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  • 《面向对象程序设计(java)》第七周学习总结

    1、实验目的与要求

    (1)进一步理解4个成员访问权限修饰符的用途; 

    (2)掌握Object类的常用API用法;

    (3)掌握ArrayList类用法与常用API;

    (4)掌握枚举类使用方法;

    (5)结合本章知识,理解继承与多态性两个面向对象程序设计特征,并体会其优点;

    (6)熟练掌握Java语言中基于类、继承技术构造程序的语法知识(ch1-ch5);

    (7)利用已掌握Java语言程序设计知识,学习设计开发含有1个主类、2个以上用户自定义类的应用程序。

    2、实验内容和步骤

    实验1  补充以下程序中主类内main方法体,以验证四种权限修饰符的用法。

    public class TEST1 {

    private String t1 = "这是TEST1的私有属性";

    public String t2 = "这是TEST1的公有属性";

    protected String t3 = "这是TEST1受保护的属性";

    String t4 = "这是TEST1的默认属性";

    private void tese1() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST1private修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    public void tese2() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST1public修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    protected void tese3() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST1protected修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    void tese4() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST1无修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    }

    public class TEST2 extends TEST1{

    private String e1 = "这是TEST2的私有属性";

    public String e2 = "这是TEST2的公有属性";

    protected String e3 = "这是TEST2受保护的属性";

    String e4 = "这是TEST2的默认属性";

    public void demo1() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST2public修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    private void demo2() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST2private修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    protected void demo3() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST2protected修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    void demo4() {

    System.out.println("我是TEST2无修饰符修饰的方法");

    }

    }

    public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    TEST2 test2 = new TEST2();

    /*以下设计代码分别调用 demo1 demo2 demo3 demo4 test1 test2 test3 test4方法和t1 t2 t3 t3 e1 e2 e3 e4属性,结合程序运行结果理解继承和权限修饰符的用法与区别*/

    }

    }

    实验代码:

     1 package test1;
     2 
     3 public class Main {
     4     public static void main(String[] args) {
     5         TEST2 test2=new TEST2();
     6         test2.demo1();
     7         test2.demo3();
     8         test2.demo4();
     9         test2.tese2();
    10         test2.tese3();
    11         test2.tese4();
    12         System.out.println(test2.e2);
    13         System.out.println(test2.e3);
    14         System.out.println(test2.e4);
    15         System.out.println(test2.t2);
    16         System.out.println(test2.t3);
    17         System.out.println(test2.t4);
    18     }
    19 }
     1 package test1;
     2 
     3 public class TEST1 {
     4     private String t1="这是TEST1的私有属性";
     5     public String t2="这是TEST2的公有属性";
     6     protected String t3="这是TEST1受保护的属性";
     7     String t4="这是TEST1的默认属性";
     8     private void tese1() {
     9         System.out.println("我是TEST1用private修饰符修饰的方法 ");
    10     }
    11     public void tese2() {
    12         System.out.println("我是TEST1用public修饰符修饰的方法");
    13     }
    14     protected void tese3() {
    15         System.out.println("我是TEST1用protected修饰符修饰的方法");
    16     }
    17     void tese4() {
    18         System.out.println("我是TEST1无修饰符修饰的方法");
    19     }
    20 }
     1 package test1;
     2 
     3 public class TEST2 extends TEST1 {
     4     private String e1="这是TEST2的私有属性";
     5     public String e2="这是TEST2的公有属性";
     6     protected String e3="这是TEST2受保护的属性";
     7     String e4="这是TEST2的默认属性";
     8     public void demo1() {
     9         System.out.println("我是TEST2用public修饰符修饰的方法");
    10     }
    11     private void demo2() {
    12         System.out.println("我是TEST2用private修饰符修饰的方法");
    13     }
    14     protected void demo3() {
    15         System.out.println("我是TEST2用protected修饰符修饰的方法");
    16     }
    17     void demo4() {
    18         System.out.println("我是TEST2无修饰符修饰的方法");
    19     }
    20 }

    实验结果:

    实验2  第五章测试程序反思,继承知识总结。

    测试程序1:

    Ÿ 编辑、编译、调试运行教材程序5-8、5-9、5-10(教材174页-177页);

    Ÿ 结合程序运行结果,理解程序代码,掌握Object类的定义及用法;

    实验代码:

     1 package equals;
     2 
     3 /**
     4  * This program demonstrates the equals method.
     5  * @version 1.12 2012-01-26
     6  * @author Cay Horstmann
     7  */
     8 public class EqualsTest
     9 {
    10    public static void main(String[] args)
    11    {
    12       Employee alice1 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
    13       Employee alice2 = alice1;
    14       Employee alice3 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
    15       Employee bob = new Employee("Bob Brandson", 50000, 1989, 10, 1);
    16 
    17       System.out.println("alice1 == alice2: " + (alice1 == alice2));
    18 
    19       System.out.println("alice1 == alice3: " + (alice1 == alice3));
    20 
    21       System.out.println("alice1.equals(alice3): " + alice1.equals(alice3));
    22 
    23       System.out.println("alice1.equals(bob): " + alice1.equals(bob));
    24 
    25       System.out.println("bob.toString(): " + bob);
    26 
    27       Manager carl = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
    28       Manager boss = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
    29       boss.setBonus(5000);
    30       System.out.println("boss.toString(): " + boss);
    31       System.out.println("carl.equals(boss): " + carl.equals(boss));
    32       System.out.println("alice1.hashCode(): " + alice1.hashCode());
    33       System.out.println("alice3.hashCode(): " + alice3.hashCode());
    34       System.out.println("bob.hashCode(): " + bob.hashCode());
    35       System.out.println("carl.hashCode(): " + carl.hashCode());
    36    }
    37 }
     1 package equals;
     2 
     3 import java.time.*;
     4 import java.util.Objects;
     5 
     6 public class Employee
     7 {
     8    private String name;
     9    private double salary;
    10    private LocalDate hireDay;
    11 
    12    public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
    13    {
    14       this.name = name;
    15       this.salary = salary;
    16       hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
    17    }
    18 
    19    public String getName()
    20    {
    21       return name;
    22    }
    23 
    24    public double getSalary()
    25    {
    26       return salary;
    27    }
    28 
    29    public LocalDate getHireDay()
    30    {
    31       return hireDay;
    32    }
    33 
    34    public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
    35    {
    36       double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
    37       salary += raise;
    38    }
    39 
    40    public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
    41    {
    42       // 快速检查对象是否相同 
    43       if (this == otherObject) return true;
    44 
    45       // 如果显式参数为空,则必须返回false
    46       if (otherObject == null) return false;
    47 
    48       // 如果类不匹配,它们就不能相等
    49 if (getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false; 50 51 // 现在我们知道另一个对象是非空雇员
    52 Employee other = (Employee) otherObject; 53 54 // 测试字段是否具有相同的值 55 return Objects.equals(name, other.name) && salary == other.salary && Objects.equals(hireDay, other.hireDay); 56 } 57 58 public int hashCode() 59 { 60 return Objects.hash(name, salary, hireDay); 61 } 62 63 public String toString() 64 { 65 return getClass().getName() + "[name=" + name + ",salary=" + salary + ",hireDay=" + hireDay 66 + "]"; 67 } 68 }
     1 package equals;
     2 
     3 public class Manager extends Employee
     4 {
     5    private double bonus;
     6 
     7    public Manager(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
     8    {
     9       super(name, salary, year, month, day);
    10       bonus = 0;
    11    }
    12 
    13    public double getSalary()
    14    {
    15       double baseSalary = super.getSalary();
    16       return baseSalary + bonus;
    17    }
    18 
    19    public void setBonus(double bonus)
    20    {
    21       this.bonus = bonus;
    22    }
    23 
    24    public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
    25    {
    26       if (!super.equals(otherObject)) return false;
    27       Manager other = (Manager) otherObject;
    28       // super.equals检查这个和其他属于同一个类
    29 return bonus == other.bonus; 30 } 31 //获得散列码,看看是否相同 32 public int hashCode() 33 { 34 return java.util.Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), bonus); 35 } 36 37 public String toString() 38 { 39 return super.toString() + "[bonus=" + bonus + "]"; 40 } 41 }

