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  • Excel相关操作(转)

    NPOI控件

    在页面上点击服务器按钮输出Excel只能输出一次(第二次点击按钮无反应):

     添加以下js:

    <script type='text/javascript'>  

         _spOriginalFormAction = document.forms[0].action;   

          _spSuppressFormOnSubmitWrapper=true;   

    </script>  

    转自:

    http://www.cnblogs.com/stswordman/archive/2006/08/24/485641.html

    http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaotao823/archive/2008/09/26/1299364.html

    C# 将数据导出到Excel汇总

    一、asp.net中导出Excel的方法:

    在asp.net中导出Excel有两种方法,一种是将导出的文件存放在服务器某个文件夹下面,然后将文件地址输出在浏览器上;一种是将文件直接将文件输出流写给浏览器。在Response输出时,t分隔的数据,导出Excel时,等价于分列,n等价于换行。
    1、将整个html全部输出Excel

    此法将html中所有的内容,如按钮,表格,图片等全部输出到Excel中。
       Response.Clear();    
       Response.Buffer=   true;    
       Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+".xls");          
       Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;  
       Response.ContentType   =   "application/vnd.ms-excel";  
       this.EnableViewState   =   false;  

    这里我们利用了ContentType属性,它默认的属性为text/html,这时将输出为超文本,即我们常见的网页格式到客户端,如果改为ms-excel将将输出excel格式,也就是说以电子表格的格式输出到客户端,这时浏览器将提示你下载保存。ContentType的属性还包括:image/JPEG;text/HTML;image/GIF;vnd.ms-excel/msword 。同理,我们也可以输出(导出)图片、word文档等。下面的方法,也均用了这个属性。

    2、将DataGrid控件中的数据导出Excel

    上述方法虽然实现了导出的功能,但同时把按钮、分页框等html中的所有输出信息导了进去。而我们一般要导出的是数据,DataGrid控件上的数据。
    System.Web.UI.Control ctl=this.DataGrid1;
    //DataGrid1是你在窗体中拖放的控件
    HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
    HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";    
    HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default;
    HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
    ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;   
    System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
    System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
    ctl.RenderControl(hw);
    HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
    HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

    如果你的DataGrid用了分页,它导出的是当前页的信息,也就是它导出的是DataGrid中显示的信息。而不是你select语句的全部信息。

    为方便使用,写成方法如下:
    public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)  
      {
       HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
       HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";    
       HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default;
       HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
       ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;   
       System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
       System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
       ctl.RenderControl(hw);
       HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
       HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
      }

       用法:DGToExcel(datagrid1);
      

    并且还需要override一下VerifyRenderingInServerForm方法(这一点非常重要,否则在点击按钮后会报错,译者注)代码如下:

    public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)

    {

    }

    个人补充:

    如果在UserControl中使用的时候,无法执行VerifyRenderingInServerForm的时候,可以使用这个方式:

    public static void ToExcelJT(System.Web.UI.Page page, DataTable tab, string FileName)
            {
                System.Web.HttpResponse httpresponse = page.Response;
                System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGrid datagrid = new System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGrid();
                datagrid.DataSource = tab.DefaultView;
                datagrid.AllowPaging = false;
                datagrid.HeaderStyle.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;
                datagrid.HeaderStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Center;
                datagrid.HeaderStyle.Font.Bold = true;
                datagrid.DataBind();

                HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "UTF-8";
                //HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default;
                HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8");
                HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
                HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + "" + FileName);
                System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter();
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(tw);
                datagrid.RenderControl(hw);
                HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
                HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
            }

    即:根据DataTable重新生成Grid。
    3、将DataSet中的数据导出Excel

    有了上边的思路,就是将在导出的信息,输出(Response)客户端,这样就可以导出了。那么把DataSet中的数据导出,也就是把DataSet中的表中的各行信息,以ms-excel的格式Response到http流,这样就OK了。说明:参数ds应为填充有数据表的DataSet,文件名是全名,包括后缀名,如Excel2006.xls

    public  void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string FileName) 
    {
     HttpResponse resp;
     resp = Page.Response;
     resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
     resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+FileName);   
     string colHeaders= "", ls_item="";   
     
     //定义表对象与行对象,同时用DataSet对其值进行初始化
     DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0];
     DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();//可以类似dt.Select("id>10")之形式达到数据筛选目的
            int i=0;
            int cl=dt.Columns.Count;
        
