Python编程：从入门到实践——【作业】——第十三章（外星人）

第十三章

 13-1 星星 ： 找一幅星星图像， 并在屏幕上显示一系列整齐排列的星星。
13-2 更逼真的星星 ： 为让星星的分布更逼真， 可随机地放置星星。 本书前面说过， 可像下面这样来生成随机数：

from random import randint
random_number = randint(-10,10)

　　

 13-1

start.py

import pygame  
from pygame.sprite import Sprite  
class Start(Sprite):  
    """docstring for Start"""  
    def __init__(self, screen):  
        super(Start, self).__init__()  
        self.screen = screen  
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/start.bmp')  
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()  
  
        #设置位置  
        self.rect.x = self.rect.width  
        self.rect.y = self.rect.height  
  
        self.x = float(self.rect.x)  
    def blitme(self):  
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)  

 screen.py

import pygame  
import sys  
from start import Start  
from pygame.sprite import Group  
def screen():  
    pygame.init()  
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,800))  
    bg_color = (255,255,255)  
    pygame.display.set_caption("all start")  
    start = Group()  
    while True:  
        for event in pygame.event.get():  
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  
                sys.exit()  
        create_start(start,screen)  
        screen.fill(bg_color)  
        start.draw(screen)  
        pygame.display.flip()  
def create_start(start,screen):  
    start1 = Start(screen)  
    start_width = start1.rect.width  
    avaliable_x = 1200 - 2*start_width  
    number_x = int(avaliable_x / (2 * start_width))  
    start_height = start1.rect.height  
    avaliable_y = 800 - 2* start_height  
    number_y = int (avaliable_y / (2 * start_height))  
    for n_y in range(number_y):  
        for n_x in range(number_x):  
            st = Start(screen)  
            st.x = start_width + 2 * start_width * n_x  
            st.y = start_height + 2 * start_height * n_y  
            st.rect.x = st.x  
            st.rect.y = st.y  
            start.add(st)  
screen()  

输出：

 13-2

start.py

同上

screen.py

import pygame  
import sys  
from start import Start  
from pygame.sprite import Group  
from random import randint  
def screen():  
    pygame.init()  
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,800))  
    bg_color = (255,255,255)  
    pygame.display.set_caption("all start")  
    start = Group()  
    while True:  
        for event in pygame.event.get():  
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  
                sys.exit()  
        create_start(start,screen)  
        screen.fill(bg_color)  
        start.draw(screen)  
        pygame.display.flip()  
def create_start(start,screen):  
    start1 = Start(screen)  
    start_width = start1.rect.width  
    avaliable_x = 1200 - 2*start_width  
    number_x = int(avaliable_x / (2 * start_width))  
    start_height = start1.rect.height  
    avaliable_y = 800 - 2* start_height  
    number_y = int (avaliable_y / (2 * start_height))  
    for n_y in range(number_y):  
        for n_x in range(number_x):  
            st = Start(screen)  
            st.x = randint(-30,30) + 2 * start_width * n_x  
            st.y = randint(-30,30) + 2 * start_height * n_y  
            st.rect.x = st.x  
            st.rect.y = st.y  
            start.add(st)  
screen()  

输出：

 13-3 雨滴 ： 寻找一幅雨滴图像， 并创建一系列整齐排列的雨滴。 让这些雨滴往下落， 直到到达屏幕底端后消失。
13-4 连绵细雨 ： 修改为完成练习13-3而编写的代码， 使得一行雨滴消失在屏幕底端后， 屏幕顶端又出现一行新雨滴， 并开始往下落。

 13-3

 rain.py

import pygame  
from pygame.sprite import Sprite  
from random import randint  
class Rain(Sprite):  
    """docstring for Start"""  
    def __init__(self, screen):  
        super(Rain, self).__init__()  
        self.screen = screen  
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/rain.bmp')  
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()  
  
        #设置位置  
        self.rect.x = self.rect.width  
        self.rect.y = self.rect.height  
  
        self.x = float(self.rect.x)  
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)  
  
        self.speed = 1  
    def blitme(self):  
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)  
    def update(self):  
        self.y +=self.speed  
        self.rect.y = self.y  

screen.py

import pygame  
import sys  
from rain import Rain  
from pygame.sprite import Group  
from random import randint  
def screen():  
    pygame.init()  
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,600))  
    bg_color = (255,255,255)  
    pygame.display.set_caption("all Rain")  
    rains = Group()  
    create_rain(rains,screen)  
    while True:  
        for event in pygame.event.get():  
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  
                sys.exit()  
        screen.fill(bg_color)  
        for r in rains:  
            r.update()  
            if r.rect.y > 1200:  
                rains.remove(r)  
        rains.draw(screen)  
        pygame.display.flip()  
def create_rain(rains,screen):  
    rain1 = Rain(screen)  
    rain_width = rain1.rect.width  
    avaliable_x = 1200 - 2*rain_width  
    number_x = int(avaliable_x / (2 * rain_width))  
    rain_height = rain1.rect.height  
    avaliable_y = 800 - 2* rain_height  
    number_y = int (avaliable_y / (2 * rain_height))  
    for n_x in range(number_x):  
        r = Rain(screen)  
        r.x = rain_width + 2 * rain_width * n_x  
        r.rect.x = r.x  
        rains.add(r)  
screen()  

