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  • MySQl Study学习之--MySQl二进制日志管理

    MySQl Study学习之--MySQl二进制日志管理

    MySQL二进制日志(Binary Log)


      a、它包括的内容及作用例如以下:

        包括了全部更新了数据或者已经潜在更新了数据(比方没有匹配不论什么行的一个DELETE)

        包括关于每一个更新数据库(DML)的语句的运行时间信息

        不包括没有改动不论什么数据的语句,假设须要启用该选项,须要开启通用日志功能

        主要目的是尽可能的将数据库恢复到数据库故障点,由于二进制日志包括备份后进行的全部更新

        用于在主复制server上记录全部将发送给从server的语句

        启用该选项数据库性能减少1%。但保障数据库完整性,对于关键数据库值得以性能换完整。有些类似于
    Oracle开启归档模式。


      

      b、开启二进制日志的方法及属性
        使用--log-bin[=file_name]选项或在配置文件里指定log-bin启动时,mysqld写入包括全部更新数据的SQL命令的日志文件。

        对于未给出file_name值。默认名为-bin后面所跟的主机名。


        在未指定绝对路径的情形下,缺省位置保存在数据文件夹下。

        每一个二进制日志名会加入一个数字扩展名用于日志老化,因此不支持自己定义的扩展名。会被mysql数字扩展名动态替换。

        若当前的日志大小达到max_binlog_size。则自己主动创建新的二进制日志。

        对于大的事务,二进制日志会超过max_binlog_size设定的值。也即是事务只写入一个二进制日志。

        由是可知,二进制日志文件大小接近,其size不是全然相等。这点不同于oracle

        二进制日志文件会有一个相应二进制日志索引文件,该文件包括全部的二进制日志,其文件名称与二进制日志同样,扩展名为.index

        二进制索引文件通过--log-bin-index[=file_name]选项来指定

        RESETMASTER语句将删除全部二进制日志文件。这将影响到从库。也能够用PURGE MASTER LOGS仅仅删除部分二进制文件。

    二进制日志记录了全部对数据库运行更改的操作,二进制主要有下面两种作用

    1、恢复(recovery)2、复制(replication)

    二进制日志的启动:配置參数log-bin[=name],假设不指定name。则默认二进制日志文件名称为主机名,后缀名为二级制日志的序列号。所在路径为数据库所在文件夹。

    以index为后缀的文件为二进制日志的索引文件,用来存储过程生产的二进制日志。


    和二进制日志相关的參数:

    max_binlog_size、binlog_cache_size、sync_binlog、binlog-do-db、binlog-ignore-db、log-slave-update、binlog_format

    1、max_binlog_size,该參数指定了单个二进制日志文件的最大值,假设超过该值。则产生新的二进制日志文件,后缀名+1。并记录到.index文件,从Mysql5.0開始的默认值为1073741824。代表1G。

    Mysql5.5的默认值

    mysql> show variables like '%max_binlog%';
    +----------------------------+----------------------+
    | Variable_name              | Value                |
    +----------------------------+----------------------+
    | max_binlog_cache_size      | 18446744073709547520 |
    | max_binlog_size            | 1073741824           |
    | max_binlog_stmt_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 |
    +----------------------------+----------------------+
    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    当使用事务的存储引擎InnoDB时。全部未提交的事务会记录到一个缓存中,等待事务提交时,直接将缓冲中的二进制日志写入二进制日志文件,而该缓冲的大小由binlog_cache_size决定,默认大小为32KB,此外,binlog_cache_size是基于session的。也就是。当一个线程開始一个事务时。mysql会自己主动分配一个大小为binlog_cache_size的缓存,因此该值得设置须要相当小心,能够通过show global status 查看binlog_cache_usebinlog_cache_disk_use的状态。能够推断当前binlog_cache_size的设置是否合适

    2、Binlog_cache_size的默认大小为32KB

    mysql> show variables like 'binlog_cache%';
    +-------------------+-------+
    | Variable_name     | Value |
    +-------------------+-------+
    | binlog_cache_size | 32768 |
    +-------------------+-------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    