     //取得数据表各列标题,各标题之间以t分割,最后一个列标题后加回车符
     for(i=0;i<cl;i++)
     {
     if(i==(cl-1))//最后一列,加n
     {
     colHeaders +=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString() +"n";
     }
     else
     {
     colHeaders+=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"t";
     }
          
     }
     resp.Write(colHeaders);
     //向HTTP输出流中写入取得的数据信息
       
     //逐行处理数据  
     foreach(DataRow row in myRow)
     {     
     //当前行数据写入HTTP输出流,并且置空ls_item以便下行数据    
     for(i=0;i<cl;i++)
     {
     if(i==(cl-1))//最后一列,加n
     {
     ls_item +=row[i].ToString()+"n";
     }
     else
     {
     ls_item+=row[i].ToString()+"t";
     }
      
     }
     resp.Write(ls_item);
     ls_item="";
        
     }    
     resp.End(); 
     }

    4、将dataview导出excel
    若想实现更加富于变化或者行列不规则的excel导出时,可用本法。
    public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str)
    {
       //dv为要输出到Excel的数据,str为标题名称
       GC.Collect();
       Application excel;// = new Application();
       int rowIndex=4;
       int colIndex=1;
     
       _Workbook xBk;
       _Worksheet xSt;
     
       excel= new ApplicationClass();
      
       xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true);
       
       xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet;
     
       //
       //取得标题
       //
       foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
       {
        colIndex++;
        excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName;
        xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置标题格式为居中对齐
       }
     
       //
       //取得表格中的数据
       //
       foreach(DataRowView row in dv)
       {
        rowIndex ++;
        colIndex = 1;
        foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
        {
         colIndex ++;
         if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
         {
          excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
          xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置日期型的字段格式为居中对齐
         }
         else
          if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
         {
          excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
          xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置字符型的字段格式为居中对齐
         }
         else
         {
          excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
         }
        }
       }
       //
       //加载一个合计行
       //
       int rowSum = rowIndex + 1;
       int colSum = 2;
       excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = "合计";
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;
       //
       //设置选中的部分的颜色
       //
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex = 19;//设置为浅黄色,共计有56种
       //
       //取得整个报表的标题
       //
       excel.Cells[2,2] = str;
       //
       //设置整个报表的标题格式
       //
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true;
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;
       //
       //设置报表表格为最适应宽度
       //
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit();
       //
       //设置整个报表的标题为跨列居中
       //
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select();
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection;
       //
       //绘制边框
       //
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置左边线加粗
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置上边线加粗
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置右边线加粗
       xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置下边线加粗
       //
       //显示效果
       //
       excel.Visible=true;
     
       //xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+""+this.xlfile.Text+".xls",SheetExportActionEnum.ssExportActionNone,Microsoft.Office.Interop.OWC.SheetExportFormat.ssExportHTML);
       xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+""+this.xlfile.Text+".xls");
     
       ds = null;
                xBk.Close(false, null,null);
       
                excel.Quit();
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk);
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel);
        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt);
                xBk = null;
                excel = null;
       xSt = null;
                GC.Collect();
       string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls");
     
       System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path);
       Response.Clear();
       Response.Charset="GB2312";
       Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
       // 添加头信息,为"文件下载/另存为"对话框指定默认文件名
       Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(file.Name));
       // 添加头信息,指定文件大小,让浏览器能够显示下载进度
       Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString());
       
       // 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流,必须被下载
       Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
       
       // 把文件流发送到客户端
       Response.WriteFile(file.FullName);
       // 停止页面的执行
      
       Response.End();
    }

      
       上面的方面,均将要导出的excel数据,直接给浏览器输出文件流,下面的方法是首先将其存到服务器的某个文件夹中,然后把文件发送到客户端。这样可以持久的把导出的文件存起来,以便实现其它功能。
    5、将excel文件导出到服务器上,再下载。

    二、winForm中导出Excel的方法:

    1、方法1:

       SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
       SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
       DataSet ds=new DataSet();
       da.Fill(ds,"table1");
       DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
       string name=System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//存放到web.config中downloadurl指定的路径,文件格式为当前日期+4位随机数
       FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);
       StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
       sw.WriteLine("自动编号,姓名,年龄");
       foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
       {
        sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
       }
       sw.Close();
       Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));
       Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";// 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流,必须被下载
       Response.WriteFile(name); // 把文件流发送到客户端
       Response.End();

     
    public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url)
    {
    Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();
    Workbooks oBooks;
    Workbook oBook;
    Sheets oSheets;
    Worksheet oSheet;
    Range oCells;
    string sFile="",sTemplate="";
    //
    System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[0];

    sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";
    sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";
    //
    oExcel.Visible=false;
    oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;
    //定义一个新的工作簿
    oBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;
    oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    oBook=oBooks.get_Item(1);
    oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;
    oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item(1);
    //命名该sheet
    oSheet.Name="Sheet1";

    oCells=oSheet.Cells;
    //调用dumpdata过程,将数据导入到Excel中去
    DumpData(dt,oCells);
    //保存
    oSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
    //退出Excel,并且释放调用的COM资源
    oExcel.Quit();

    GC.Collect();
    KillProcess("Excel");
    }

    private void KillProcess(string processName)
    {
    System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();
    //得到所有打开的进程
    try
    {
    foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName))
    {
    if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow())
    {
    thisproc.Kill();
    }
    }
    }
    catch(Exception Exc)
    {
    throw new Exception("",Exc);
    }
    }

    2、方法2:


     

    protected void ExportExcel()
      {
       gridbind();
       if(ds1==null) return;
     
       string saveFileName="";
    //   bool fileSaved=false;
       SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog();
       saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls";
       saveDialog.Filter="Excel文件|*.xls";
       saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1";
       saveDialog.ShowDialog();
       saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName;
       if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<0) return; //被点了取消
    //   excelapp.Workbooks.Open   (App.path & 工程进度表.xls)
      
       Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application();
       object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
     

       if(xlApp==null)
       {
        MessageBox.Show("无法创建Excel对象,可能您的机子未安装Excel");
        return;
       }
       Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;
       Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
       Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1
       Excel.Range range;
       
     
       string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
       long totalCount=ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
       long rowRead=0;
       float percent=0;
     
       worksheet.Cells[1,1]=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
       //写入字段
       for(int i=0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)
       {
        worksheet.Cells[2,i+1]=ds1.Tables[0].ColumnsIdea [I].ColumnName; 
        range=(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[2,i+1];
        range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
        range.Font.Bold = true;
     
       }
       //写入数值
       Caption .Visible = true;
       for(int r=0;r<ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;r++)
       {
        for(int i=0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)
        {
         worksheet.Cells[r+3,i+1]=ds1.Tables[0].Rows[r];    
        }
        rowRead++;
        percent=((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;   
        this.Caption.Text= "正在导出数据["+ percent.ToString("0.00")  +"%]...";
        Application.DoEvents();
       }
       worksheet.SaveAs(saveFileName,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing);
       
       this.Caption.Visible= false;
       this.Caption.Text= oldCaption;
     
       range=worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[2,1],worksheet.Cells[ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count+2,ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count]);
       range.BorderAround(Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin,Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,null);
      
       range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].ColorIndex = Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
       range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle =Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
       range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].Weight =Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;
     
       if(ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count>1)
       {
        range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].ColorIndex=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
        }
       workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing);
       xlApp.Quit();
      }

    三、附注:
    虽然都是实现导出excel的功能,但在asp.net和winform的程序中,实现的代码是各不相同的。在asp.net中,是在服务器端读取数据,在服务器端把数据以ms-excel的格式,以Response输出到浏览器(客户端);而在winform中,是把数据读到客户端(因为winform运行端就是客户端),然后调用客户端安装的office组件,将读到的数据写在excel
     

    GridView导出Excel研究

    Introduction:

    GridView中的数据导出为Excelweb应用中的常见功能。在不同的应用场景下有不同的导出技术。在本文中我将介绍一些导出的技术,希望对您有所帮助

    GridView Export the Excel (Basic Code): 

    .