输出：

 13-4

rain.py同上

screen.py

import pygame
import sys
from rain import Rain
from pygame.sprite import Group
from random import randint
def screen():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,600))
    bg_color = (255,255,255)
    pygame.display.set_caption("all Rain")
    rains = Group()
    create_rain(rains,screen)
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()
        screen.fill(bg_color)
        flag = False
        for r in rains:
            r.update()
            if r.rect.y > 1200:
                rains.remove(r)
                flag = True
        if flag:
            create_rain(rains,screen)
            flag = False
        rains.draw(screen)
        pygame.display.flip()
def create_rain(rains,screen):
    rain1 = Rain(screen)
    rain_width = rain1.rect.width
    avaliable_x = 1200 - 2*rain_width
    number_x = int(avaliable_x / (2 * rain_width))
    rain_height = rain1.rect.height
    avaliable_y = 800 - 2* rain_height
    number_y = int (avaliable_y / (2 * rain_height))
    for n_x in range(number_x):
        r = Rain(screen)
        r.x = rain_width + 2 * rain_width * n_x
        r.rect.x = r.x
        rains.add(r)
screen()

输出：

 13-5 抓球 ： 创建一个游戏， 在屏幕底端放置一个玩家可左右移动的角色。 让一个球出现在屏幕顶端， 且水平位置是随机的， 并让这个球以固定的速度往下落。 如果角
色与球发生碰撞（表示将球抓住了） ， 就让球消失。 每当角色抓住球或球因抵达屏幕底端而消失后， 都创建一个新球。

ball.py

from pygame.sprite import Sprite
from random import randint
import pygame
class Ball(Sprite):
    """docstring for Ball"""
    def __init__(self, screen):
        super(Ball, self).__init__()
        self.screen = screen
        self.screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/ball.bmp')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

        #设置位置
        self.rect.x = randint(0,self.screen_rect.right-self.rect.width)
        self.rect.y = 0

        self.x = float(self.rect.x)
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)

        self.speed = 1

    def blitme(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)

 human.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Human(Sprite):
    """docstring for Human"""
    def __init__(self, screen):
        super(Human, self).__init__()
        self.screen = screen
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/human.bmp')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
        self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
        self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom

        self.moving_left = False
        self.moving_right =False
    def update_human(self):
        if self.moving_left and self.rect.x > 0:
            self.rect.x -=1
        if self.moving_right :
            self.rect.x +=1
    def bliteme(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)

update_functions.py

import pygame
import sys
from ball import Ball
from human import Human
class U_Functions():
    """docstring for U_Functions"""
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def check_event(self,human):
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    human.moving_left = True
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    human.moving_right = True
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    human.moving_left = False
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    human.moving_right = False
    def create_ball(self,ball,screen):
        if len(ball) ==0:
            b = Ball(screen)
            ball.add(b)
        else:
            pass

    def update_ball(self,ball,screen,human):
        for b in ball:
            b.rect.y +=b.speed
            if b.rect.y > b.screen_rect.bottom:
                ball.remove(b)
        collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(ball,human,True,False)

    def update_screen(self,screen,human,bg_color,ball):
        screen.fill(bg_color)
        if len(human) == 0:
            human.add(Human(screen))
        for h in human:
            self.check_event(h)
            h.update_human()
        human.draw(screen)
        self.create_ball(ball,screen)
        self.update_ball(ball,screen,human)
        ball.draw(screen)
        pygame.display.flip()
    

play.py

import pygame
import sys
from human import Human
from update_fuction import U_Functions
from ball import Ball
from pygame.sprite import Group
def run():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800,600))
    pygame.display.set_caption("catch ball")
    bg_color =(255,255,255)
    human = Human(screen)
    function = U_Functions()
    b = Group()
    human = Group()
    while True:
        function.update_screen(screen,human,bg_color,b)

run()

输出：

13-6 游戏结束 ： 在为完成练习13-5而编写的代码中， 跟踪玩家有多少次未将球接着。 在未接着球的次数到达三次后， 结束游戏。

ball.py 和 human.py 同上

game_status.py

class GameStatus(object):
    """docstring for GameStatus"""
    def __init__(self):
        self.game_active = True
        self.total = 0
        self.catched = 0
        self.loss = 0
    def check_active(self):
        if self.loss == 3:
            self.game_active = False
        

update_function.py

import pygame
import sys
from ball import Ball
from human import Human
from time import sleep
class U_Functions():
    """docstring for U_Functions"""
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def check_event(self,human):
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    human.moving_left = True
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    human.moving_right = True
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    human.moving_left = False
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    human.moving_right = False
    def create_ball(self,ball,screen):
        if len(ball) ==0:
            b = Ball(screen)
            ball.add(b)
        else:
            pass

    def update_ball(self,ball,screen,human,game_status):
        for b in ball:
            b.rect.y +=b.speed
            if b.rect.y > b.screen_rect.bottom:
                ball.remove(b)
                game_status.loss +=1
        if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(ball,human,True,False):
            sleep(0.5)

    def update_screen(self,screen,human,bg_color,ball,game_status):
        screen.fill(bg_color)
        if len(human) == 0:
            human.add(Human(screen))
        for h in human:
            self.check_event(h)
            h.update_human()
        human.draw(screen)
        self.create_ball(ball,screen)
        self.update_ball(ball,screen,human,game_status)
        ball.draw(screen)
        pygame.display.flip()
    

play_game.py

import pygame
import sys
from human import Human
from update_fuction import U_Functions
from ball import Ball
from pygame.sprite import Group
from game_status  import GameStatus
def run():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800,600))
    pygame.display.set_caption("catch ball")
    bg_color =(255,255,255)
    human = Human(screen)
    function = U_Functions()
    b = Group()
    human = Group()
    game_status = GameStatus()
    while True:
        game_status.check_active()
        if game_status.game_active:
            function.update_screen(screen,human,bg_color,b,game_status)
        else:
            sys.exit()

run()