zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • 1.ASP.NET MVC使用EPPlus,导出数据到Excel中

    好久没写博客了,今天特地来更新一下,今天我们要学习的是如何导出数据到Excel文件中,这里我使用的是免费开源的Epplus组件。

    源代码下载:https://github.com/caofangsheng93/ExcelExportInMvc

    介绍

    这篇文章,介绍的是怎样导出数据到Excel文件中,大多数的后端程序都有报表功能:把显示在Grid中的数据导出到Excel文件中,这篇文章中使用的是EPPlus组件。

    EPPlus是一个基于OOXML【Open Extended Markup Language 】格式的,操作Excel表格的类库。OOXML是由微软开发的。默认支持微软的Office。

     开源网站:http://epplus.codeplex.com/

    正文

    上面是我们的项目。

    首先我们需要引入:EPPlus。

    我这里已经引入了。

    当我们在程序中使用ORM的时候,我们通常将数据保存在集合中。集合中的数据不能直接导出到Excel文件中。这也就是我们为啥,需要先将List转DataTable的原因。

     Process Export to Excel

                                      图1 :导出Excel的步骤

    为了完成这篇文章:我们需要四个步骤:

    1.数据:这里我使用静态数据,来确保这篇文章尽可能通俗易懂。

    2.集合:静态数据保存在集合中

    3.DataTable:转化泛型集合的数据,保存到DataTable中

    4.导出文件:DataTable导出为Excel

    首先,我们创建一个类:

     public class Student
        {
            public int ID { get; set; }
    
            public string Name { get; set; }
    
            public string Sex { get; set; }
    
            public int Age { get; set; }
    
            public string Email { get; set; }
        }
    Student

    然后创建一个静态数据类:

    public class StaticDataOfStudent
        {
            public static List<Student> ListStudent
            {
                get 
                {
                    return new List<Student>() 
                    {
                    new Student(){ID=1,Name="曹操",Sex="",Email="caocao@163.com",Age=24},
                    new Student(){ID=2,Name="李易峰",Sex="",Email="lilingjie@sina.com.cn",Age=24},
                    new Student(){ID=3,Name="张三丰",Sex="",Email="zhangsanfeng@qq.com",Age=224},
                    new Student(){ID=4,Name="孙权",Sex="",Email="sunquan@163.com",Age=1224},
                    };
                }
            }
        }
    StaticDataOfStudent

    然后就是我们的导出Excel帮助类了:

      /// <summary>
        /// Excel导出帮助类
        /// </summary>
        public class ExcelExportHelper
        {
            public static string ExcelContentType
            {
                get 
                {
                    return "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// List转DataTable
            /// </summary>
            /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
            /// <param name="data"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> data)
            {
                PropertyDescriptorCollection properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T));
                DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
                for (int i = 0; i < properties.Count; i++)
                {
                    PropertyDescriptor property = properties[i];  
                    dataTable.Columns.Add(property.Name, Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType);  
                }
                object[] values = new object[properties.Count];
                foreach (T item in data)
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
                    {
                        values[i] = properties[i].GetValue(item);
                    }
    
                    dataTable.Rows.Add(values);
                }
                return dataTable;  
            }
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 导出Excel
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="dataTable">数据源</param>
            /// <param name="heading">工作簿Worksheet</param>
            /// <param name="showSrNo">//是否显示行编号</param>
            /// <param name="columnsToTake">要导出的列</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static byte[] ExportExcel(DataTable dataTable, string heading = "", bool showSrNo = false, params string[] columnsToTake)
            {
                byte[] result = null;
                using(ExcelPackage package=new ExcelPackage())
                {
                    ExcelWorksheet workSheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(string.Format("{0}Data", heading));
                    int startRowFrom = string.IsNullOrEmpty(heading) ? 1 : 3;  //开始的行
                    //是否显示行编号
                    if (showSrNo)
                    {
                        DataColumn dataColumn = dataTable.Columns.Add("#", typeof(int));
                        dataColumn.SetOrdinal(0);
                        int index = 1;
                        foreach (DataRow item in dataTable.Rows)
                        {
                            item[0] = index;
                            index++;
                        }
                    }
    
