" /** * */ UCLASS() class DEMO_API ADemoCameraManager : public APlayerCameraManager { GENERATED_BODY() protected: virtual void UpdateViewTarget(FTViewTarget& OutVT, float DeltaTime) override; //UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = TViewTarget) //struct FMinimalViewInfo SceneFixedPOV; };
// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings. #include "Demo.h" #include "DemoCameraManager.h" #include "DemoCharacter.h" void ADemoCameraManager::UpdateViewTarget(FTViewTarget& OutVT, float DeltaTime) { if (bFollowHmdOrientation) { //如果有VR设备就直接运行引擎原始函数 Super::UpdateViewTarget(OutVT, DeltaTime); return; } // Don't update outgoing viewtarget during an interpolation if ((PendingViewTarget.Target != NULL) && BlendParams.bLockOutgoing && OutVT.Equal(ViewTarget)) { return; } bool bDoNotApplyModifiers = false; if (ACameraActor* CamActor = Cast<ACameraActor>(OutVT.Target)) { // Viewing through a camera actor. CamActor->GetCameraComponent()->GetCameraView(DeltaTime, OutVT.POV); } else { if (CameraStyle == FName("SceneFixed")) {
//这里我感觉可能用PendingViewTarget来传递摄像机坐标和旋转比较好，但是还没测试过 //自己定义一个场景固定视角 ADemoCharacter *Character = Cast<ADemoCharacter>(GetOwningPlayerController()->GetPawn()); OutVT.POV.Location = Character->ViewTargetLocation; OutVT.POV.Rotation = Character->ViewTargetRotator; //DesiredView.FOV = FieldOfView; //DesiredView.AspectRatio = AspectRatio; // don't apply modifiers when using this debug camera mode bDoNotApplyModifiers = true; }else if (CameraStyle==FName("Default")) { //默认方式是直接取得摄像机的参数来设置FTViewTarget.pov,而摄像机被控制类、SpringArm控制。 UpdateViewTargetInternal(OutVT, DeltaTime); } else { Super::UpdateViewTarget(OutVT, DeltaTime); } } if (!bDoNotApplyModifiers || bAlwaysApplyModifiers) { // Apply camera modifiers at the end (view shakes for example) ApplyCameraModifiers(DeltaTime, OutVT.POV); } // Synchronize the actor with the view target results SetActorLocationAndRotation(OutVT.POV.Location, OutVT.POV.Rotation, false); UpdateCameraLensEffects(OutVT); }
后面是固定视角VolumeActor的代码：
// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings. #pragma once #include "GameFramework/Actor.h" #include "Character/DemoCharacter.h" #include "Character/DemoCameraManager.h" #include "Character/DemoPlayerController.h" #include "Runtime/Engine/Classes/Kismet/KismetMathLibrary.h" #include "BaseSceneFixedViewVolume.generated.h" UCLASS() class DEMO_API ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume : public AActor { GENERATED_BODY() public: // Sets default values for this actor's properties ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume(); // Called when the game starts or when spawned virtual void BeginPlay() override; // Called every frame virtual void Tick( float DeltaSeconds ) override; FVector Lcation; FRotator Rotator; UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, Category = "SceneFixedView", meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true")) UBoxComponent* Triggers; UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "SceneFixedView", meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true")) UCameraComponent* Camera; UFUNCTION() virtual void OnBeginOverlap(class AActor* OtherActor, class UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex, bool bFromSweep, const FHitResult& SweeoResult); UFUNCTION() virtual void OnEndOverlap(class AActor* OtherActor, class UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex); UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "SceneFixedView") bool bCalView=false; UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly,Category="SceneFixedView") FVector VolumeSize = FVector(500, 500, 200); ADemoCharacter* Character; ADemoCameraManager* CameraManage; FName OriginMode; };
// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings. #include "Demo.h" #include "BaseSceneFixedViewVolume.h" // Sets default values ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume() { // Set this actor to call Tick() every frame. You can turn this off to improve performance if you don't need it. PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true; Triggers = CreateDefaultSubobject<UBoxComponent>(TEXT("Triggers")); Triggers->SetBoxExtent(VolumeSize); Triggers->SetRelativeLocation(FVector(0,0,VolumeSize.Z/2)); RootComponent = Triggers; Camera= CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("Camera")); Camera->SetRelativeLocation(FVector(VolumeSize.X,VolumeSize.Y,VolumeSize.Z)); Camera->AttachTo(RootComponent); //FollowCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("FollowCamera")); //FollowCamera->AttachTo(CameraBoom, USpringArmComponent::SocketName); // Attach the camera to the end of the boom and let the boom adjust to match the controller orientation //FollowCamera->bUsePawnControlRotation = false; // Camera does not rotate relative to arm Triggers->OnComponentBeginOverlap.AddDynamic(this, &ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::OnBeginOverlap); Triggers->OnComponentEndOverlap.AddDynamic(this, &ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::OnEndOverlap); } // Called when the game starts or when spawned void ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::BeginPlay() { Super::BeginPlay(); } // Called every frame void ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::Tick( float DeltaTime ) { Super::Tick( DeltaTime ); if (bCalView) { if (Character) { Character->ViewTargetLocation = Camera->K2_GetComponentLocation(); Character->ViewTargetRotator = UKismetMathLibrary::FindLookAtRotation(Camera->K2_GetComponentLocation(), Character->GetActorLocation()); } } } void ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::OnBeginOverlap(class AActor* OtherActor, class UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex, bool bFromSweep, const FHitResult& SweeoResult) { Character = Cast<ADemoCharacter>(OtherActor); if (Character) { bCalView = true; ADemoPlayerController* Controller = Cast<ADemoPlayerController>(Character->GetController()); if (Controller) { OriginMode=Controller->PlayerCameraManager->CameraStyle; Controller->SetCameraMode(FName("SceneFixed")); //因为我使用控制类来管理视角，为了解决一些视角问题，所以在进入时，必须重新设置视角,屏蔽鼠标修改视角 Controller->SetControlRotation(FRotator(0.0f,90.0f,0.0f)); Controller->SetIgnoreLookInput(true); } } } void ABaseSceneFixedViewVolume::OnEndOverlap(class AActor* OtherActor ,class UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex) { if (OtherActor==Character) { bCalView = false; ADemoPlayerController* Controller = Cast<ADemoPlayerController>(Character->GetController()); if (Controller) { if (OriginMode!=FName("")) { Controller->SetCameraMode(OriginMode); } else { Controller->SetCameraMode(FName("Default")); } Controller->SetIgnoreLookInput(false); } } Character= nullptr; }