    3、參数sync_binlog=[N]表示每写缓存多少次就同步到磁盘,假设将N设置为1,则表示採用同步写磁盘的方式来写二进制日志。该參数非常重要,这个以后还会提到。值得注意的是,在将该參数设置为1时,也应该将innodb_support_xa设为1来解决。这能够确保二进制日志和InnoDB存储引擎数据文件的同步。

    4、參数binlog-do-db和binlog-ignore-db表示须要写入或者忽略写入哪些库的日志,默认值为空,则表示将全部库的日志同步到二进制日志。

    5、Log-slave-update该參数在搭建master=>slave=>slave的架构时,须要配置。

    6、Binlog_format參数也特别重要。

    从mysql5.1版本号開始引入这个參数。该參数能够设置的值有STATEMENT、ROW、MIXED;

    (1)STATEMENT格式和之前的mysql版本号一样,二进制日志文件记录的是日志的逻辑SQL语句。

    (2)在ROW格式下,二进制日志记录的不再是简单的SQL语句了。而是记录表的行更改情况,此时能够将InnoDB的事务隔离基本设为READ COMMITTED,以获得更好的并发性。

    (3)MIXED格式下。mysql默认採用的STATEMENT格式进行二进制日志文件的记录,可是在一些情况下会使用ROW格式。可能的情况包含:

    1)表的存储引擎为NDB。这时对于表的DML操作都会以ROW格式记录

    2)使用了UUID()USER()CURRENT_USER()FOUND_ROWS()ROW_COUNT()等不确定函数

    3)使用了INSERT DELAY语句

    4)使用了用户定义函数

    5)使用了暂时表


    案例分析:

    1、 二进制日志存放位置


    [root@mysrv ~]# more /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

    mysql> show variables like '%datadir%';
    +---------------+------------------------------+
    | Variable_name | Value                        |
    +---------------+------------------------------+
    | datadir       | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/ |
    +---------------+------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)


    查看日志信息:

    [root@mysrv ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/
    [root@mysrv mysql]# ls -l
    total 29928
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul  8 15:17 ibdata1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jul  8 15:17 ib_logfile0
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      124 Jul  8 15:17 master.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:20 mysql-bin.000011
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      209 Jul  8 15:20 mysql-bin.index
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    24920 Jul  8 15:21 mysrv.err
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql        5 Jul  8 15:17 mysrv.pid
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       75 Jul  8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.index
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       58 Jul  8 15:20 relay-log.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 test
    <strong>mysrv-relay-bin.index。为记录日志文件的index文件</strong>
    [root@mysrv mysql]# cat mysql-bin.index
    ./mysql-bin.000001
    ./mysql-bin.000002
    ./mysql-bin.000003
    ./mysql-bin.000004
    ./mysql-bin.000005
    ./mysql-bin.000006
    ./mysql-bin.000007
    ./mysql-bin.000008
    ./mysql-bin.000009
    ./mysql-bin.000010
    ./mysql-bin.000011
    ./mysql-bin.000012
    ./mysql-bin.000013
    ./mysql-bin.000014

    2、二进制日志文件的切换

    运行flush logs产生新的二进制日志:
    mysql> show master status;
    +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
    +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    | mysql-bin.000011 |      114 |              |                  |
    +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    mysql> flush logs;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

    [root@mysrv mysql]# ls -l
    total 29936
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul  8 15:17 ibdata1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jul  8 15:17 ib_logfile0
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      124 Jul  8 15:17 master.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:24 mysql-bin.000011
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:24 mysql-bin.000012
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      228 Jul  8 15:24 mysql-bin.index
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    25322 Jul  8 15:24 mysrv.err
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql        5 Jul  8 15:17 mysrv.pid
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      100 Jul  8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.index
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       58 Jul  8 15:24 relay-log.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 test

    採用mysqladmin切换:

    [root@mysrv ~]# mysqladmin flush-logs -u root -p
    Enter password: 