                    //Add Content Into the Excel File
                    workSheet.Cells["A" + startRowFrom].LoadFromDataTable(dataTable, true);
                    // autofit width of cells with small content  
                    int columnIndex = 1;
                    foreach (DataColumn item in dataTable.Columns)
                    {
                        ExcelRange columnCells = workSheet.Cells[workSheet.Dimension.Start.Row, columnIndex, workSheet.Dimension.End.Row, columnIndex];  
                        int maxLength = columnCells.Max(cell => cell.Value.ToString().Count());  
                        if (maxLength < 150)  
                        {  
                            workSheet.Column(columnIndex).AutoFit();  
                        }  
                        columnIndex++;  
                    }
                    // format header - bold, yellow on black  
                    using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom, 1, startRowFrom, dataTable.Columns.Count])
                    {
                        r.Style.Font.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.White);
                        r.Style.Font.Bold = true;
                        r.Style.Fill.PatternType = OfficeOpenXml.Style.ExcelFillStyle.Solid;
                        r.Style.Fill.BackgroundColor.SetColor(System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml("#1fb5ad"));
                    }
    
                    // format cells - add borders  
                    using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom + 1, 1, startRowFrom + dataTable.Rows.Count, dataTable.Columns.Count])
                    {
                        r.Style.Border.Top.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
                        r.Style.Border.Bottom.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
                        r.Style.Border.Left.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
                        r.Style.Border.Right.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
    
                        r.Style.Border.Top.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
                        r.Style.Border.Bottom.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
                        r.Style.Border.Left.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
                        r.Style.Border.Right.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
                    }
    
                    // removed ignored columns  
                    for (int i = dataTable.Columns.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
                    {
                        if (i == 0 && showSrNo)
                        {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (!columnsToTake.Contains(dataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName))
                        {
                            workSheet.DeleteColumn(i + 1);
                        }
                    }
    
                    if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(heading))
                    {
                        workSheet.Cells["A1"].Value = heading;
                        workSheet.Cells["A1"].Style.Font.Size = 20;
    
                        workSheet.InsertColumn(1, 1);
                        workSheet.InsertRow(1, 1);
                        workSheet.Column(1).Width = 5;
                    }
    
                    result = package.GetAsByteArray();  
    
                }
                return result;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 导出Excel
            /// </summary>
            /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
            /// <param name="data"></param>
            /// <param name="heading"></param>
            /// <param name="isShowSlNo"></param>
            /// <param name="ColumnsToTake"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static byte[] ExportExcel<T>(List<T> data, string heading = "", bool isShowSlNo = false, params string[] ColumnsToTake)
            {
                return ExportExcel(ListToDataTable<T>(data), heading, isShowSlNo, ColumnsToTake);  
            }
    
        }

    到此为止,后端服务器的代码,基本搞完,现在开始设计我们的前端代码:

    我们创建一个ViewModel,用来显示数据:

    public class StudentViewModel
        {
            public List<Student> ListStudent
            {
                get 
                {
                    return StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;
                }
            }
        }

    然后创建一个控制器:

     public class HomeController : Controller
        {
            // GET: Home
            public ActionResult Index()
            {
                StudentViewModel model = new StudentViewModel();
                return View(model);
            }
    
            public FileContentResult ExportToExcel()
            {
                List<Student> lstStudent = StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;
                string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};
                byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);
                return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");  
            }
        }

    我们的视图代码:

    @model ExportToExcel.Models.StudentViewModel
    @{
        ViewBag.Title = "Excel文件导出";
    }
    <div class="panel">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <a href="@Url.Action("ExportToExcel")" class="btn btn-primary">Export</a>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>ID</th>
                        <th>Name</th>
                        <th>Sex</th>
                        <th>Age</th>
                        <th>Email</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    @foreach (var item in Model.ListStudent)
                    {
                        <tr>
                            <td>@item.ID</td>
                            <td>@item.Name</td>
                            <td>@item.Sex</td>
                            <td>@item.Age</td>
                            <td>@item.Email</td>
                        </tr>
                    }
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
      

    效果图:

    点击Export之后,就导出了Excel文件到浏览器中:打开之后。

     总结:这个导出帮助类,可以定制导出那些列。

                string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};
                byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);
                return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");  
    这里我只是导出这三列。

    类似资料参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/liudeyun/p/3535740.html
  • 相关阅读:
    白话机器学习
    Intersecting Lines POJ
    Segments POJ
    Toy Storage POJ
    TOYS POJ
    2019CCPC秦皇岛赛区1004 Decimal
    Django 基本使用
    HTML页面布局
    微擎上传视频,音频,图片提示格式不支持
    微擎应用名称图标的修改
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/caofangsheng/p/6149843.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看