c#进阶（4）—— Redis 用于消息队列的存储

1、参考的博文

a : http://www.cnblogs.com/lori/archive/2012/04/12/2443708.html —— 主要的实现思路

b:  http://www.cnblogs.com/liqingwen/archive/2017/04/06/6672452.html —— RedisHelper 类

c : https://www.cnblogs.com/stopfalling/p/5375492.html —— 应用场景说明

2、原理说明

    博文a 中的老师，提供了Redis 实现消息队列的整体思路，言简意赅，但部分类库a 老师并未提供，因此我参照了博文b 中老师的RedisHelper 类，主要借鉴的方法为ListLeftPop及ListRightPush,及实现消息队列的核心思想，先进先出。

    博文c 中老师详细介绍了几种消息队列的 业务场景，是我所看的所有业务场景描述中最为详细，清晰的，结合博文a 老师的整体思路，对消息队列的实现上有了较为清晰的认识。

整体思路在博文a 中老师已经介绍，及依靠 mvc 框架，通过web端用户提交事件，实现消息入列，通过定时器（Timer）实现按照时间间隔的消息出列，Redis 作为存储媒介，存储消

息内容。

3、具体实现

3.1 前期准备

（1）开发工具：VS 2017；redis-desktop-manager 客户端；Redis版本：Redis-x64-3.2.100

（2）新建MVC5 框架，配置 web.config 文件，RouteConfig文件

       a、新建MVC5 框架

         b、配置web.config 文件（Default key 主要用于区别不同的key值，此处使用了解决方法名称）

　　  c、配置路由（使用经典模式即可，路由的详细配置说明可参见我的另一篇博文 ）

　　

（3）目前.net 框架中支持Redis 的dll包括ServiceStackRedis 及 StackExchange，前者下载地址在Git hub 上，但该类库在6000并发后会抛出license exception 的异常。因此

我此次使用的dll 为基于微软的StackExchage dll,该dll的下载方式是，在NuGet中，找到StackExchage.Redis 类包，下载即可，见下图。

（4）创建消息实体对象，如下图所示

 

（此处userId 为 字符型，int 型在序列化时，会出现异常，请注意。）

 3.2 引入Redis 类库，此部分未做大量修改，代码拷贝自 博文b 

using System;
using System.Linq;
using StackExchange.Redis;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace MVC5Project.Redis.BaseOnStackExchage
{
    public class RedisHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 连接字符串
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly string ConnectionString;
        /// <summary>
        /// redis 连接对象
        /// </summary>
        private static IConnectionMultiplexer _connMultiplexer;
        /// <summary>
        /// 默认的key值（用来当作RedisKey的前缀）【此部分为自行修改的，无意义】
        /// </summary>
        public static string DefaultKey { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 锁
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly object Locker = new object();
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据库访问对象
        /// </summary>
        private readonly IDatabase _db;
        /// <summary>
        /// 采用双重锁单例模式，保证数据访问对象有且仅有一个
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IConnectionMultiplexer GetConnectionRedisMultiplexer()
        {
            if ((_connMultiplexer == null || !_connMultiplexer.IsConnected))
            {
                lock (Locker)
                {
                    if ((_connMultiplexer == null || !_connMultiplexer.IsConnected))
                    {
                        _connMultiplexer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(ConnectionString);
                    }
                }
            }
            return _connMultiplexer;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加事务处理
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ITransaction GetTransaction()
        {
            //创建事务
            return _db.CreateTransaction();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 静态的构造函数,
        /// 构造函数是属于类的，而不是属于实例的
        /// 就是说这个构造函数只会被执行一次。也就是在创建第一个实例或引用任何静态成员之前，由.NET自动调用。
        /// </summary>
        static RedisHelper()
        {
            ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["RedisConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
            _connMultiplexer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(ConnectionString);
            DefaultKey = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Redis.DefaultKey"];
            RegisterEvent();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 重载构造器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="db"></param>
        public RedisHelper(int db = -1)
        {
            _db = _connMultiplexer.GetDatabase(db);
        }

        #region private method
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加 key 的前缀
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string AddKeyPrefix(string key)
        {
            return $"{DefaultKey}:{key}";
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 序列化
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static byte[] Serialize(object obj)
        {
            try
            {
                if (obj == null)
                    return null;
                var binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
                using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    binaryFormatter.Serialize(memoryStream, obj);
                    var data = memoryStream.ToArray();
                    return data;
                }
            }
            catch (SerializationException ex) 
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 反序列化
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static T Deserialize<T>(byte[] data)
        {
            if (data == null)
                return default(T);
            var binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream(data))
            {
                var result = (T)binaryFormatter.Deserialize(memoryStream);
                return result;
            }
        }
        #endregion 

        #region stringGet 
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置key，并保存字符串（如果key 已存在，则覆盖）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <param name="expried"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool StringSet(string redisKey, string redisValue, TimeSpan? expried = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.StringSet(redisKey, redisValue, expried);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 保存多个key-value
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyValuePairs"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool StringSet(IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>> keyValuePairs)
        {
            keyValuePairs =
                keyValuePairs.Select(x => new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>(AddKeyPrefix(x.Key), x.Value));
            return _db.StringSet(keyValuePairs.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string StringGet(string redisKey, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            try
            {
                redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
                return _db.StringGet(redisKey);
            }
            catch (TypeAccessException ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 存储一个对象，该对象会被序列化存储
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool StringSet<T>(string redisKey, T redisValue, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            var json = Serialize(redisKey);
            return _db.StringSet(redisKey, json, expired);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取一个对象(会进行反序列化)
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T StringSet<T>(string redisKey, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(_db.StringGet(redisKey));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 保存一个字符串值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> StringSetAsync(string redisKey, string redisValue, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.StringSetAsync(redisKey, redisValue, expired);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 保存一个字符串值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyValuePairs"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> StringSetAsync(IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>> keyValuePairs)
        {
            keyValuePairs
                = keyValuePairs.Select(x => new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>(AddKeyPrefix(x.Key), x.Value));
            return await _db.StringSetAsync(keyValuePairs.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取单个值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<string> StringGetAsync(string redisKey, string redisValue, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.StringGetAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 存储一个对象（该对象会被序列化保存）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> StringSetAsync<T>(string redisKey, string redisValue, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            var json = Serialize(redisValue);
            return await _db.StringSetAsync(redisKey, json, expired);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取一个对象（反序列化）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<T> StringGetAsync<T>(string redisKey, string redisValue, TimeSpan? expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(await _db.StringGetAsync(redisKey));
        }
        #endregion

        #region  string operation
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断字段是否在hash中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool HashExist(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashExists(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从hash 中删除字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool HashDelete(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashDelete(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从hash中移除指定字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long HashDelete(string redisKey, IEnumerable<RedisValue> hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashDelete(redisKey, hashField.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash中设定值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool HashSet(string redisKey, string hashField, string value)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashSet(redisKey, hashField, value);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从Hash 中获取值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public RedisValue HashGet(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashGet(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从Hash 中获取值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public RedisValue[] HashGet(string redisKey, RedisValue[] hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashGet(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从hash 返回所有的key值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IEnumerable<RedisValue> HashKeys(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashKeys(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据key返回hash中的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public RedisValue[] HashValues(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.HashValues(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool HashSet<T>(string redisKey, string hashField, T value)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            var json = Serialize(value);
            return _db.HashSet(redisKey, hashField, json);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash 中获取值 （反序列化）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T HashGet<T>(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(_db.HashGet(redisKey, hashField));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断字段是否存在hash 中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> HashExistsAsync(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashExistsAsync(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从hash中移除指定字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> HashDeleteAsync(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashDeleteAsync(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从hash中移除指定字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> HashDeleteAsync(string redisKey, IEnumerable<RedisValue> hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashDeleteAsync(redisKey, hashField.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash 设置值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> HashSetAsync(string redisKey, string hashField, string value)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashSetAsync(redisKey, hashField, value);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash 中设定值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashFields"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task HashSetAsync(string redisKey, IEnumerable<HashEntry> hashFields)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            await _db.HashSetAsync(redisKey, hashFields.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash 中设定值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<RedisValue> HashGetAsync(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashGetAsync(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash 中获取值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<IEnumerable<RedisValue>> HashGetAsync(string redisKey, RedisValue[] hashField, string value)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashGetAsync(redisKey, hashField);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从hash返回所有的字段值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<IEnumerable<RedisValue>> HashKeysAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashKeysAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回hash中所有的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<IEnumerable<RedisValue>> HashValuesAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.HashValuesAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash 中设定值（序列化）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> HashSetAsync<T>(string redisKey, string hashField, T value)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            var json = Serialize(value);
            return await _db.HashSetAsync(redisKey, hashField, json);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在hash中获取值（反序列化）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="hashField"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<T> HashGetAsync<T>(string redisKey, string hashField)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(await _db.HashGetAsync(redisKey, hashField));
        }
        #endregion

        #region list operation
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回key所对应列表的第一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string ListLeftPop(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListLeftPop(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回key所对应列表的最后一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string ListRightPop(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListRightPop(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除指定key及key所对应的元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long ListRemove(string redisKey, string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListRemove(redisKey, redisValue);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表尾部插入值，如果键不存在，先创建再插入值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long ListRightPush(string redisKey, string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListRightPush(redisKey, redisValue);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表头部插入值，如果键不存在，先创建再插入值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long ListLeftPush(string redisKey, string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListLeftPush(redisKey, redisValue);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回列表上该键的长度，如果不存在，返回0
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long ListLength(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListLength(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回在该列表上键所对应的元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IEnumerable<RedisValue> ListRange(string redisKey)
        {
            try
            {
                redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
                return _db.ListRange(redisKey);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回存储在该键列表的第一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T ListLeftPop<T>(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(_db.ListLeftPop(redisKey));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回该列表上的最后一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T ListRightPop<T>(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(_db.ListRightPop(redisKey));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表尾部插入值，如果键不存在，先创建再插入值
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long ListRightPush<T>(string redisKey, T redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListRightPush(redisKey, Serialize(redisValue));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表头部插入值，如果键不存在，创建后插入值
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long ListLeftPush<T>(string redisKey, T redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.ListRightPush(redisKey, Serialize(redisValue));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回存储在该键列表的第一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<string> ListLeftPopAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListLeftPopAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回存储在该键列表的最后一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<string> ListRightPopAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListRightPopAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除列表指定键上与值相同的元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> ListRemoveAsync(string redisKey,string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListRemoveAsync(redisKey, redisValue);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表尾部差入值，如果键不存在，先创建后插入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> ListRightPushAsync(string redisKey,string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await ListRightPushAsync(redisKey, redisValue);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表头部插入值，如果键不存在，先创建后插入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> ListLeftPushAsync(string redisKey,string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListLeftPushAsync(redisKey, redisValue);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回列表上的长度，如果不存在，返回0
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> ListLengthAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListLengthAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回在列表上键对应的元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<IEnumerable<RedisValue>> ListRangeAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListRangeAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回存储在key对应列表的第一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<T> ListLeftPopAsync<T>(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(await _db.ListLeftPopAsync(redisKey));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除并返回存储在key 对应列表的最后一个元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<T> ListRightPopAsync<T>(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return Deserialize<T>(await _db.ListRightPopAsync(redisKey));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表尾部插入值，如果值不存在，先创建后写入值
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> ListRightPushAsync<T>(string redisKey,string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListRightPushAsync(redisKey, Serialize(redisValue));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在列表头部插入值，如果值不存在，先创建后写入值
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisValue"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> ListLeftPushAsync<T>(string redisKey,string redisValue)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.ListLeftPushAsync(redisKey, Serialize(redisValue));
        }
        #endregion

        #region sorted set operation
        /// <summary>
        /// sortedset 新增
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="member"></param>
        /// <param name="score"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool SortedSetAdd(string redisKey,string member,double score)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.SortedSetAdd(redisKey, member, score);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在有序集合中返回指定范围的元素，默认情况下由低到高
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IEnumerable<RedisValue> SortedSetRangeByRank(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.SortedSetRangeByRank(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回有序集合的个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long SortedSetLength(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.SortedSetLength(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回有序集合的元素个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="member"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool SortedSetLength(string redisKey,string member)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.SortedSetRemove(redisKey, member);
        }
        /// <summary>
        ///  sorted set Add
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="member"></param>
        /// <param name="score"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool SortedSetAdd<T>(string redisKey,T member,double score)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            var json = Serialize(member);
            return _db.SortedSetAdd(redisKey, json, score);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// sorted set add
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="member"></param>
        /// <param name="score"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> SortedSetAddAsync(string redisKey,string member,double score)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.SortedSetAddAsync(redisKey, member, score);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在有序集合中返回指定范围的元素，默认情况下由低到高
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<IEnumerable<RedisValue>> SortedSetRangeByRankAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.SortedSetRangeByRankAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回有序集合的元素个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> SortedSetLengthAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.SortedSetLengthAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回有序集合的元素个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="member"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> SortedSetRemoveAsync(string redisKey,string member)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.SortedSetRemoveAsync(redisKey, member);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// SortedSet 新增
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="member"></param>
        /// <param name="score"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> SortedSetAddAsync<T>(string redisKey,T member,double score)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            var json = Serialize(member);
            return await _db.SortedSetAddAsync(redisKey, json, score);
        }

        #endregion

        #region key operation
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除指定key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool KeyDelete(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.KeyDelete(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除指定key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKeys"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long KeyDelete(IEnumerable<string> redisKeys)
        {
            var keys = redisKeys.Select(x => (RedisKey)AddKeyPrefix(x));
            return _db.KeyDelete(keys.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 检验key是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool KeyExists(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.KeyExists(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 重命名key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="oldKeyName"></param>
        /// <param name="newKeyName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool KeyReName(string oldKeyName,string newKeyName)
        {
            oldKeyName = AddKeyPrefix(oldKeyName);
            return _db.KeyRename(oldKeyName, newKeyName);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置key 的过期时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool KeyExpire(string redisKey,TimeSpan?expired = null)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return _db.KeyExpire(redisKey, expired);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 移除指定的key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> KeyDeleteAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.KeyDeleteAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除指定的key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKeys"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> KeyDeleteAsync(IEnumerable<string> redisKeys)
        {
            var keys = redisKeys.Select(x => (RedisKey)AddKeyPrefix(x));
            return await _db.KeyDeleteAsync(keys.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 检验key 是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> KeyExistsAsync(string redisKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.KeyExistsAsync(redisKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 重命名key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="redisNewKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> KeyRenameAsync(string redisKey,string redisNewKey)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.KeyRenameAsync(redisKey, redisNewKey);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置 key 时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisKey"></param>
        /// <param name="expired"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> KeyExpireAsync(string redisKey,TimeSpan? expired)
        {
            redisKey = AddKeyPrefix(redisKey);
            return await _db.KeyExpireAsync(redisKey, expired);
        }
        #endregion

        #region Subscribe
        /// <summary>
        /// 订阅
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="channel">频道</param>
        /// <param name="handle">事件</param>
        public void Subscribe(RedisChannel channel,Action<RedisChannel,RedisValue> handle)
        {
            //getSubscriber() 获取到指定服务器的发布者订阅者的连接
            var sub = _connMultiplexer.GetSubscriber();
            //订阅执行某些操作时改变了 优先/主动 节点广播
            sub.Subscribe(channel, handle);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="channel"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long Publish(RedisChannel channel,RedisValue message)
        {
            var sub = _connMultiplexer.GetSubscriber();
            return sub.Publish(channel, message);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布（使用序列化）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="channel"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long Publish<T>(RedisChannel channel,T message)
        {
            var sub = _connMultiplexer.GetSubscriber();
            return sub.Publish(channel, Serialize(message));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 订阅
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisChannel"></param>
        /// <param name="handle"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task SubscribeAsync(RedisChannel redisChannel,Action<RedisChannel,RedisValue> handle)
        {
            var sub = _connMultiplexer.GetSubscriber();
            await sub.SubscribeAsync(redisChannel, handle);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="redisChannel"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> PublishAsync(RedisChannel redisChannel,RedisValue message)
        {
            var sub = _connMultiplexer.GetSubscriber();
            return await sub.PublishAsync(redisChannel, message);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布（使用序列化）
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="redisChannel"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> PublishAsync<T>(RedisChannel redisChannel,T message)
        {
            var sub = _connMultiplexer.GetSubscriber();
            return await sub.PublishAsync(redisChannel, Serialize(message));
        }
        #endregion