    首先看一个基础的应用。创建一个表格,见截图


    然后将数据库中的数据绑定到GridView中的数据,代码如下:

    private void BindData()

    {

    SqlConnection myConnection = new SqlConnection("Server=localhost;Database=School;Trusted_Connection=true");

    SqlDataAdapter ad = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Users", myConnection);

    DataSet ds = new DataSet();

    ad.Fill(ds);

    gvUsers.DataSource = ds;

    gvUsers.DataBind();

    }


    现在,GridView中已经绑定了数据,接下来的任务就是导出到Excel。下面是button事件中的代码

    Response.ClearContent();

    Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment; filename=MyExcelFile.xls");

    Response.ContentType = "application/excel";

    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();

    HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw);

    gvUsers.RenderControl(htw);

    Response.Write(sw.ToString());

    Response.End();

    并且还需要override一下VerifyRenderingInServerForm方法(这一点非常重要,否则在点击按钮后会报错,译者注)代码如下:

    public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)

    {

    }

    点击导出按钮后会弹出对话框,询问您打开或保存。选择打开文件,导出到Excel的结果如下图:


    Exporting GridView to Excel With Style:

    您是否注意到了以上代码存在一些的问题?是的,ID列开头的0都被截去了。如果你的ID000345,导出后就编程了345。这个问题可以通过把css添加到输出流中来解决。为了使ID列正确显示,您需要将其储存为文本格式。Excel中的文本格式表示为"mso-number-format:"\@"

    protected void Btn_ExportClick(object sender, EventArgs e)

    {

    string style = @"<style> .text { } </script> ";

    Response.ClearContent();

    Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment; filename=MyExcelFile.xls");

    Response.ContentType = "application/excel";

    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();

    HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw);

    gvUsers.RenderControl(htw);

    // Style is added dynamically

    Response.Write(style);

    Response.Write(sw.ToString());

    Response.End();

    }

    public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)

    {

    }

     在上面的代码中,我通过”style”变量来控制GridView列的样式。并通过Respnose.Write方法将其添加到输出流中。最后把样式添加到ID列。这一步需要在RowDataBound事件中完成

    protected void gvUsers_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)

    有个开源的控件 NPOI - 一个能帮助你直接读写office文件流的库 (QQ交流群: 124527967)

    http://npoi.codeplex.com/

    教程地址NPOI 1.2教程(目录)

    部分介绍C#操作excel(NPOI篇) http://www.cnblogs.com/MR_ke/archive/2010/02/25/1673243.html

    使用JavaScript复制表格进Excel

    <script type="text/javascript">
    function toExcel(tablename) //导出到excel
    {
    //    var mysheet=new ActiveXObject("OWC.Spreadsheet");
    //    with(mysheet)
    //    {
    //        DataType = "HTMLData";
    //        HTMLData =tablename.outerHTML;
    //        try
    //        {
    //            ActiveSheet.Cells(1,1).value="";
    //            ActiveSheet.Cells(2,1).value="";
    //            // ActiveSheet.Cells(34,1).value="导出完毕";
    //            ActiveSheet.Export("导出.xls", 0);
    //            alert('导出完毕');
    //        };
    //        catch (e)
    //        {
    //            alert('导出Excel表失败,请确定已安装Excel2000(或更高版本),并且没打开同名xls文件');
    //        };
    //    }
        var curTbl = document.getElementById(tablename);
        var oXL = new ActiveXObject("Excel.Application");
        var oWB = oXL.Workbooks.Add();
        var oSheet = oWB.ActiveSheet;
        var sel = document.body.createTextRange();
        sel.moveToElementText(curTbl);
        sel.select();
        sel.execCommand("Copy");
        oSheet.Paste();
        oXL.Visible = true;

    }

    </script>

     string toExcel = "javascript:toExcel('tbKPI');return false;";
    btnExport.Attributes["onclick"] = toExcel;

    注意信任级别

    一.导入导出excel常用方法:

    1.用查询表的方式查询并show在数据集控件上。

    代码
    public static string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =C:\\08.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
    public static DataSet ds;
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {

    OleDbConnection conn
    = new OleDbConnection(strCon);
    string sql = "select * from [Sheet1$]";
    conn.Open();
    OleDbDataAdapter myCommand
    = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, strCon);
    ds
    = new DataSet();
    myCommand.Fill(ds,
    "[Sheet1$]");
    conn.Close();
    datagrid1.DataMember
    = "[Sheet1$]";
    datagrid1.DataSource
    = ds;
    datagrid1.DataBind();


    //Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();
    //excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);
    //excel.Visible = true;
    }

    2.一个一个单元格的进行插入

    代码
    1 string str = @"Data Source=IT-428E4EA4B0C7\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TestBase;Integrated Security=True";
    2 SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str);
    3 conn.Open();
    4 int n = 0;
    5 for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
    6 {
    7 if (n > 3)
    8 break;
    9 else
    10 if (msheet.Cells.get_Range("A" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString() == "" && n <= 3)
    11 { n++; }
    12 else
    13 {
    14  //循环获取excel单元格的值一次一次的插入,excuteSql为执行的存储过程
    15   excuteSql(msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
    16 msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 1
    ), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
    17 msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 2
    ), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
    18
    conn);
    19 i = i + 3;
    20
    21 }
    22 }
    23
    24 conn.Close();

    二快速导入导出

    1.我们都知道当向db里批量插入数据的时候我们会选择SqlBulkCopy

    if (dataTable!=null && dataTable.Rows.Count!=0)
                {
                    sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);
                }
     

    这个可以看 深山老林新发的一篇SQLServer中批量插入数据方式的性能对比下面是SqlBulkCopy的方法,这个方法有一个弊端就是当excel某一列即有文字,还有日期的时候,会出现null值,我在网上查了一些资料说连接字串加上;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'的时候会都当做字符处理,但是还是会出现一些bug,所以建议最好先把excel数据分析到datatable里然后再用SqlBulkCopy倒入数据库

      

     

    代码
    1 // block copy to DB from Excel
    2 //By xijun,
    3 //step 1 create an excel file C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\test.xls , fill cell(1,1) with "Data",cell(1,2) with "name"
    4 //step 2 create table named "Data" with 2 column ("data","name") in your DB
    5 //there the code below:
    6 DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
    7 Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());
    8 string ExcelFile = @"C:\\20090916_Hub_Report.xls";
    9 string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'";
    10
    11 using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))
    12 {
    13
    14 excelConnection.Open();
    15 //Getting source data
    16 //非空讀入數據
    17 OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand("Select [Region],[CustomerPN],[RMA],[Date],[QTY],[Return/Pull] FROM [20090916_Hub_Report$] ", excelConnection);
    18 // Initialize SqlBulkCopy object
    19
    20 using (OleDbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())
    21 {
    22 // Copy data to destination
    23 string sqlConnectionString = @"Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Integrated Security=True";
    24 using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))
    25 {
    26 bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "GDS_Hub_data";
    27 //加入只加入一個列的話,那么就會其他數據庫列都默認為空。
    28 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Region", "region");
    29 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("CustomerPN", "customer_item_number");
    30 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("RMA", "Rma");
    31 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Date", "date");
    32 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("QTY", "Qty_1");
    33 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Return/Pull", "return_pull");
    34 //bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数
    35 //bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数
    36 bulkCopy.BatchSize = 100;
    37 bulkCopy.NotifyAfter = 100;
    38 bulkCopy.WriteToServer((IDataReader)dr);
    39
    40
    41 }
    42 }
    43 //Closing connection
    44 excelConnection.Close();
    45 }
    46
    47 DateTime t2 = DateTime.Now;
    48 Response.Write("<br>End time:" + t2.ToString());
    49 Response.Write("<br>use time:" + ((TimeSpan)(t2 - t1)).Milliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds");
    50 Response.Write("<br>inser record count :3307");

     2.快速导出db的数据到excel

    这种方法就是利用

     Excel.QueryTables 
     Excel.QueryTable

    Querytable把数据快速导入excel里。我们在做复杂报表的时候,这个用的是比较多了,但是单单会这个没有用,它只是快速的把db里的数据放放到excel里,

    在做大量数据而且需要设定excel样式的时候我们会选择先用这种方法把数据导入excel一个临时sheet,再利sheet复制,sheet移动,和一些excel样式设定,以及

    excel一个强大的自动填充的功能,那么这些就可以让我们快速的做出花样多试的excel报表,当然这个要求我们比较熟练office的操作,包括宏的操作。

    代码
    1 public string query_table_getdata(string sourpath)
    2
    {
    3 string str_path = sourpath.Substring(0, sourpath.Length - 22
    );
    4 str_path = str_path + "basic.xls"
    ;
    5

    6 Excel.QueryTables m_objQryTables = null;
    7 Excel.QueryTable m_objQryTable = null
    ;
    8 Excel.Application m_objExcel = null
    ;
    9 Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null
    ;
    10 Excel.Workbook m_objBook = null
    ;
    11 Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null
    ;
    12 Excel.Worksheet m_objSheet = null
    ;
    13 Excel.Range m_objRange = null
    ;
    14 m_objExcel = new
    Excel.Application();
    15

