自定义Python枚举

#!/usr/local/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

__author__ = "Carp-Li"
__date__ = "2020/10/18"

from enum import Enum
from collections import namedtuple
from types import DynamicClassAttribute


T = namedtuple("Field", ["value", "desc"])


class FieldEnum(Enum):

    @DynamicClassAttribute
    def value(self):
        """ 直接获取namedtuple的value的值 """
        return self._value_.value

    @DynamicClassAttribute
    def desc(self):
        """ 直接获取namedtuple的desc的值 """
        return self._value_.desc

    @classmethod
    def by(cls, value):
        """ 根据value获取对应的枚举 """
        for field, enum in cls._value2member_map_.items():
            if value == field.value:
                return enum
        raise ValueError(f"{cls.__name__}(value={value}):没有对应的枚举")

    @classmethod
    def by_desc(cls, text):
        """ 根据desc获取对应的枚举 """
        for field, enum in cls._value2member_map_.items():
            if text == field.desc:
                return enum
        raise ValueError(f"{cls.__name__}(desc={text}):没有对应的枚举")

    @DynamicClassAttribute
    def field(self):
        """ 返回一个namedtuple """
        return self._value_

    @classmethod
    def iter_field(cls):
        """ 返回一个迭代器对象，方便遍历 """
        for field in cls._value2member_map_.keys():
            yield field


class Gender(FieldEnum):
    """ 一个例子 """
    MAN = T(1, "男")
    WOMAN = T(2, "女")
    NULL = T(0, "未知")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(Gender.by(0))
    print(Gender.by_desc("男"))