python实现md5

流程图

4组线性函数

F(x,y,z) = (x & y) | (~x & z)
G(x,y,z) = (x & z) | (y & ~z) 
H(x,y,z) = x ^ y ^ z
I(x,y,z) = y ^ ( x | ~z)

移位数组如下

0~15次 [7, 12, 17, 22]
16~31次 [5,  9, 14, 20]
32~47次 [4, 11, 16, 23]
48~63次 [6, 10, 15, 21]

正弦函数表

#key值64个是固定的，计算方法是ki= floor(2^32*abs(sin(i+1)))

SV = [0xd76aa478, 0xe8c7b756, 0x242070db, 0xc1bdceee, 0xf57c0faf,
      0x4787c62a, 0xa8304613, 0xfd469501, 0x698098d8, 0x8b44f7af,
      0xffff5bb1, 0x895cd7be, 0x6b901122, 0xfd987193, 0xa679438e,
      0x49b40821, 0xf61e2562, 0xc040b340, 0x265e5a51, 0xe9b6c7aa,
      0xd62f105d, 0x2441453, 0xd8a1e681, 0xe7d3fbc8, 0x21e1cde6,
      0xc33707d6, 0xf4d50d87, 0x455a14ed, 0xa9e3e905, 0xfcefa3f8,
      0x676f02d9, 0x8d2a4c8a, 0xfffa3942, 0x8771f681, 0x6d9d6122,
      0xfde5380c, 0xa4beea44, 0x4bdecfa9, 0xf6bb4b60, 0xbebfbc70,
      0x289b7ec6, 0xeaa127fa, 0xd4ef3085, 0x4881d05, 0xd9d4d039,
      0xe6db99e5, 0x1fa27cf8, 0xc4ac5665, 0xf4292244, 0x432aff97,
      0xab9423a7, 0xfc93a039, 0x655b59c3, 0x8f0ccc92, 0xffeff47d,
      0x85845dd1, 0x6fa87e4f, 0xfe2ce6e0, 0xa3014314, 0x4e0811a1,
      0xf7537e82, 0xbd3af235, 0x2ad7d2bb, 0xeb86d391]

python代码实现

import binascii
import sys
import os.path


SV = [0xd76aa478, 0xe8c7b756, 0x242070db, 0xc1bdceee, 0xf57c0faf,
      0x4787c62a, 0xa8304613, 0xfd469501, 0x698098d8, 0x8b44f7af,
      0xffff5bb1, 0x895cd7be, 0x6b901122, 0xfd987193, 0xa679438e,
      0x49b40821, 0xf61e2562, 0xc040b340, 0x265e5a51, 0xe9b6c7aa,
      0xd62f105d, 0x2441453, 0xd8a1e681, 0xe7d3fbc8, 0x21e1cde6,
      0xc33707d6, 0xf4d50d87, 0x455a14ed, 0xa9e3e905, 0xfcefa3f8,
      0x676f02d9, 0x8d2a4c8a, 0xfffa3942, 0x8771f681, 0x6d9d6122,
      0xfde5380c, 0xa4beea44, 0x4bdecfa9, 0xf6bb4b60, 0xbebfbc70,
      0x289b7ec6, 0xeaa127fa, 0xd4ef3085, 0x4881d05, 0xd9d4d039,
      0xe6db99e5, 0x1fa27cf8, 0xc4ac5665, 0xf4292244, 0x432aff97,
      0xab9423a7, 0xfc93a039, 0x655b59c3, 0x8f0ccc92, 0xffeff47d,
      0x85845dd1, 0x6fa87e4f, 0xfe2ce6e0, 0xa3014314, 0x4e0811a1,
      0xf7537e82, 0xbd3af235, 0x2ad7d2bb, 0xeb86d391]


# 根据ascil编码把字符转成对应的二进制
def binvalue(val, bitsize):
    binval = bin(val)[2:] if isinstance(val, int) else bin(ord(val))[2:]
    if len(binval) > bitsize:
        raise ("binary value larger than the expected size")
    while len(binval) < bitsize:
        binval = "0" + binval
    return binval


def string_to_bit_array(text):
    array = list()
    for char in text:
        binval = binvalue(char, 8)
        array.extend([int(x) for x in list(binval)])
    return array