    16 //try
    17 //{

    18 m_objBooks = m_objExcel.Workbooks;
    19
    m_objBooks.Open(sourpath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
    20
    Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    21

    22 m_objBook = (Excel.Workbook)m_objBooks.get_Item(1);
    23

    24
    25 m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;
    26 m_objSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)m_objSheets.get_Item(1
    );
    27 m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range("A2"
    , Type.Missing);
    28 m_objQryTables =
    m_objSheet.QueryTables;
    29 string sqlstr = "SELECT [day01],[day02],[day03],[day04],[day05],[day06],[day07],[day08],[day09],[day10],[day11],[day12],[day13],[day14]"
    ;
    30 sqlstr += ",[week01] ,[week02],[week03],[week04],[week05],[week06],[week07],[week08],[week09],[week10],[week11],[week12],[week13],[week14]"
    ;
    31 sqlstr += ",[week15],[week16],[week17],[week18],[week19],[week20],[week21],[week22],[week23],[week24]"
    ;
    32 sqlstr += " FROM [GDS_Service].[dbo].[GDS_Service_Report_Base] order by groupID ,id"
    ;
    33 //可以放在配置文件里

    34 string conn = @"Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;uid=xijun_ke;Password=12345678;
    Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Persist Security Info=False;";
    35

    36 m_objQryTable = (Excel.QueryTable)m_objQryTables.Add("OLEDB;" + conn, m_objRange, sqlstr);
    37

    38 m_objQryTable.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertEntireRows;
    39

    40 m_objQryTable.Refresh(false);
    41
    m_objBook.SaveAs(str_path, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    42 m_objBook.Close(false
    , Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    43 //
    }
    44 //
    catch (Exception ee)
    45 //
    {
    46 //
    mp.WriteLog(ee.ToString());
    47 //
    }
    48 //
    finally
    49 //{

    50 m_objExcel.Quit();
    51
    GC.Collect();
    52 //}

    53 return str_path;
    54

    55 }

    com操作excel的一些特性操作:

    range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";     //设置单元格格式为文本
    range = (Range)worksheet.get_Range("A1""E1");     //获取Excel多个单元格区域:本例做为Excel表头
    range.Merge(0);     //单元格合并动作
    worksheet.Cells[11= "Excel单元格赋值";     //Excel单元格赋值
    range.Font.Size = 15;     //设置字体大小
    range.Font.Underline=true;     //设置字体是否有下划线
    range.Font.Name="黑体";     设置字体的种类
    range.HorizontalAlignment
    =XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;     //设置字体在单元格内的对其方式
    range.ColumnWidth=15;     //设置单元格的宽度
    range.Cells.Interior.Color=System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255,204,153).ToArgb();     //设置单元格的背景色
    range.Borders.LineStyle=1;     //设置单元格边框的粗细
    range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb());     //给单元格加边框
    range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();     //自动调整列宽
    Range.HorizontalAlignment= xlCenter;     // 文本水平居中方式
    Range.VerticalAlignment= xlCenter     //文本垂直居中方式
    Range.WrapText=true;     //文本自动换行
    Range.Interior.ColorIndex=39;     //填充颜色为淡紫色
    Range.Font.Color=clBlue;     //字体颜色
    xlsApp.DisplayAlerts=false;     //保存Excel的时候,不弹出是否保存的窗口直接进行保存
       workbook.SaveCopyAs(temp);/**////填入完信息之后另存到路径及文件名字

    excel宏操作,sheet和单元格操作:

