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  • 在linux上部署Redmine

    0. 简介

    0.1 基础概念

    [Redmine] Redmine是用Ruby开发的基于web的项目管理软件,是用ROR框架开发的一套跨平台项目管理系统,据说是源于Basecamp的ror版而来,支持多种数据库,有不少自己独特的功能,例如提供wiki、新闻台等,还可以集成其他版本管理系统和BUG跟踪系统,例如SVN、CVS、TD等等。(百度百科)

    [Ruby on Rails] Ruby on Rails 是一个可以使你开发,部署,维护 web 应用程序变得简单的框架。(百度百科)

    0.2 本文说明

    1)本文没有使用apt-get和yum命令,所以对于各种linux的发行版本都适用,包括ubuntu,fedora,centos,redhat等。

    2)作者在32位和64位系统下均测试成功,本文提供的方法支持32位和64位系统,有不同的地方在文中都已标明。

    3)本文支持两个Redmine版本,分别是1.1.0和1.2.2,细微差别也在文中说明,请读者按照1.2资源下载表格中对应的版本进行安装,因为Redmine对于版本是敏感的,必须是特定版本,不能过高也不能过低,其他组合不保证部署成功。

    4)作者在写作本文的时候Redmine已出另一个更新版本1.3.0,后续本文会作相应更新。

    5)有任何问题,欢迎留言或发邮件沟通。

    1. 环境 & 资源下载

    1.1 环境

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 3) 64bit

    GCC 3.4.5

    1.2 资源下载

    MySQL 5.1.60 (http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.1.html)

    Apache httpd server 2.2.21 (http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi)

    redmine

    1.2.2

    1.1.0

    http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=1850

    ruby

    1.8.7

    1.8.7

    http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8/ 
    或 http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=426

    rubygems

    1.6.2

    1.3.7

    http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=126

    rake

    0.8.7

    0.8.7

     

    rack

    1.1.1

    1.0.1

     

    rails

    2.3.11

    2.3.5

     

    zlib 1.2.5 (http://www.zlib.org/)

    i18n 0.4.2

    mysql-ruby 2.8.2 (http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=4550)

    passenger 3.0.11 (http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=5873)

    openssl 0.9.8k (http://www.openssl.org/source/)

    curl 7.23.1 (http://curl.haxx.se/)

    Run the following commands to get some gem files:

    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rake-0.8.7.gem
    
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rack-1.1.1.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rails-2.3.11.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activesupport-2.3.11.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activerecord-2.3.11.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionpack-2.3.11.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionmailer-2.3.11.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activeresource-2.3.11.gem
    
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rack-1.0.1.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rails-2.3.5.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activesupport-2.3.5.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activerecord-2.3.5.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionpack-2.3.5.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activeresource-2.3.5.gem
    
    wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/i18n-0.4.2.gem

    你可以和本文附录6.4的下载文件列表进行对比。

    2. 步骤

    2.0 添加环境变量

    打开用户目录下的.bashrc文件

    vim ~/.bashrc

    在.bashrc文件中添加下面两行:

    export CYN_USR="$HOME/usr"
    export CYN_DOWNLOAD="$HOME/download"

    执行下面的语句使环境变量设置立即生效,而不用重启

    source ~/.bashrc

    注意!!! 你完全不必使用$CYN_USR和$CYN_DOWNLOAD,它们只是方便我后面的操作以及目录描述,强烈推荐大家使用绝对路径。在本文中,$CYN_USR表示我的程序安装目录,就像windows系统中的C:\Program Files目录一样,$CYN_DOWNLOAD是我下载安装包的保存路径。

    32位还是64位??? 本文的演示是在64位linux上做的,但我也在32位机器上部署过Redmine,步骤上是一样的。唯一的不同就是MySQL的安装包不一样,有32位和64位之分,它们的下载地址是相同的。还有一些软件采用源代码安装方式,也避免了选择32位还是64位的问题。其他基于ruby的软件,因为ruby的跨平台性安装包和部署方法没有差别。

    $CYN_DOWNLOAD文件列表 作者的$CYN_DOWNLOAD目录内容见本文的附录6.4。

    2.1 安装MySQL

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
    (或者在32位系统中  tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz)
    ln -s mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23 mysql
    (或者在32位系统中  ln -s mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23 mysql)
    cd mysql
    scripts/mysql_install_db --user=work