        #region register event
        /// <summary>
        /// 注册事件
        /// </summary>
        private static void RegisterEvent()
        {
            _connMultiplexer.ConnectionRestored += ConnMultiplexer_ConnectionRestored;
            _connMultiplexer.ConnectionFailed += ConnMultiplexer_ConnectionFailed;
            _connMultiplexer.ErrorMessage += ConnMultiplexer_ErrorMessage;
            _connMultiplexer.ConfigurationChanged += ConnMultiplexer_ConfigurationChanged;
            _connMultiplexer.HashSlotMoved += ConnMultiplexer_HashSlotMoved;
            _connMultiplexer.InternalError += ConnMultiplexer_InternalError;
            _connMultiplexer.ConfigurationChangedBroadcast += ConnMultiplexer_ConfigurationChangedBroadcast;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 重新配置广播时(主从同步更改)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_ConfigurationChangedBroadcast(object sender, EndPointEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_ConfigurationChangedBroadcast)}: {e.EndPoint}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发生内部错误时(调试用)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_InternalError(object sender,InternalErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_InternalError)}: {e.Exception}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 更改集群时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_HashSlotMoved(object sender,HashSlotMovedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_HashSlotMoved)}: {nameof(e.OldEndPoint)}-{e.OldEndPoint} To {nameof(e.NewEndPoint)}-{e.NewEndPoint} ");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 配置更改时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_ConfigurationChanged(object sender, EndPointEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_ConfigurationChanged)}: {e.EndPoint}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发生错误时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_ErrorMessage(object sender, RedisErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_ErrorMessage)}: {e.Message}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 物理连接失败时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_ConnectionFailed(object sender, ConnectionFailedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_ConnectionFailed)}: {e.Exception}");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 建立物理连接时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void ConnMultiplexer_ConnectionRestored(object sender, ConnectionFailedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(ConnMultiplexer_ConnectionRestored)}: {e.Exception}");
        }
        #endregion

        #region physical save - undo
        #endregion

    } 
}

 3.3 引入博文a 老师的消息出列方法，代码如下（此部分进行了部分修改）

using MVC5Project.Models;
using MVC5Project.Redis.BaseOnStackExchage;

namespace MVC5Project.MSMQ
{
    public class MessageQueue
    {
        static System.Timers.Timer timer = new System.Timers.Timer(5000);
        public static ChatModels CurrentChatModels = new ChatModels();
        static MessageQueue()
        {
            timer.AutoReset = true;
            timer.Enabled = true;
            timer.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(timer_Elapsed);
            timer.Start();
        }
        private static void timer_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
        {
                var redisClient = new RedisHelper(2);
                // 消息出列
                CurrentChatModels = redisClient.ListLeftPop<ChatModels>("MessageQuene");
        }
    }
}

3.4  web 端页面处理,在Home的Index 页面中

@{
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>
        Testing MSMQ
        </title>
</head>
<body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function onSubmit() {
            alert('111');
            $.post("/Home/Index", { userId: $('#userId').val(),chat:$('#chat').val() }, function () {

            });
        }
    </script>    
    <div>
        <form action="~/Controllers/Home" method="post">
            <input id="userId" value="chenk"/>
            <input id="chat" value="this is my first messageQuene info !" />
            <input type="button" value="submit" onclick="onSubmit()"/>
        </form>
        <label>PageInfo:</label>@ViewBag.PageInfo
        <label>MessageQuene:</label>@ViewBag.MessageQuene
        <label>Pop:</label>@ViewBag.Pop
    </div>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

3.5 controller 处理消息入列内容

        /// <summary>
        /// display page
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult Index(){
            var redisClient = new RedisHelper(2);
            ViewBag.PageInfo = "this page is Home";
            List<ChatModels> isError = null;
            ViewData["pop"] = MessageQueue.CurrentChatModels == null ? "没有记录" : MessageQueue.CurrentChatModels.chat;
            //目前ListRange()方法会出现RedisTimeOutException，并未找到问题根源，但是不影响代码执行。
            ViewData["MSMQ"] = redisClient.ListRange("MessageQuene") == null 
                ? isError = new List<ChatModels>() 
                : redisClient.ListRange("MessageQuene").Cast<ChatModels>().ToList();
            return View();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// submit form action
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Index(FormCollection form){
            var redisClient = new RedisHelper(2);
            List<ChatModels> isError = null;
            //消息入列
            redisClient.ListRightPush("MessageQuene", new ChatModels { userId = form["userId"], chat = form["chat"] });
            ViewData["MessageQuene"] = redisClient.ListRange("MessageQuene") == null
                ? isError = new List<ChatModels>()
                : redisClient.ListRange("MessageQuene").Cast<ChatModels>().ToList();
            return View();
        }    

4、执行结果查看

a、在点击submit 之前 db(2) 为空。

b、点击submit

c、完成消息入列

d、5秒钟后，数据会从db(2) 中移出。完成消息出列。

5、总结

以上，为一个完整的Redis 模拟存储消息的实现，在过程中也有几个未能完善的问题

（1）、StackExchage.Redis 提供的 ListRange() 方法会抛出RedisTimeOutException ，该问题并未在网上找到导致的原因。

（2）、通过ListRightPush<T>方法 插入的数据，在客户端中并未能正确显示，此问题还需进一步解决。