    代码
    1 /// <summary>
    2 /// 讀取excel數據和插入公式
    3 /// </summary>
    4 /// <param name="sender"></param>
    5 /// <param name="e"></param>
    6 protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    7 {
    8 DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
    9 Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());
    10 Excel.Application excelkk = new Excel.Application();
    11
    12 excelkk.Workbooks.Add(true);
    13 int row = 2;
    14 DataTable myTable = ds.Tables["[Sheet1$]"];
    15 for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Columns.Count; i++)
    16 {
    17 excelkk.Cells[1, 1 + i] = myTable.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString();
    18 }
    19 for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Rows.Count; i++)
    20 {
    21 for (int j = 0; j < myTable.Columns.Count; j++)
    22 {
    23 excelkk.Cells[row, j + 1] = myTable.Rows[i][j].ToString();
    24 }
    25
    26 row++;
    27 }
    28
    29
    30 //取得特定單元格的值
    31 excelkk.Visible = true;
    32 this.TextBoxChange.Text = excelkk.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing).Text.ToString();
    33 //表的單元格合并
    34 Excel.Range range1 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "D4");
    35 range1.Merge(Type.Missing);
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40 //想表格中插入求和的值
    41 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);
    42 range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";
    43 range2.Calculate();
    44
    45 //進行宏的循環應用與單元格的刪除和添加,多個單元格默認宏自動操作。
    46 Excel.Range range3 = excelkk.get_Range("B25","E25");
    47 range2.AutoFill(range3,Excel.XlAutoFillType.xlFillDefault);
    48 //刪除表的指定行數操作
    49 Excel.Range range7 = null;
    50 range7 = excelkk.get_Range(excelkk.Cells[2, 2], excelkk.Cells[4, 4]);
    51 range7.Select();
    52 range7.EntireRow.Delete(Excel.XlDirection.xlUp);
    53
    54 //獲取最大用過的行數
    55 Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelkk.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
    56 int n =wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;
    57 Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");
    58 //MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
    59 n = wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
    60 Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");
    61 //MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
    62 //數據的複製
    63 Excel.Range range4 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "B25");
    64 Excel.Range range5 = excelkk.get_Range("E3", "F25");
    65 //range4.get_Offset(1,4).Select();
    66 range4.Copy(range5);
    67 //停用警告信息
    68 excelkk.DisplayAlerts = false;
    69 GC.Collect();
    70
    71 }
    72
    73
    74 單個sheet里求和:
    75 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);
    76 range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";
    77 range2.Calculate();
    78
    79 跨sheet求和:
    80 Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelSql.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
    81 Excel.Range range3 =wsheet1.get_Range("A23", Type.Missing);
    82 range3.Formula = "=Sheet3!B8+Sheet3!B12";
    83 range3.Calculate();
    84

             虽然我们拥有强大的NPOI,不过我还是写出来,希望对大家理解office有一定的用处。

    有错误的地方欢迎大家拍砖,希望交流和共享。

    在ASP.NET中使用Excel类读取Excel文件数据时,会碰到一些奇怪问题,例如“无法读取”等,一般是由于ASP.NET帐户没有操作Excel的权限等原因造成的。解决方法如下:


        运行dcomcnfg(DCOM Config), 在列表中选择Microsoft Excel应用程序,查看属性,身份验证级别选"无",身份标识选"交互式用户",安全性页面,启动和访问均给everyone。(选择安全性选项,编辑可以启动应用程序的用户和更改应用程序配置的用户,在用户中添加ASP.NEt帐户。然后重新启动计算机)(必须,否则仍然无法使用Excel类)。


        做如上配置以后,即可以使用如下方法把Excel中的数据读取到一个DataSet中:

    public static DataSet ReadExcel2DataSet(string filePath)
    {

       //新建Excel应用程序对象,用于操作Excel
       Excel.Application app = new Excel.ApplicationClass();

       try
       {  

           //打开Excel文件
           app.Workbooks.Open  (filePath,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,
         Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value);

        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        for(int i=1; i<=app.Worksheets.Count; i++)
        {
           Excel.Worksheet worksheet = app.Worksheets[i] as Excel.Worksheet;
           Excel.Range rngUsed = worksheet.UsedRange;

           DataTable dt = new DataTable();
           ds.Tables.Add(dt);
           for(int j=0; j<rngUsed.Columns.Count; j++)
           {
             dt.Columns.Add();
           }
            
           object[,] table = ((Excel.Range)rngUsed.Rows).Value2 as object[,];
           if(table == null)
           {
              continue;
           }

           for(int m=1; m<=table.GetLength(0); m++)
           {
             DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
             dt.Rows.Add(dr);     
             for(int n=1; n<=dt.Columns.Count; n++)
             {
               dr[n-1] = table.GetValue(m,n);
             }
           }
        }

        app.Workbooks[1].Close(Missing.Value,Missing.Value,Missing.Value);   
        return ds;
       }
       catch
       {   
         throw;   
       }
       finally
       {
         app.Quit();
       }
      }

    本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/gentle_wolf/archive/2008/11/27/3394452.aspx

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ceci/p/1833344.html
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