洛谷P4250 [SCOI2015]小凸想跑步（半平面交）

题面

传送门

题解

设(p)点坐标为(x_p,y_p)，那么根据叉积可以算出它与((i,i+1))构成的三角形的面积

为了保证(p)与((0,1))构成的面积最小，就相当于它比其它所有的三角形构成的面积都要小。如果(p)与((0,1))构成的面积比((i,i+1))小，代入叉积计算公式，有

[(y_0-y_1-y_i+y_{i+1})x_p+(x_1-x_0-x_{i+1}+x_i)y_p+(x_0y_1-x_1y_0-x_iy_{i+1}+x_{i+1}y_i) < 0 ]

然后我们知道对于形如(Ax+By+C<0)的线性规划，向量((-B,A))代表的就是这个线性规划的半平面

直接半平面交求解就行了

//minamoto
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define R register
#define inline __attribute__((always_inline))
#define fp(i,a,b) for(R int i=(a),I=(b)+1;i<I;++i)
#define fd(i,a,b) for(R int i=(a),I=(b)-1;i>I;--i)
#define go(u) for(int i=head[u],v=e[i].v;i;i=e[i].nx,v=e[i].v)
using namespace std;
char buf[1<<21],*p1=buf,*p2=buf;
inline char getc(){return p1==p2&&(p2=(p1=buf)+fread(buf,1,1<<21,stdin),p1==p2)?EOF:*p1++;}
int read(){
    R int res,f=1;R char ch;
    while((ch=getc())>'9'||ch<'0')(ch=='-')&&(f=-1);
    for(res=ch-'0';(ch=getc())>='0'&&ch<='9';res=res*10+ch-'0');
    return res*f;
}
char sr[1<<21],z[20];int C=-1,Z=0;
inline void Ot(){fwrite(sr,1,C+1,stdout),C=-1;}
void print(R int x){
    if(C>1<<20)Ot();if(x<0)sr[++C]='-',x=-x;
    while(z[++Z]=x%10+48,x/=10);
    while(sr[++C]=z[Z],--Z);sr[++C]='
';
}
const int N=2e5+5;const double eps=1e-10;
inline int sgn(R double x){return x<-eps?-1:x>eps;}
inline double abs(R double x){return x<-eps?-x:x;}
struct node{
	double x,y;
	inline node(){}
	inline node(R double xx,R double yy):x(xx),y(yy){}
	inline node operator +(const node &b)const{return node(x+b.x,y+b.y);}
	inline node operator -(const node &b)const{return node(x-b.x,y-b.y);}
	inline double operator *(const node &b)const{return x*b.y-y*b.x;}
	inline node operator ^(const double &b)const{return node(x*b,y*b);}
}p[N],s[N];
struct Line{
	node p,v;double ang;
	inline Line(){}
	inline Line(R node pp,R node vv):p(pp),v(vv){ang=atan2(v.y,v.x);}
	inline bool operator <(const Line &b)const{return sgn(ang-b.ang)?sgn(ang-b.ang)<0:sgn(v*(b.p-p))<0;}
	friend node cross(const Line &a,const Line &b){return a.p+(a.v^(b.v*(b.p-a.p)/(b.v*a.v)));}
	inline bool Right(R node &b){return sgn(v*(b-p))<0;}
}L[N],q[N];
int n,m,tot,h,t;double area,res;
void HalfPlane(){
	sort(L+1,L+1+m);
	q[h=t=1]=L[1];
	fp(i,2,m)if(sgn(L[i].ang-L[i-1].ang)){
		while(h<t&&L[i].Right(p[t-1]))--t;
		while(h<t&&L[i].Right(p[h]))++h;
		q[++t]=L[i];
		if(h<t)p[t-1]=cross(q[t],q[t-1]);
	}
	while(h<t&&q[h].Right(p[t-1]))--t;
	if(t-h+1<=2)return;
	p[t]=cross(q[t],q[h]),p[t+1]=p[h];
	fp(i,h,t)res+=p[i]*p[i+1];
}
int main(){
//	freopen("testdata.in","r",stdin);
	n=read();
	fp(i,0,n-1)s[i].x=read(),s[i].y=read();
	s[n]=s[0];
	fp(i,1,n-1)area+=(s[i]-s[0])*(s[i+1]-s[0]);
	fp(i,0,n-1)L[++m]=Line(s[i],s[i+1]-s[i]);
	fp(i,1,n-1){
		double a=s[0].y-s[1].y+s[i+1].y-s[i].y;
		double b=s[1].x-s[0].x-s[i+1].x+s[i].x;
		double c=s[0].x*s[1].y-s[1].x*s[0].y+s[i+1].x*s[i].y-s[i].x*s[i+1].y;
		L[++m]=Line(sgn(b)?node(0,-c/b):node(-c/a,0),node(-b,a));
	}
	HalfPlane();
	printf("%.4lf
",res/area);
	return 0;
}