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  • Hibernate每个具体类一张表映射(使用注释)

    在每个类创建一张表的情况下, 表中不使用Null值的列。 这种方法的缺点是在子类表中创建了重复的列。

    在这里,我们需要在父类中使用@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)注释,并在子类中使用@AttributeOverrides注释。
    @Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)指定正在使用每个具体类策略的表。它应该仅在父类中指定。

    @AttributeOverrides定义该类中的父类属性将被覆盖。 在表结构中,父类表列将被添加到子类表中。

    我们来了解映射的层次结构。

    在每个具体类一张表的情况下,数据库中将有三个表,每个表表示一个特定的类。

    每个表的格结构如下:
    Employee类的表结构 -

    CREATE TABLE `emp122` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    
    SQL

    Regular_Employee类的表结构 -

    CREATE TABLE `regemp122` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
      `salary` float DEFAULT NULL,
      `bonus` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    
    SQL

    Contract_Employee类的表结构 -

    CREATE TABLE `contemp122` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
      `pay_per_hour` float DEFAULT NULL,
      `contract_duration` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    
    SQL

    每个具体类的表示例

    在这个例子中,我们创建了三个类,并在employee.hbm.xml文件中提供了这些类的映射。创建一个项目:inheritance2annotation, 完整的项目结构如下 -

    1)创建持久类

    您需要创建表示继承的持久化类。 让我们为上面的层次结构创建三个类:

    文件:Employee.java

    package com.yiibai;
    
    import javax.persistence.*;
    import javax.persistence.*;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "employee102")
    @Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
    public class Employee {
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
        @Column(name = "id")
        private int id;
    
        @Column(name = "name")
        private String name;
    
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        // setters and getters
    
    }
    
    Java

    文件:Regular_Employee.java

    package com.yiibai;
    
    /**
     * 
     * @author by maxsu
     * @copyright http://www.yiibai.com
     * @link download at: http://www.yiibai.com/siteinfo/download.html
     */
    import javax.persistence.*;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "regularemployee102")
    @AttributeOverrides({
            @AttributeOverride(name = "id", column = @Column(name = "id")),
            @AttributeOverride(name = "name", column = @Column(name = "name")) })
    public class Regular_Employee extends Employee {
    
        @Column(name = "salary")
        private float salary;
    
        @Column(name = "bonus")
        private int bonus;
    
        public float getSalary() {
            return salary;
        }
    
        public void setSalary(float salary) {
            this.salary = salary;
        }
    
        public int getBonus() {
            return bonus;
        }
    
        public void setBonus(int bonus) {
            this.bonus = bonus;
        }
    
        // setters and getters
    
    }
    
    Java

    文件:Contract_Employee.java

    package com.yiibai;
    
    /**
     * 
     * @author by maxsu
     * @copyright http://www.yiibai.com
     * @link download at: http://www.yiibai.com/siteinfo/download.html
     */
    import javax.persistence.*;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "contractemployee102")
    @AttributeOverrides({
            @AttributeOverride(name = "id", column = @Column(name = "id")),
            @AttributeOverride(name = "name", column = @Column(name = "name")) })
    public class Contract_Employee extends Employee {
    
        @Column(name = "pay_per_hour")
        private float pay_per_hour;
    
        @Column(name = "contract_duration")
        private String contract_duration;
    
        public float getPay_per_hour() {
            return pay_per_hour;
        }
    
        public void setPay_per_hour(float payPerHour) {
            pay_per_hour = payPerHour;
        }
    
        public String getContract_duration() {
            return contract_duration;
        }
    
        public void setContract_duration(String contractDuration) {
            contract_duration = contractDuration;
        }
    }
    
    Java

    2)在配置文件中添加hbm文件的映射

    打开hibernate.cfg.xml文件,并添加如下映射资源的项:

    <mapping class="com.yiibai.Employee" />
            <mapping class="com.yiibai.Contract_Employee" />
            <mapping class="com.yiibai.Regular_Employee" />
    
    XML

    现在配置文件将如下所示:

    文件:hibernate.cfg.xml

    <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
              "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
              "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    
    <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. -->
    <hibernate-configuration>
    
        <session-factory>
            <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
            <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
            <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
            <property name="connection.username">root</property>
            <property name="connection.password">123456</property>
            <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
            <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    
            <mapping class="com.yiibai.Employee" />
            <mapping class="com.yiibai.Contract_Employee" />
            <mapping class="com.yiibai.Regular_Employee" />
        </session-factory>
    
    </hibernate-configuration>
    
    XML

    hbm2ddl.auto属性定义是用于在数据库中创建自动表。

    4)创建存储持久对象的类

    在这个类中,我们只是将Employee 对象存储在数据库表中。

    文件:MainTest.java

    package com.yiibai;
    
    import org.hibernate.*;
    import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
    import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistry;
    import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
    
    /**
     * 
     * @author by maxsu
     * @copyright http://www.yiibai.com
     * @link download at: http://www.yiibai.com/siteinfo/download.html
     */
    
    public class MainTest {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            // 但在5.1.0版本汇总,hibernate则采用如下新方式获取:
            // 1. 配置类型安全的准服务注册类,这是当前应用的单例对象,不作修改,所以声明为final
            // 在configure("cfg/hibernate.cfg.xml")方法中,如果不指定资源路径,默认在类路径下寻找名为hibernate.cfg.xml的文件
            final StandardServiceRegistry registry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
                    .configure("hibernate.cfg.xml").build();
            // 2. 根据服务注册类创建一个元数据资源集,同时构建元数据并生成应用一般唯一的的session工厂
            SessionFactory sessionFactory = new MetadataSources(registry)
                    .buildMetadata().buildSessionFactory();
    
            /**** 上面是配置准备,下面开始我们的数据库操作 ******/
            Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();// 从会话工厂获取一个session
    
            // creating transaction object
            Transaction t = session.beginTransaction();
    
            Employee e1 = new Employee();
            e1.setName("用户名-01");
    
            Regular_Employee e2 = new Regular_Employee();
            e2.setName("yiibai su");
            e2.setSalary(50002);
            e2.setBonus(5);
    
            Contract_Employee e3 = new Contract_Employee();
            e3.setName("Mina su");
            e3.setPay_per_hour(1010);
            e3.setContract_duration("15 hours");
    
            session.persist(e1);
            session.persist(e2);
            session.persist(e3);
    
            t.commit();
            session.close();
            System.out.println("success");
        }
    }
    
    Java

    执行上面代码运行测试即可,应该会自动创建三张表,并插入数据。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/borter/p/9522275.html
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