    其中,work是你的linux用户名,有的文章说新建一个mysql用户组和一个mysql用户,读者可以尝试

    安装后MySQL会有提示,参考本文附录6.1

    开启MySQL服务:

    $CYN_USR/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

    关闭MySQL服务:

    $CYN_USR/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p SHUTDOWN

    2.2 安装Apache Http服务器

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
    cd httpd-2.2.21
    ./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/httpd
    make
    make install

    开启、关闭、重启apache服务器:

    $CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl start
    $CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
    $CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl restart

    2.3 安装Ruby

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
    cd ruby-1.8.7-p174
    ./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/ruby
    make
    make install

    2.4 为MySQL、Apache、Ruby添加环境变量

    vim ~/.bashrc

    在用户目录下的.bashrc文件中添加下面几行内容:

    export MYSQL_HOME="$CYN_USR/mysql"
    export HTTPD_HOME="$CYN_USR/httpd"
    export RUBY_HOME="$CYN_USR/ruby"
    export PATH="$PATH:$RUBY_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/lib:$HTTPD_HOME/bin"

    执行下面语句让配置立即生效:

    source ~/.bashrc

    2.5 安装Rubygems

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
    cd rubygems-1.6.2
    ruby setup.rb

    2.6 安装zlib

    这个包应该是和解压.gem包有关

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz
    cd zlib-1.2.5
    ./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/zlib
    make
    make test
    make install
    cd $CYN_USR/ruby-1.8.7-p174/ext/zlib
    ruby extconf.rb --with-zlib-include=$CYN_USR/zlib/include --with-zlib-lib=$CYN_USR/zlib/lib/
    make
    make install

    2.7 安装Rake、Rack和Rails

    如果你要配置Redmine-1.2.2,请安装rails-2.3.11,act*-2.3.11.gem会自动安装,但要保证和rails-2.3.11.gem在同一个目录下:

    cd $CYN_DOWNLOAD
    gem install --local rake-0.8.7.gem
    gem install --local rack-1.1.1.gem
    gem install --local rails-2.3.11.gem

    如果你要配置Redmine-1.1.0,请安装rails-2.3.5:

    cd $CYN_DOWNLOAD
    gem install --local rake-0.8.7.gem
    gem install --local rack-1.0.1.gem
    gem install --local activesupport-2.3.5.gem
    gem install --local activerecord-2.3.5.gem
    gem install --local actionpack-2.3.5.gem
    gem install --local actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
    gem install --local activeresource-2.3.5.gem
    gem install --local rails-2.3.5.gem

    2.8 安装i18n

    gem  install --local i18n-0.4.2.gem

    2.9 配置MySQL

    新建一个名为redmine的数据库,新建一个名为redmine的用户,密码是redminepwd,并赋予对名为redmine的数据库的所有权限

    mysql -u root -p
    CREATE DATABASE redmine CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
    CREATE USER 'redmine'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'redminepwd';
    GRANT ALL ON redmine.* TO 'redmine'@'localhost';

    2.10 安装MySQL-Ruby

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-ruby-2.8.2.tar.gz
    cd mysql-ruby-2.8.2
    ruby extconf.rb --with-mysql-dir=$CYN_USR/mysql
    make
    ruby ./test.rb -- localhost redmine redminepwd redmine 3306 $CYN_USR/mysql/mysql.sock
    make install

    2.11 安装Openssl

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz
    cd openssl-0.9.8k
    ./config --prefix=$CYN_USR/openssl
    make
    make test
    make install
    cd $CYN_USR/ruby-1.8.7-p174/ext/openssl
    ruby extconf.rb --with-openssl-include=$CYN_USR/openssl/include/ --with-openssl-lib=$CYN_USR/openssl/lib/
    make
    make install

    2.12 安装cURL

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/curl-7.23.1.tar.gz
    cd curl-7.23.1
    ./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/curl --with-ssl=$CYN_USR/openssl --with-zlib=$CYN_USR/zlib
    make
    make test (optional)
    make install

