Shell脚本实现自动修改IP地址

作为一名Linux SA，日常运维中很多地方都会用到脚本，而服务器的ip一般采用静态ip或者MAC绑定，当然后者比较操作起来相对繁琐，而前者我们可以设置主机名、ip信息、网关等配置。修改成特定的主机名在维护和管理方面也比较方便。如下脚本用途为：修改ip和主机名等相关信息，可以根据实际需求修改，举一反三！

#!/bin/sh 
#auto Change ip netmask gateway scripts 
#wugk 2012-12-17 
cat << EOF 
++++++++自动修改ip和主机名等相关信息+++++++++ 
ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
HOSTS=/etc/hosts
NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network
DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d` 
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 
+++++++++-------------------------+++++++++++ 
EOF 
#Define Path 定义变量，可以根据实际情况修改 
  
 ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 HOSTS=/etc/hosts
 NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network
 DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d` 
 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 
  
echo "================================================"
echo
#定义change_ip函数 
function Change_ip () 
{ 
#判断备份目录是否存在，中括号前后都有空格，！叹号在shell表示相反的意思# 
if
 [ ! -d $DIR ];then
  
 mkdir -p $DIR 
  
fi
  
 echo "Now Change ip address ,Doing Backup Interface eth0"
 cp $ETHCONF $DIR 
  
 grep "dhcp" $ETHCONF 
#如下$?用来判断上一次操作的状态，为0，表示上一次操作状态正确或者成功# 
if
  
 [ $? -eq 0 ];then
#read -p 交互输入变量IPADDR，注冒号后有空格，sed -i 修改配置文件# 
 read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR 
 sed -i 's/dhcp/static/g' $ETHCONF 
#awk -F. 意思是以.号为分隔域，打印前三列# 
 echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDR
NETMASK=$NETMASK
GATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF 
 echo "This IP address Change success !"
  
else
  
 echo -n "This $ETHCONF is static exist ,please ensure Change Yes or NO": 
 read i 
  
fi
  
if
 [ "$i" == "y" -o "$i" == "yes" ];then
 read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR 
  
 count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`) 
 #定义数组， ${#count[@]}代表获取变量值总个数# 
 A=${#count[@]} 
 #while条件语句判断，个数是否正确，不正确循环提示输入，也可以用[0-9]来判断ip# 
while
  
 [ "$A" -ne "4" ] 
  
do
  
 read -p "Please re Inster ip Address,example 192.168.0.11 ip": IPADDR 
 count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`) 
 A=${#count[@]} 
  
done
 #sed -e 可以连续修改多个参数# 
 sed -i -e 's/^IPADDR/#IPADDR/g' -e 's/^NETMASK/#NETMASK/g' -e 's/^GATEWAY/#GATEWAY/g' $ETHCONF 
 #echo -e 
为连续追加内容，并自动换行# 
 echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDR
NETMASK=$NETMASK
GATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF 
 echo "This IP address Change success !"
else
 echo "This $ETHCONF static exist,please exit"
 exit $? 
  
fi
  
} 
  
#定义hosts函数 
############function hosts############## 
function Change_hosts () 
{ 
  
if
  
 [ ! -d $DIR ];then
 mkdir -p $DIR 
  
fi
  
 cp $HOSTS $DIR 
 read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR 
  
 host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/./-/g'` 
 cat $HOSTS |grep 127.0.0.1 |grep "$host"
   
if
 [ $? -ne 0 ];then
 sed -i "s/127.0.0.1/127.0.0.1 $host/g" $HOSTS 
 echo "This hosts change success "
  
else
 echo "This $host IS Exist .........."
  
fi
  
}
  
###########fuction network############### 
#定义network函数 
function Change_network () 
{ 
 if
  
 [ ! -d $DIR ];then
 mkdir -p $DIR 
  
 fi
 cp $NETWORK $DIR 
 read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR 
  
 host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/./-/g'` 
 grep "$host" $NETWORK 
  
 if
 [ $? -ne 0 ];then
 sed -i "s/^HOSTNAME/#HOSTNAME/g" $NETWORK 
 echo "NETWORK=$host" >>$NETWORK 
  
else
 echo "This $host IS Exist .........."
  
 fi
  
} 
  
#PS3一般为菜单提示信息# 
 PS3="Please Select ip or hosts Menu": 
#select为菜单选择命令，格式为select $var in ..command.. do .... done 
 select i in "Change_ip" "Change_hosts" "Change_network"
  
do
#case 方式，一般用于多种条件下的判断 
case $i in
  Change_ip ) 
  Change_ip 
;; 
  Change_hosts ) 
  Change_hosts 
;; 
  Change_network ) 
  Change_network 
;; 
  *) 
  echo
  echo "Please Insert $0: Change_ip(1)|Change_hosts(2)|Change_network(3)"
  echo
;; 
esac 
  
done