# 循环左移
def leftCircularShift(k, bits):
    bits = bits % 32
    k = k % (2 ** 32)
    upper = (k << bits) % (2 ** 32)
    result = upper | (k >> (32 - (bits)))
    return (result)


# 分块
def blockDivide(block, chunks):
    result = []
    size = len(block) // chunks
    for i in range(0, chunks):
        result.append(int.from_bytes(block[i * size:(i + 1) * size], byteorder="little"))
    return result


# F函数作用于“比特位”上
# if x then y else z
def F(X, Y, Z):
    compute = ((X & Y) | ((~X) & Z))
    return compute


# if z then x else y
def G(X, Y, Z):
    return ((X & Z) | (Y & (~Z)))


# if X = Y then Z else ~Z
def H(X, Y, Z):
    return (X ^ Y ^ Z)


def I(X, Y, Z):
    return (Y ^ (X | (~Z)))


# 四个F函数
def FF(a, b, c, d, M, s, t):
    result = b + leftCircularShift((a + F(b, c, d) + M + t), s)
    return (result)


def GG(a, b, c, d, M, s, t):
    result = b + leftCircularShift((a + G(b, c, d) + M + t), s)
    return (result)


def HH(a, b, c, d, M, s, t):
    result = b + leftCircularShift((a + H(b, c, d) + M + t), s)
    return (result)


def II(a, b, c, d, M, s, t):
    result = b + leftCircularShift((a + I(b, c, d) + M + t), s)
    return (result)


# 数据转换
def fmt8(num):
    bighex = "{0:08x}".format(num)
    binver = binascii.unhexlify(bighex)
    result = "{0:08x}".format(int.from_bytes(binver, byteorder='little'))
    return (result)


# 计算比特长度
def bitlen(bitstring):
    return len(bitstring) * 8


def md5sum(msg):
    # 计算比特长度，如果内容过长，64个比特放不下。就取低64bit。
    msgLen = bitlen(msg) % (2 ** 64)
    # 先填充一个0x80，其实是先填充一个1，后面跟对应个数的0，因为一个明文的编码至少需要8比特，所以直接填充 0b10000000即0x80
    msg = msg + b'x80'  # 0x80 = 1000 0000
    # 似乎各种编码，即使是一个字母，都至少得1个字节，即8bit才能表示，所以不会出现原文55bit，pad1就满足的情况？可是不对呀，要是二进制文件呢？
    # 填充0到满足要求为止。
    zeroPad = (448 - (msgLen + 8) % 512) % 512
    zeroPad //= 8
    msg = msg + b'x00' * zeroPad + msgLen.to_bytes(8, byteorder='little')
    # 计算循环轮数，512个为一轮
    msgLen = bitlen(msg)
    iterations = msgLen // 512
    # 初始化变量
    # 算法魔改的第一个点，也是最明显的点
    # A = 0x67452301
    # B = 0xefcdab89
    # C = 0x98badcfe
    # D = 0x10325476

    # 魔改版
    A = 0x67552301
    B = 0xEDCDAB89
    C = 0x98BADEFE
    D = 0x16325476
    # MD5的主体就是对abcd进行n次的迭代，所以得有个初始值，可以随便选，也可以用默认的魔数，这个改起来毫无风险，所以大家爱魔改它，甚至改这个都不算魔改。
    # main loop
    for i in range(0, iterations):
        a = A
        b = B
        c = C
        d = D
        block = msg[i * 64:(i + 1) * 64]
        # 明文的处理，顺便调整了一下端序
        M = blockDivide(block, 16)
        # Rounds
        a = FF(a, b, c, d, M[0], 7, SV[0])
        d = FF(d, a, b, c, M[1], 12, SV[1])
        c = FF(c, d, a, b, M[2], 17, SV[2])
        b = FF(b, c, d, a, M[3], 22, SV[3])
        a = FF(a, b, c, d, M[4], 7, SV[4])
        d = FF(d, a, b, c, M[5], 12, SV[5])
        c = FF(c, d, a, b, M[6], 17, SV[6])
        b = FF(b, c, d, a, M[7], 22, SV[7])
        a = FF(a, b, c, d, M[8], 7, SV[8])
        d = FF(d, a, b, c, M[9], 12, SV[9])
        c = FF(c, d, a, b, M[10], 17, SV[10])
        b = FF(b, c, d, a, M[11], 22, SV[11])
        a = FF(a, b, c, d, M[12], 7, SV[12])
        d = FF(d, a, b, c, M[13], 12, SV[13])
        c = FF(c, d, a, b, M[14], 17, SV[14])
        b = FF(b, c, d, a, M[15], 22, SV[15])

