The location of a divider is measured in pixels from either the left edge (in the case of a horizontal split pane) or the top edge (in the case of a vertical split pane).
There are two ways to set the location of the divider. The first is to specify an absolute location based on the distance in pixels from the left or top edge. The second is to specify a proportional location based on the distance from the left or top edge. For example, a proportional location of 0 sets the divider at the left or top edge. A proportional location of 1 sets the divider at the right or bottom edge. A proportional location of .5 sets the divider at the center.
// Create a left-right split pane
JSplitPane pane = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.HORIZONTAL_SPLIT, leftComponent, rightComponent);
// Get current location; result is number of pixels from the left edge
int loc = pane.getDividerLocation();
// Set a new location using an absolution location; center the divider
loc = (int)((pane.getBounds().getWidth()-pane.getDividerSize())/2);
pane.setDividerLocation(loc);
double propLoc = .5D;
// Set a proportional location
pane.setDividerLocation(propLoc);
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