1 修改/etc/yum.conf的keepcache=1
|
[root@136 packages]# vi /etc/yum.conf
keepcache=1
|
2 安装yum-utils包
|
[root@136 packages]# rpm -qa |grep yum-utils
[root@136 packages]# yum -y install yum-utils*
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.0 MB 00:00:00
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 yum-utils.noarch.0.1.1.31-50.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-kitchen，它被软件包 yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libxml2-python，它被软件包 yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 libxml2-python.x86_64.0.2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 将被 安装
---> 软件包 python-kitchen.noarch.0.1.1.1-5.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-chardet，它被软件包 python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 python-chardet.noarch.0.2.2.1-1.el7_1 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
===========================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
===========================================================================================================================
正在安装:
yum-utils noarch 1.1.31-50.el7 base 121 k
为依赖而安装:
libxml2-python x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base 247 k
python-chardet noarch 2.2.1-1.el7_1 base 227 k
python-kitchen noarch 1.1.1-5.el7 base 267 k
事务概要
===========================================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包 (+3 依赖软件包)
总下载量：861 k
安装大小：4.3 M
Downloading packages:
(1/4): libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm | 247 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm | 227 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 267 kB 00:00:00
(4/4): yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm | 121 kB 00:00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 1.9 MB/s | 861 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch 1/4
正在安装 : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 2/4
正在安装 : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 3/4
正在安装 : yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 4/4
验证中 : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 1/4
验证中 : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 2/4
验证中 : yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 3/4
验证中 : python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch 4/4
已安装:
yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-50.el7
作为依赖被安装:
libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-1.el7_1 python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7
完毕！
[root@136 packages]# rpm -ql yum-utils
/etc/bash_completion.d
/etc/bash_completion.d/yum-utils.bash
/usr/bin/debuginfo-install
/usr/bin/find-repos-of-install
/usr/bin/needs-restarting
/usr/bin/package-cleanup
/usr/bin/repo-graph
/usr/bin/repo-rss
/usr/bin/repoclosure
/usr/bin/repodiff
/usr/bin/repomanage
/usr/bin/repoquery
/usr/bin/reposync
/usr/bin/repotrack
/usr/bin/show-changed-rco
/usr/bin/show-installed
/usr/bin/verifytree
/usr/bin/yum-builddep
/usr/bin/yum-config-manager
/usr/bin/yum-debug-dump
/usr/bin/yum-debug-restore
/usr/bin/yum-groups-manager
/usr/bin/yumdownloader
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/__init__.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/__init__.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/__init__.pyo
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/i18n.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/i18n.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/i18n.pyo
/usr/sbin/yum-complete-transaction
/usr/sbin/yumdb
/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31
/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31/README
/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31/yum-util-cli-template
/usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/yum-utils.mo
/usr/share/man/man1/debuginfo-install.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/find-repos-of-install.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/needs-restarting.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/package-cleanup.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repo-graph.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repo-rss.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repoclosure.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repodiff.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repomanage.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repoquery.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/reposync.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/repotrack.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/show-changed-rco.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/show-installed.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/verifytree.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yum-builddep.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yum-config-manager.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yum-debug-dump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yum-debug-restore.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yum-groups-manager.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yum-utils.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/yumdownloader.1.gz #可以看到yumdownloade这个工具是由yum-utils这个软件安装生成的！
/usr/share/man/man8/yum-complete-transaction.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/yumdb.8.gz
|
3 使用yumdownloader 下载
|
[root@136 packages]# yumdownloader centos-release-openstack-rocky
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
centos-release-openstack-rocky-1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm | 5.2 kB 00:00:00
[root@136 packages]# ls
centos-release-openstack-rocky-1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm
[root@136 packages]# pwd
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages
|
注意，下载软件及依赖包需要加参数
|
为了根据所有依赖性下载软件包，我们使用 --resolve 参数：
yumdownloader --resolve httpd
为了将软件下载到一个特定的目录下，我们使用 --destdir 参数：
yumdownloader --resolve --destdir=/root/mypackages/ httpd
或者
yumdownloader --resolve --destdir /root/mypackages/ httpd
|