开发环境(development)和生产环境(production)的构建目标差异很大。在开发环境中,我们需要具有强大的、具有实时重新加载(live reloading)或热模块替换(hot module replacement)能力的 source map 和 localhost server。而在生产环境中,我们的目标则转向于关注更小的 bundle,更轻量的 source map,以及更优化的资源,以改善加载时间。
遵循逻辑分离,我们通常建议为每个环境编写彼此独立的 webpack 配置。为了减少重复的代码,将配置中可复用的部分抽离出来。
1.安装 webpack-merge
npm install --save-dev webpack-merge
2.更改目录结构

webpack.common.js
const path = require('path');
const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require('clean-webpack-plugin');
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
module.exports = {
entry: {
app: './src/index.js'
},
output: {
filename: '[name].bundle.js',
path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist')
},
module:{
rules:[
{
test:/.css/,
use:[
'style-loader',
'css-loader'
]
}
]
},
plugins:[
new CleanWebpackPlugin(),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
title: 'output management'
})
]
}
webpack.dev.js
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const common = require('./webpack.common');
const webpack = require('webpack');
module.exports = merge(common, {
mode: 'development',
devtool: "inline-source-map",
devServer: {
contentBase: './dist',
hot: true,
},
plugins: [
new webpack.NamedModulesPlugin(),
new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),
]
})
webpack.prod.js
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const common = require('./webpack.common');
module.exports = merge(common,{
mode: 'production'
})
对于开发环境的压缩,在控制台使用
--optimize-minimize标记将在后台引用UglifyJSPlugin。--define process.env.NODE_ENV="'production'"将在后台调用与DefinePlugin实例。webpack -p将自动地调用所需要引入的插件。