    在./configure后有提示语句,见本文附录6.3

    2.13 为cURL、OpenSSL、zlib添加环境变量

    vim ~/.bashrc

    在用户目录下的.bashrc文件中添加下面几行内容:

    export ZLIB_HOME="$CYN_USR/zlib"
    export OPENSSL_HOME="$CYN_USR/openssl"
    export CURL_HOME="$CYN_USR/curl"
    export CPATH="$CURL_HOME/include:$ZLIB_HOME/include:$OPENSSL_HOME/include:$CPATH"
    export PATH="$CURL_HOME/bin:$OPENSSL_HOME/bin:$PATH"

    执行下面语句让配置立即生效:

    source ~/.bashrc

    2.14 安装Passenger

    passenger可以让apache服务器搭载ruby on rails网站

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/passenger-3.0.11.tar.gz
    cd passenger-3.0.11
    ./bin/passenger-install-apache2-module

    安装完成后会有类似附录6.2的提示

    2.15 安装Redmine

    cd $CYN_USR
    tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/redmine-1.2.2.tar.gz

    2.16 配置Redmine

    主要是配置数据库

    cd $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2
    cp config/database.yml.example config/database.yml
    vim config/database.yml

    在config/database.yml文件中,修改production/development/test节的内容,填写数据库信息,下面是production节的示例

    production:
      adapter: mysql
      database: redmine
      host: localhost
      username: redmine
      password: redminepwd
      encoding: utf8
      socket: $CYN_USR/mysql/mysql.sock

    执行下面三条语句,初始化数据库,建立表结构,并且写入相应数据

    rake generate_session_store
    RAILS_ENV=production rake db:migrate
    RAILS_ENV=production rake redmine:load_default_data

    可以执行下面的语句在rails自带服务器webrick上测试redmine

    ruby script/server webrick -p 3000 -e production

    2.17 配置Apache Server

    在$CYN_USR/httpd/conf/httpd.conf文件中添加下面内容,注意把$CYN_USR换成你的绝对路径

    LoadModule passenger_module $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
    PassengerRoot $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11
    PassengerRuby $CYN_USR/ruby/bin/ruby
    
    Listen 8085
    <VirtualHost *:8085>
       ServerName www.yourhost.com
       DocumentRoot $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2/public
       <Directory $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2/public>
          AllowOverride all
          Options -MultiViews
          Options Indexes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
          Order allow,deny
          Allow from all
       </Directory>
    </VirtualHost>

    2.18 测试网站

    在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8085/

    3. 可能遇到的问题

    本部分内容有待添加,欢迎读者留言与我讨论

    3.1 MySQL安装出现权限问题

    我在CentOS上测试的时候,发现无法使用低权限用户把MySQL安装到redmine要安装的目录下,只有使用root用户将MySQL安装到/usr/local/mysql目录下,也就是安装包里面说的方法,代码如下(注意,需要root用户来执行):

    4. 引用

    [1] http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/RedmineInstall

    [2] http://www.cnblogs.com/wuchang/archive/2011/10/04/2199018.html

    5. 更多信息

    5.1 官方网站

    [1] http://www.redmine.org/

    [2] http://rubyonrails.org/

    [3] http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/

    [4] http://httpd.apache.org/

    [5] http://www.mysql.com/

    [6] http://rack.rubyforge.org/

    [7] http://tmtm.org/en/mysql/ruby/

    [8] http://curl.haxx.se/

    5.2 Wikis

    [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redmine

    [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails

    [3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)

    5.3 Windows上的安装

    方法一:

    安装instantrails(http://rubyforge.org/projects/instantrails)是一种方式,但是不推荐,会出现路径错误,因为它的开发者是在D盘下打的包,经过测试路径可能写死了,不方便我们移到别的文件夹下

    将下载的InstantRails-2.0-win.zip文件解压到不包含空格的目录下,推荐系统盘根目录

    方法二:

    (1)安装MySQL

    推荐5.1版本(http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.1.html

    (2)安装ruby

    下载地址:http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=167

    (3)安装rubygems

    同linux

    (4)安装rake、rack、rails

    同linux

    (5)安装i18n

    同linux

    (6)安装mysql-ruby

    下载地址:http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=1598

    下载文件:mysql-2.8.1-x86-mswin32.gem

    在cmd下运行

    gem install --local mysql-2.8.1-x86-mswin32.gem

    然后拷贝下的$MYSQL_HOME/lib/libmysql.dll文件到$RUBY_HOME/bin/目录下

    6. 附录

    6.1 安装MySQL的提示

    Installing MySQL system tables...
    OK
    Filling help tables...
    OK
    
    To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
    support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
    
    PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
    To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
    
    ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
    ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h your_host_name password 'new-password'
    
    Alternatively you can run:
    ./bin/mysql_secure_installation
    
    which will also give you the option of removing the test
    databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
    strongly recommended for production servers.
    