    实验结果:

    测试程序2:

    Ÿ 编辑、编译、调试运行教材程序5-11(教材182页);

    Ÿ 结合程序运行结果,理解程序代码,掌握ArrayList类的定义及用法;

    实验代码:

     1 package arrayList;
     2 
     3 import java.util.*;
     4 
     5 /**
     6  * This program demonstrates the ArrayList class.
     7  * @version 1.11 2012-01-26
     8  * @author Cay Horstmann
     9  */
    10 public class ArrayListTest
    11 {
    12    public static void main(String[] args)
    13    {
    14       // 用三个雇员对象填充工作人员数组列表
    15 ArrayList<Employee> staff = new ArrayList<>(); 16 17 staff.add(new Employee("Carl Cracker", 75000, 1987, 12, 15)); 18 staff.add(new Employee("Harry Hacker", 50000, 1989, 10, 1)); 19 staff.add(new Employee("Tony Tester", 40000, 1990, 3, 15)); 20 21 // 把每个人的工资提高5% 22 for (Employee e : staff) 23 e.raiseSalary(5); 24 25 // 打印所有员工对象的信息
    26 for (Employee e : staff) 27 System.out.println("name=" + e.getName() + ",salary=" + e.getSalary() + ",hireDay=" 28 + e.getHireDay()); 29 } 30 }
     1 package arrayList;
     2 
     3 import java.time.*;
     4 
     5 public class Employee
     6 {
     7    private String name;
     8    private double salary;
     9    private LocalDate hireDay;
    10 
    11    public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
    12    {
    13       this.name = name;
    14       this.salary = salary;
    15       hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
    16    }
    17 
    18    public String getName()
    19    {
    20       return name;
    21    }
    22 
    23    public double getSalary()
    24    {
    25       return salary;
    26    }
    27 
    28    public LocalDate getHireDay()
    29    {
    30       return hireDay;
    31    }
    32 
    33    public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
    34    {
    35       double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
    36       salary += raise;
    37    }
    38 }

    实验结果:

    测试程序3:

    Ÿ 编辑、编译、调试运行程序5-12(教材189页);

    Ÿ 结合运行结果,理解程序代码,掌握枚举类的定义及用法;

    实验代码:

     1 package enums;
     2 
     3 import java.util.*;
     4 
     5 /**
     6  * This program demonstrates enumerated types.
     7  * @version 1.0 2004-05-24
     8  * @author Cay Horstmann
     9  */
    10 public class EnumTest
    11 {  
    12    public static void main(String[] args)
    13    {  
    14       Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    15       System.out.print("Enter a size: (SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRA_LARGE) ");
    16       String input = in.next().toUpperCase();
    17       Size size = Enum.valueOf(Size.class, input);
    18       System.out.println("size=" + size);
    19       System.out.println("abbreviation=" + size.getAbbreviation());
    20       if (size == Size.EXTRA_LARGE)
    21          System.out.println("Good job--you paid attention to the _.");      
    22    }
    23 }
    24 
    25 enum Size
    26 {
    //枚举类的所有实例必须放在第一行显示。
    27 SMALL("S"), MEDIUM("M"), LARGE("L"), EXTRA_LARGE("XL"); 28 29 private Size(String abbreviation) { this.abbreviation = abbreviation; } 30 public String getAbbreviation() { return abbreviation; } 31 32 private String abbreviation; 33 }

    实验结果:

    实验3采用个人账号登录https://pintia.cn/完成《2018秋季西北师范大学面向对象程序设计(Java)(ch1-ch5)测试题2》,测试时间60分钟;

    实验4: 课后完成实验3未完成的测试内容。

    实验总结:通过这次四个修饰符与三个类的实验,我掌握了四个修饰符的权限范围,了解了三个特殊类的含义及使用方法。但还是有许多细节上的理解不到位和不足,尤其是枚举类的定义和用法还没有完全理解和掌握,还需要努力实践练习以掌握枚举类的含义并巩固其他所学知识。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bmwb/p/9785533.html
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