        a = GG(a, b, c, d, M[1], 5, SV[16])
        d = GG(d, a, b, c, M[6], 9, SV[17])
        c = GG(c, d, a, b, M[11], 14, SV[18])
        b = GG(b, c, d, a, M[0], 20, SV[19])
        a = GG(a, b, c, d, M[5], 5, SV[20])
        d = GG(d, a, b, c, M[10], 9, SV[21])
        c = GG(c, d, a, b, M[15], 14, SV[22])
        b = GG(b, c, d, a, M[4], 20, SV[23])
        a = GG(a, b, c, d, M[9], 5, SV[24])
        d = GG(d, a, b, c, M[14], 9, SV[25])
        c = GG(c, d, a, b, M[3], 14, SV[26])
        b = GG(b, c, d, a, M[8], 20, SV[27])
        a = GG(a, b, c, d, M[13], 5, SV[28])
        d = GG(d, a, b, c, M[2], 9, SV[29])
        c = GG(c, d, a, b, M[7], 14, SV[30])
        b = GG(b, c, d, a, M[12], 20, SV[31])

        a = HH(a, b, c, d, M[5], 4, SV[32])
        d = HH(d, a, b, c, M[8], 11, SV[33])
        c = HH(c, d, a, b, M[11], 16, SV[34])
        b = HH(b, c, d, a, M[14], 23, SV[35])
        a = HH(a, b, c, d, M[1], 4, SV[36])
        d = HH(d, a, b, c, M[4], 11, SV[37])
        c = HH(c, d, a, b, M[7], 16, SV[38])
        b = HH(b, c, d, a, M[10], 23, SV[39])
        a = HH(a, b, c, d, M[13], 4, SV[40])
        d = HH(d, a, b, c, M[0], 11, SV[41])
        c = HH(c, d, a, b, M[3], 16, SV[42])
        b = HH(b, c, d, a, M[6], 23, SV[43])
        a = HH(a, b, c, d, M[9], 4, SV[44])
        d = HH(d, a, b, c, M[12], 11, SV[45])
        c = HH(c, d, a, b, M[15], 16, SV[46])
        b = HH(b, c, d, a, M[2], 23, SV[47])

        a = II(a, b, c, d, M[0], 6, SV[48])
        d = II(d, a, b, c, M[7], 10, SV[49])
        c = II(c, d, a, b, M[14], 15, SV[50])
        b = II(b, c, d, a, M[5], 21, SV[51])
        a = II(a, b, c, d, M[12], 6, SV[52])
        d = II(d, a, b, c, M[3], 10, SV[53])
        c = II(c, d, a, b, M[10], 15, SV[54])
        b = II(b, c, d, a, M[1], 21, SV[55])
        a = II(a, b, c, d, M[8], 6, SV[56])
        d = II(d, a, b, c, M[15], 10, SV[57])
        c = II(c, d, a, b, M[6], 15, SV[58])
        b = II(b, c, d, a, M[13], 21, SV[59])
        a = II(a, b, c, d, M[4], 6, SV[60])
        d = II(d, a, b, c, M[11], 10, SV[61])
        c = II(c, d, a, b, M[2], 15, SV[62])
        b = II(b, c, d, a, M[9], 21, SV[63])
        A = (A + a) % (2 ** 32)
        B = (B + b) % (2 ** 32)
        C = (C + c) % (2 ** 32)
        D = (D + d) % (2 ** 32)
    result = fmt8(A) + fmt8(B) + fmt8(C) + fmt8(D)
    return result


if __name__ == "__main__":
    data = str("hello").encode("UTF-8")
    print("plainText: ", data)
    print("result: ", md5sum(data))

其他资料:
https://www.cnblogs.com/DeeLMind/p/7581423.html
https://www.zhihu.com/question/278134292/answer/1139991348