    See the manual for more instructions.
    
    You can start the MySQL daemon with:
    cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
    
    You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
    cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
    
    Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!

    6.2 安装Passenger的提示

    --------------------------------------------
    The Apache 2 module was successfully installed.
    
    Please edit your Apache configuration file, and add these lines:
    
       LoadModule passenger_module $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
       PassengerRoot $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11
       PassengerRuby $CYN_USR/ruby/bin/ruby
    
    After you restart Apache, you are ready to deploy any number of Ruby on Rails
    applications on Apache, without any further Ruby on Rails-specific
    configuration!
    
    Press ENTER to continue.
    
    --------------------------------------------
    Deploying a Ruby on Rails application: an example
    
    Suppose you have a Rails application in /somewhere. Add a virtual host to your
    Apache configuration file and set its DocumentRoot to /somewhere/public:
    
       <VirtualHost *:80>
          ServerName www.yourhost.com
          DocumentRoot /somewhere/public    # <-- be sure to point to 'public'!
          <Directory /somewhere/public>
             AllowOverride all              # <-- relax Apache security settings
             Options -MultiViews            # <-- MultiViews must be turned off
          </Directory>
       </VirtualHost>
    
    And that's it! You may also want to check the Users Guide for security and
    optimization tips, troubleshooting and other useful information:
    
      $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/doc/Users guide Apache.html
    
    Enjoy Phusion Passenger, a product of Phusion (www.phusion.nl) :-)
    http://www.modrails.com/
    
    Phusion Passenger is a trademark of Hongli Lai & Ninh Bui.

    6.3 安装cURL的提示

      curl version:    7.23.1
      Host setup:      i686-pc-linux-gnu
      Install prefix:  /home/yineng/usr/curl
      Compiler:        gcc
      SSL support:     enabled (OpenSSL)
      SSH support:     no      (--with-libssh2)
      zlib support:    enabled
      krb4 support:    no      (--with-krb4*)
      GSSAPI support:  no      (--with-gssapi)
      SPNEGO support:  no      (--with-spnego)
      TLS-SRP support: no      (--enable-tls-srp)
      resolver:        default (--enable-ares / --enable-threaded-resolver)
      ipv6 support:    enabled
      IDN support:     no      (--with-libidn)
      Build libcurl:   Shared=yes, Static=yes
      Built-in manual: enabled
      Verbose errors:  enabled (--disable-verbose)
      SSPI support:    no      (--enable-sspi)
      ca cert bundle:  /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
      ca cert path:    no
      LDAP support:    no      (--enable-ldap / --with-ldap-lib / --with-lber-lib)
      LDAPS support:   no      (--enable-ldaps)
      RTSP support:    enabled
      RTMP support:    no      (--with-librtmp)
      Protocols:       DICT FILE FTP FTPS GOPHER HTTP HTTPS IMAP IMAPS POP3 POP3S RTSP SMTP SMTPS TELNET TFTP

    6.4 目录$CYN_DOWNLOAD下的文件列表

    actionmailer-2.3.11.gem
    actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
    actionpack-2.3.11.gem
    actionpack-2.3.5.gem
    activerecord-2.3.11.gem
    activerecord-2.3.5.gem
    activeresource-2.3.11.gem
    activeresource-2.3.5.gem
    activesupport-2.3.11.gem
    activesupport-2.3.5.gem
    curl-7.23.1.tar.gz
    httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
    i18n-0.4.2.gem
    mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
    mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
    mysql-ruby-2.8.2.tar.gz
    openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz
    passenger-3.0.11.tar.gz
    rack-1.0.1.gem
    rack-1.1.1.gem
    rails-2.3.11.gem
    rails-2.3.5.gem
    rake-0.8.7.gem
    redmine-1.2.2.tar.gz
    ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
    rubygems-1.3.7.tgz
    rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
    zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz

    本文的英文版:http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyineng/archive/2011/12/21/2295984.html

    OK, 这就是Redmine部署的全部内容,恭喜你完成Redmine的部署,感谢你的阅读!

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/chenyineng/p/2297533.html
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