1、什么是Service?
Service是Android四大组件中与Activity最相似的组件,它们都代表可执行的程序,Service与Activity的区别在于:Service一直在后台运行,它没有用户界面,所以绝不会到前台来。一旦Service被启动起来,它就与Activity一样。它完全具有自己的生命周期。
A Service is an application component that can perform long-running operations in the background and does not provide a user interface. Another application component can start a service and it will continue to run in the background even if the user switches to another application. Additionally, a component can bind to a service to interact with it and even perform interprocess communication (IPC). For example, a service might handle network transactions, play music, perform file I/O, or interact with a content provider, all from the background. (来自官方解释:http://developer.android.com/guide/components/services.html)
2.小编经过查阅资料,以下是Service的相关资料:
定义:后台运行,不可见,没有界面
优先级高于Activity
用途:
播放音乐,记录地理信息位置的改变,监听某种动作.....
注意:
运行在主线程,不能用它来做耗时的请求或者动作
可以在服务中开一个线程,在线程中做耗时操作
类型:
1.本地服务(Local Service)
应用程序内部
startService stopService stopSelf stopSelfResult
bindService unbindService
2.远程服务(Remote Service)
Android系统内部程序之间
定义IBinder接口
Start 方式特点
1.服务跟启动源没有任何联系
2.无法得到服务对象
Bind 方式特点
1.通过Ibinder接口实例,返回一个ServiceConnection对象给启动源
2.通过ServiceConnection对象的相关方法可以得到Service对象
3.下面小编将通过一个demo讲述Service:
&实现service的步骤:1.创建一个类继承Service,完成必要的方法;2.在AndroidMinifast文件中进行注册 3. 调用
在此之前小编将讲述一个通过startService启动Servie
package com.demo.internet.musicapp; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.util.Log; /** * Created by monster on 2015/7/2. * 通过Start方式启动服务,这种服务的特点: * 1.服务跟启动源没有任何联系 * 2.无法得到服务对象 */ public class MusicService extends Service { @Override public void onCreate() { Log.i("info", "Service--onCreate()"); super.onCreate(); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { Log.i("info", "Service--onBind()"); return null; } @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { Log.i("info", "Service--onStartCommand()"); return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId); } @Override public void onDestroy() { Log.i("info", "Service--onDestroy()"); super.onDestroy(); } }调用:
intent1 =new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyStartService.class); startService(intent1);
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下面小编通过使用bindService方式来实现播放音乐的demo
①.布局不予讲述
②.创建BindMusicService.java 继承Service ,并且进行注册
package com.demo.internet.musicapp; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.media.MediaPlayer; import android.os.Binder; import android.os.IBinder; import android.util.Log; /** * Created by monster on 2015/7/2. * 方式特点: * 1.通过Ibinder接口实例,返回一个ServiceConnection对象给启动源 * 2.通过ServiceConnection对象的相关方法可以得到Service对象 */ public class BindMusicService extends Service { private MediaPlayer mPlayer; //声明一个mediaPlayer对象 @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { Log.i("info", "BindService--onBind()"); return new MyBinder(); } @Override public void unbindService(ServiceConnection conn) { Log.i("info", "BindService--unbindService()"); super.unbindService(conn); } @Override public void onCreate() { Log.i("info", "BindService--onCreate()"); super.onCreate(); mPlayer=MediaPlayer.create(getApplicationContext(),R.raw.meizu_music); //实例化对象 //设置可以重复播放 mPlayer.setLooping(true); } @Override public void onDestroy() { Log.i("info", "BindService--onDestroy()"); super.onDestroy(); mPlayer.stop(); } //必须通过继承Binder的方式才可以获得binderService服务 public class MyBinder extends Binder{ public BindMusicService getService(){ return BindMusicService.this; } } public void Play(){ Log.i("info", "播放"); mPlayer.start(); } public void Pause(){ Log.i("info", "暂停"); mPlayer.pause(); } }③. 在MainActivity中创建ServiceConnection接口并且实现未实现的方法,然后创建BindMusicService的声明,调用的时候bindService方法进行调用
package com.demo.internet.musicapp; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{ private Button btn_start,btn_stop,bind_btn_start,bind_btn_stop,bind_btn_play,bind_btn_pause; Intent intent1; Intent intent2; BindMusicService service; ServiceConnection con=new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder binder) { //当服务跟启动源连接的时候 会自动回调 service=((BindMusicService.MyBinder)binder).getService(); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { //当服务跟启动源断开的时候 会自动回调 } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); } private void initView() { btn_start= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_start); btn_stop= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_stop); bind_btn_start= (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind_btn_start); bind_btn_stop= (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind_btn_stop); bind_btn_play= (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind_btn_play); bind_btn_pause= (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind_btn_pause); //绑定监听事件 btn_start.setOnClickListener(this); btn_stop.setOnClickListener(this); bind_btn_start.setOnClickListener(this); bind_btn_stop.setOnClickListener(this); bind_btn_play.setOnClickListener(this); bind_btn_pause.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()){ case R.id.btn_start: //intent1=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MusicService.class); //startService(intent1); break; case R.id.btn_stop: //stopService(intent1); break; case R.id.bind_btn_start: intent2=new Intent(MainActivity.this,BindMusicService.class); bindService(intent2,con,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);//绑定服务 break; case R.id.bind_btn_play: service.Play(); break; case R.id.bind_btn_pause: service.Pause(); break; case R.id.bind_btn_stop: unbindService(con);//解除绑定服务 break; } } }
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4.效果图演示:
5.源码分享: