仿真要求:
结合本周学习的直流电机机械特性,用Modelica设计和仿真一个直流电机串电阻启动过程,具体要求如下:
1)电机工作在额定电压和额定磁通下,采用串三段或四段电阻启动,整个启动过程电枢电流中不能超过额定电流的3倍。
2)选择合适的电阻阻值,选择优化的电阻切除策略,使得在满足条件1的前提下,电机尽可能快速平滑得达到额定点。仿真效果最佳的同学获得本周"控制之星"称号。
3)所有同学均使用如下统一的直流电机模型,电机的参数为:
额定电压:240V
额定电流:16.2A
额定转矩:29.2N.m
额定转速:1220 r/min
转动惯量:1 Kg.m^2
电枢电阻:0.6 Ohm
转矩常数(额定磁通):1.8
电动势常数(额定磁通):0.189
仿真代码:
model motor1 "An DC Motor Model"
type Voltage=Real(unit="V");
type Current=Real(unit="A");
type Resistance=Real(unit="Ohm");
type Speed=Real(unit="r/min");
type Torque=Real(unit="N.m");
type Inertia=Real(unit="kg.m^2");
Torque Tm"Torque of the Motor";
Speed n"Speed of the Motor";
Current i"Armature Current";
Voltage u"Voltage Source";
Resistance R_ad"External Resistance";
Resistance R1"Start-up Resistance";
Resistance R2"Start-up Resistance";
Resistance R3"Start-up Resistance";
Resistance R4"Start-up Resistance";
parameter Real J = 1"Total Inertia";
parameter Real R = 0.6"Armature Resistance";
parameter Real Kt = 1.8"Torque Constant";
parameter Real Ke = 0.189"EMF Constant";
parameter Real Tl = 29.2"Load Torque";
parameter Real i1=48.6"Maximum Current";
parameter Real i2=17.8"Minimum Current";
equation
Tm-Tl = J * der(n) * 6.28 / 60;
Tm= Kt * i;
u= i * (R+R_ad+R1+R2+R3+R4) + Ke * n;
if time <= 0.1 then
u = 0;
R_ad = 0;
else
u = 240;
R_ad = 0;
end if;
if time <= 4 then
R1=2.223;
else
R1=0;
end if;
if time <= 6 then
R2=1.194;
else
R2=0;
end if;
if time <= 8 then
R3=0.705;
else
R3=0;
end if;
if time <= 9 then
R4=0.416;
else
R4=0;
end if;
end motor1;
simulate(motor1,startTime=0,stopTime=015)
plot(i)
plot(n)
稳定时间为10S