Dockerfile文件如下：
FROM ubuntu #基础镜像
RUN apt-get update #更新apt
RUN apt-get -y install nginx #安装nginx
VOLUME ["data"] #可选，挂载目录
EXPOSE 80 #暴露80端口
CMD nginx -g "daemon off;" #后台运行nginx命令，在运行容器时执行
构建镜像：
sudo docker build -t ubun/nginx .
指定名称为ubun/nginx，在当前目录下搜索Dockerfile
运行容器：
docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 ubun/nginx
绑定本地80端口到容器的80端口
测试：
curl 127.0.0.1
若返回以下内容则是成功：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>