1．为主机增加80G SCSI 接口硬盘
2．划分三个各20G的主分区
[root@localhost chen]# fdisk /dev/sdb
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p //默认为主分区primary
分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：
起始 扇区 (2048-167772159，默认为 2048)：
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-167772159，默认为 167772159)：+20G
分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 20 GiB
…
[root@localhost chen]# partx /dev/sdb
NR START END SECTORS SIZE NAME UUID
1 2048 41945087 41943040 20G
2 41945088 83888127 41943040 20G
3 83888128 125831167 41943040 20G
3．将三个主分区转换为物理卷（pvcreate），扫描系统中的物理卷
[root@localhost chen]# pvscan //扫描当前系统中的物理卷
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<39.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
Total: 1 [<39.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<39.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
[root@localhost chen]# pvcreate /dev/sdb[123] //把/dev/sdb下的分区123创建为物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.
[root@localhost chen]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<39.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdb2 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdb3 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
Total: 4 [<99.00 GiB] /in use: 1 [<39.00 GiB] / in no VG: 3 [60.00 GiB]
4．使用两个物理卷创建卷组，名字为myvg，查看卷组大小
[root@localhost chen]# vgscan //扫描当前系统中的卷组
Reading volume groups from cache.
Found volume group "centos" using metadata type lvm2
[root@localhost chen]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb[12] //用物理卷/dev/sdb1和/dev/sdb2创建卷组myvg
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@localhost chen]# vgscan
Reading volume groups from cache.
Found volume group "centos" using metadata type lvm2
Found volume group "myvg" using metadata type lvm2
[root@localhost chen]# vgdisplay myvg //显示卷组myvg的信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 39.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 10238
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB
VG UUID iIisQE-rwE8-dR41-YRFn-cNmv-eGtt-gbiZtw
5．创建逻辑卷mylv，大小为30G
[root@localhost chen]# lvscan //扫描当前系统中的逻辑卷
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/swap' [3.00 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/root' [35.99 GiB] inherit
[root@localhost chen]# lvcreate -L 30G -n mylv myvg //利用卷组myvg，创建逻辑卷mylv，指定的容量大小为30G
Logical volume "mylv" created.
[root@localhost chen]# lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/swap' [3.00 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/root' [35.99 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/myvg/mylv' [30.00 GiB] inherit
6．将逻辑卷格式化成xfs文件系统，并挂载到/data目录上，创建文件测试
[root@localhost chen]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost chen]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv //将逻辑卷格式化成xfs文件系统
meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1966080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7864320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=3840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost chen]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /data //把逻辑卷mylv挂载到/data下
[root@localhost chen]# touch /data/cs
[root@localhost chen]# vi /data/cs
[root@localhost chen]# cat /data/cs
fuhcvgfggffffffffffas
asfasfv
tqw
g'
erhfns
nengf
nngf
7．增大逻辑卷到35G
[root@localhost chen]# lvextend -L 35G /dev/myvg/mylv //增大逻辑卷到35G（逻辑卷的最大容量大小来源于卷组的大小）
Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 30.00 GiB (7680 extents) to 35.00 GiB (8960 extents).
Logical volume myvg/mylv successfully resized.
[root@localhost chen]# lvdisplay /dev/myvg/mylv //显示逻辑卷mylv的信息
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv
LV Name mylv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID 3QF5Vv-n2Aq-l89C-Avif-04SP-n8C5-qiSkyf
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-01 17:22:12 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 35.00 GiB
Current LE 8960
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
8．编辑/etc/fstab文件挂载逻辑卷，并支持磁盘配额选项
[root@localhost chen]# vi /etc/fstab
// mount -o defaults,usrquota,grpquota /data （用命令使其支持磁盘配额选项mount -o）
9．创建磁盘配额，crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件大小软限制为80M，硬限制为100M，
crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件数量软限制为80个，硬限制为100个。
[root@localhost chen]# mount -o defaults,usrquota,grpquota /data
[root@localhost chen]# quotacheck -uv /data //在/data下针对用户扫描文件系统并建立Qutoa的记录文件（u），显示其详细信息（v）
quotacheck: Skipping /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]
quotacheck: Cannot find filesystem to check or filesystem not mounted with quota option.
[root@localhost chen]# quotaon /data //开启quota服务
quotaon: Enforcing group quota already on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
quotaon: Enforcing user quota already on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
[root@localhost chen]# edquota -u crushlinux //编辑用户的限制值
[root@localhost chen]# quota -uvs crushlinux //查看用户crushlinux的quota报表
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 1001):
Filesystem space quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
0K 80000K 100000K 1 80 100
[root@localhost chen]# repquota -uvs /data //查看/data文件系统的限额报表
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
Space limits File limits
User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root -- 16K 0K 0K 4 0 0
crushlinux -- 0K 80000K 100000K 1 80 100
#777 -- 0K 0K 0K 1 0 0
*** Status for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Accounting: ON; Enforcement: ON
Inode: #67 (3 blocks, 3 extents)
10．使用touch dd 命令在/data目录下测试
[crushlinux@localhost chen]$ touch /data/a{1..111} //创建目录测试配额限制
touch: 无法创建"/data/a101": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a102": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a103": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a104": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a105": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a106": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a107": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a108": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a109": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a110": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a111": 超出磁盘限额
[crushlinux@localhost chen]$dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/qqq bs=1M count=101 //测试容量配额限制
dd: 写入"/data/qqq" 出错: 超出磁盘限额
记录了98+0 的读入
记录了97+0 的写出
101711872字节(102 MB)已复制，0.368447 秒，276 MB/秒
11．查看配额的使用情况：用户角度
[crushlinux@localhost chen]$ quota -uvs crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 1001):
Filesystem space quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
0K 80000K 100000K 1 80 100
12．查看配额的使用情况：文件系统角度
[root@localhost chen]# repquota -uvs /data
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
Space limits File limits
User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root -- 16K 0K 0K 4 0 0
crushlinux -- 0K 80000K 100000K 1 80 100
#777 -- 0K 0K 0K 1 0 0
*** Status for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Accounting: ON; Enforcement: ON
Inode: #67 (3 blocks, 3 extents)