    [root@mysrv mysql]# ls -l
    total 29944
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul  8 15:17 ibdata1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jul  8 15:17 ib_logfile0
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      124 Jul  8 15:17 master.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:24 mysql-bin.000011
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:34 mysql-bin.000012
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:34 mysql-bin.000013
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      247 Jul  8 15:34 mysql-bin.index
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    26536 Jul  8 15:34 mysrv.err
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql        5 Jul  8 15:17 mysrv.pid
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.000007
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      125 Jul  8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.index
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       58 Jul  8 15:34 relay-log.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 test
    

    [root@mysrv ~]# mysqladmin refresh -u root -p
    Enter password: 


    [root@mysrv mysql]# ls -l
    total 29952
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul  8 15:17 ibdata1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jul  8 15:17 ib_logfile0
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      124 Jul  8 15:17 master.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:24 mysql-bin.000011
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:34 mysql-bin.000012
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      157 Jul  8 15:36 mysql-bin.000013
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:36 mysql-bin.000014
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      266 Jul  8 15:36 mysql-bin.index
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    26671 Jul  8 15:35 mysrv.err
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql        5 Jul  8 15:17 mysrv.pid
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000005
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.000006
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      163 Jul  8 15:36 mysrv-relay-bin.000007
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      114 Jul  8 15:36 mysrv-relay-bin.000008
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      150 Jul  8 15:36 mysrv-relay-bin.index
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod
    -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       58 Jul  8 15:36 relay-log.info
    drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jun 30 17:15 test

    3、查看和日志相关的參数:
    mysql> show variables like '%log%';
    +-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
    | Variable_name                           | Value                                       |
    +-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
    | back_log                                | 50                                          |
    | binlog_cache_size                       | 32768                                       |
    | binlog_checksum                         | NONE                                        |
    | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF                                         |
    | binlog_format                           | MIXED                                       |
    | binlog_row_image                        | FULL                                        |
    | binlog_rows_query_log_events            | OFF                                         |
    | binlog_stmt_cache_size                  | 32768                                       |
    | expire_logs_days                        | 0                                           |
    | general_log                             | OFF                                         |
    | general_log_file                        | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysrv.log       |
    | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit          | 1                                           |
    | innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog          | OFF                                         |
    | innodb_log_buffer_size                  | 8388608                                     |
    | innodb_log_file_size                    | 5242880                                     |
    | innodb_log_files_in_group               | 2                                           |
    | innodb_log_group_home_dir               | ./                                          |
    | innodb_mirrored_log_groups              | 1                                           |
    | innodb_undo_logs                        | 128                                         |
    | log_bin                                 | ON   <span style="color:#ff0000;">  ;是否开启二进制日志 </span>                                    |
    | log_bin_basename                        | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysql-bin       |
    | log_bin_index                           | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysql-bin.index |
    | log_bin_trust_function_creators         | OFF                                         |
    | log_error                               | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysrv.err       |
    | log_output                              | FILE                                        |
    | log_queries_not_using_indexes           | OFF                                         |
    | log_slave_updates                       | OFF                                         |
    | log_warnings                            | 1                                           |
    | max_binlog_cache_size                   | 18446744073709547520                        |
    | max_binlog_size                         | 1073741824                                  |
    | max_binlog_stmt_cache_size              | 18446744073709547520                        |
    | max_relay_log_size                      | 0                                           |
    | relay_log                               |                                             |
    | relay_log_basename                      |                                             |
    | relay_log_index                         |                                             |
    | relay_log_info_file                     | relay-log.info                              |
    | relay_log_info_repository               | FILE                                        |
    | relay_log_purge                         | ON                                          |
    | relay_log_recovery                      | OFF                                         |
    | relay_log_space_limit                   | 0                                           |
    | slow_query_log                          | OFF                                         |
    | slow_query_log_file                     | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysrv-slow.log  |
    | sql_log_bin                             | ON                                          |
    | sql_log_off                             | OFF                                         |
    | sync_binlog                             | 0                                           |
    | sync_relay_log                          | 0                                           |
    | sync_relay_log_info                     | 0                                           |
    +-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
    47 rows in set (0.01 sec)


    mysql 二进制日志应用案例:


    事务操作生成二进制日志:

    mysql> use prod;
    Database changed
    mysql> show tables;
    +----------------+
    | Tables_in_prod |
    +----------------+
    | t1             |
    +----------------+
    1 row in set (0.02 sec)

    mysql> select * from t1;
    +------+-------+
    | id   | name  |
    +------+-------+
    |    1 | tom   |
    |    2 | scott |
    |    3 | jerry |
    +------+-------+
    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    mysql> insert into t1 values (4,'rose');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

    mysql> commit;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    查看生成的二进制日志内容:

    [root@mysrv mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014
    /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
    /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
    DELIMITER /*!*/;
    # at 4
    #150708 15:36:17 server id 2  end_log_pos 114   Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.4-m7-log created 150708 15:36:17
    # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
    BINLOG '
    8dKcVQ8CAAAAbgAAAHIAAAABAAQANS42LjQtbTctbG9nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVgAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAAANxYJ/w=
    '/*!*/;
    # at 114
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 189   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
    SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/;
    SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
    SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
    /*!C utf8 *//*!*/;
    SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
    SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    # at 189
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 291   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    use prod/*!*/;
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
    insert into t1 values (4,'rose')
    /*!*/;
    # at 291
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 318   Xid = 23
    COMMIT/*!*/;
    DELIMITER ;
    # End of log file
    ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
    /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;

    mysql> insert into t1 values (5,'john');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

    mysql> commit;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    [root@mysrv mysql]# strings mysql-bin.000014
    5.6.4-m7-log
    prod
    prod
    BEGIN
    prod
    prod
    insert into t1 values (4,'rose')
    prod
    prod
    BEGINw
    prod
    prod
    insert into t1 values (5,'john')w

    [root@mysrv mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014
    /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
    /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
    DELIMITER /*!*/;
    # at 4
    #150708 15:36:17 server id 2  end_log_pos 114   Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.4-m7-log created 150708 15:36:17
    # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
    BINLOG '
    8dKcVQ8CAAAAbgAAAHIAAAABAAQANS42LjQtbTctbG9nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVgAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAAANxYJ/w=
    '/*!*/;
    # at 114
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 189   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
    SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/;
    SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
    SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
    /*!C utf8 *//*!*/;
    SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
    SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    # at 189
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 291   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    use prod/*!*/;
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
    insert into t1 values (4,'rose')
    /*!*/;
    # at 291
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 318   Xid = 23
    COMMIT/*!*/;
    # at 318
    #150708 15:42:47 server id 2  end_log_pos 393   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    # at 393
    #150708 15:42:47 server id 2  end_log_pos 495   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/;
    insert into t1 values (5,'john')
    /*!*/;
    # at 495
    #150708 15:42:47 server id 2  end_log_pos 522   Xid = 25
    COMMIT/*!*/;
    DELIMITER ;
    # End of log file
    ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
    /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
    [root@mysrv mysql]# 

    查看生成的二进制日志:
    mysql> show binary logs;

    +------------------+-----------+
    | Log_name         | File_size |
    +------------------+-----------+
    | mysql-bin.000001 |       114 |
    | mysql-bin.000002 |     63438 |
    | mysql-bin.000003 |   1096670 |
    | mysql-bin.000004 |       252 |
    | mysql-bin.000005 |       114 |
    | mysql-bin.000006 |       133 |
    | mysql-bin.000007 |       114 |
    | mysql-bin.000008 |       114 |
    | mysql-bin.000009 |       157 |
    | mysql-bin.000010 |       157 |
    | mysql-bin.000011 |       157 |
    | mysql-bin.000012 |       157 |
    | mysql-bin.000013 |       157 |
    | mysql-bin.000014 |       522 |
    +------------------+-----------+
    14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    查看日志记录的事件:
    mysql> show binlog events;
    +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------+
    | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                    |
    +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------+
    | mysql-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc |         1 |         114 | Server ver: 5.6.4-m7-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
    +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.06 sec)
    
    
    mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000014';
    +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+
    | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                         |
    +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+
    | mysql-bin.000014 |   4 | Format_desc |         2 |         114 | Server ver: 5.6.4-m7-log, Binlog ver: 4      |
    | mysql-bin.000014 | 114 | Query       |         2 |         189 | BEGIN                                        |
    | mysql-bin.000014 | 189 | Query       |         2 |         291 | use `prod`; insert into t1 values (4,'rose') |
    | mysql-bin.000014 | 291 | Xid         |         2 |         318 | COMMIT /* xid=23 */                          |
    | mysql-bin.000014 | 318 | Query       |         2 |         393 | BEGIN                                        |
    | mysql-bin.000014 | 393 | Query       |         2 |         495 | use `prod`; insert into t1 values (5,'john') |
    | mysql-bin.000014 | 495 | Xid         |         2 |         522 | COMMIT /* xid=25 */                          |
    +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+
    7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    数据恢复案例:
    1、模拟数据环境

    mysql> select * from t1;
    +------+-------+
    | id   | name  |
    +------+-------+
    |    1 | tom   |
    |    2 | scott |
    |    3 | jerry |
    |    4 | rose  |
    |    5 | john  |
    +------+-------+
    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    删除数据:
    mysql> delete from t1;
    Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.02 sec)

    mysql> commit;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    mysql> select * from t1;
    Empty set (0.00 sec)


    利用日志恢复。将日志生成文本文件进行分析:
    [root@mysrv mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014 >/home/mysql/log14.txt


    [root@mysrv mysql]# cat log14.txt 
    /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
    /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
    DELIMITER /*!*/;
    # at 4
    #150708 15:36:17 server id 2  end_log_pos 114   Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.4-m7-log created 150708 15:36:17
    # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
    BINLOG '
    8dKcVQ8CAAAAbgAAAHIAAAABAAQANS42LjQtbTctbG9nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVgAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAAANxYJ/w=
    '/*!*/;
    # at 114
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 189   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
    SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/;
    SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
    SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
    /*!C utf8 *//*!*/;
    SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
    SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    # at 189
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 291   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    use prod/*!*/;
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
    insert into t1 values (4,'rose')
    /*!*/;
    # at 291
    #150708 15:39:44 server id 2  end_log_pos 318   Xid = 23
    COMMIT/*!*/;
    # at 318
    #150708 15:42:47 server id 2  end_log_pos 393   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    # at 393
    #150708 15:42:47 server id 2  end_log_pos 495   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/;
    insert into t1 values (5,'john')
    /*!*/;
    # at 495
    #150708 15:42:47 server id 2  end_log_pos 522   Xid = 25
    COMMIT/*!*/;
    # at 522
    #150708 15:56:57 server id 2  end_log_pos 597   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436342217/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    # at 597        ;。日志记录的操作事件的编号,假设要恢复前面的数据,须要在delete前停止             
    #150708 15:56:57 server id 2  end_log_pos 681   Query   thread_id=5     exec_time=0     error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1436342217/*!*/;
    delete from t1
    /*!*/;
    # at 681
    #150708 15:56:57 server id 2  end_log_pos 708   Xid = 31
    COMMIT/*!*/;
    DELIMITER ;
    # End of log file
    ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
    /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
    [root@mysrv mysql]# 

    利用二进制日志恢复:
    [root@mysrv mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014 --stop-pos=597 |mysql -u root -p

    Enter password: 

    ---在delete操作前停止日志的应用

    查看已恢复的数据:

    mysql> select * from t1;
    +------+------+
    | id   | name |
    +------+------+
    |    4 | rose |
    |    5 | john |
    +------+------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    ---前面三行数据因为从master同步而来,在slave日志中没有记载。此次不再做恢复操作

    ---数据恢复成功!



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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/claireyuancy/p/6918267.html
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