poj 3264（简单线段树）

思路很明确，直接用线段树.

Balanced Lineup

Time Limit: 5000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 26161		Accepted: 12250
Case Time Limit: 2000MS

Description

For the daily milking, Farmer John's N cows (1 ≤ N ≤ 50,000) always line up in the same order. One day Farmer John decides to organize a game of Ultimate Frisbee with some of the cows. To keep things simple, he will take a contiguous range of cows from the milking lineup to play the game. However, for all the cows to have fun they should not differ too much in height.

Farmer John has made a list of Q (1 ≤ Q ≤ 200,000) potential groups of cows and their heights (1 ≤ height ≤ 1,000,000). For each group, he wants your help to determine the difference in height between the shortest and the tallest cow in the group.

Input

Line 1: Two space-separated integers, N and Q. 
Lines 2..N+1: Line i+1 contains a single integer that is the height of cow i 
Lines N+2..N+Q+1: Two integers A and B (1 ≤ A ≤ B ≤ N), representing the range of cows from A to B inclusive.

Output

Lines 1..Q: Each line contains a single integer that is a response to a reply and indicates the difference in height between the tallest and shortest cow in the range.

Sample Input

6 3
1
7
3
4
2
5
1 5
4 6
2 2

Sample Output

6
3
0

Source

USACO 2007 January Silver

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define N 50050
#define INF 0x3fffffff
int n,q;

struct node
{
    int b,d;
    int mx,mi; 
    node* Tl;
    node* Tr;
}edge[10*N];

int cnt;

node *Tbuild(int s,int t)
{
    node* tmp=&edge[cnt++];
    tmp->mi=INF;
    tmp->mx=-1;
    tmp->Tl=tmp->Tr=NULL;
    tmp->b=s; tmp->d=t;
    int mid=(s+t)/2;
    if(s!=t)
    {
        tmp->Tl=Tbuild(s,mid);
        tmp->Tr=Tbuild(mid+1,t);
    }
    return tmp;
}

node* head;

void insert(node* tmp,int s,int k)
{
    if(s>tmp->mx) tmp->mx=s;
    if(s<tmp->mi) tmp->mi=s;
    if(tmp->b==tmp->d&&tmp->d==k)  return ;
    int mid = (tmp->b+tmp->d)/2;
    if(k<=mid)
    {
        insert(tmp->Tl,s,k);
    }
    else insert(tmp->Tr,s,k);
}

int findmx(node * tmp,int s,int t)
{
    if(tmp->b==s&&tmp->d==t)
    {
        return tmp->mx;
    }
    int mid=(tmp->b+tmp->d)/2;
    if(s>mid) return findmx(tmp->Tr,max(mid+1,s),t);
    if(t<=mid) return findmx(tmp->Tl,s,min(mid,t));
    return max(findmx(tmp->Tl,s,mid),findmx(tmp->Tr,mid+1,t));
}

int findmi(node * tmp,int s,int t)
{
    if(tmp->b==s&&tmp->d==t)
    {
        return tmp->mi;
    }
    int mid=(tmp->b+tmp->d)/2;
    if(s>mid) return findmi(tmp->Tr,max(mid+1,s),t);
    if(t<=mid) return findmi(tmp->Tl,s,min(mid,t));
    return min(findmi(tmp->Tl,s,mid),findmi(tmp->Tr,mid+1,t));
}

int main()
{
    cnt=0;
    scanf("%d%d",&n,&q);
    head=Tbuild(1,n);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        int x;
        scanf("%d",&x);
        insert(head,x,i);
    }
    for(int i=0;i<q;i++)
    {
        int x,y;
        scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
        int tx,ti;
        tx=findmx(head,x,y);
        ti=findmi(head,x,y);
        printf("%d\n",tx-ti);
    }
    return 0;
}