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  • 分布式存储ceph——(1)部署ceph

    前言:

          很多朋友想学ceph,但是开始ceph部署就让初学者举步为艰,ceph部署时由于国外源的问题(具体大家应该懂得),下载和安装软件便会卡住,停止不前。即使配置搭建了国内源后,执行ceph-deploy install 时又跑去了国外的源下载,很是无语呀!!!这样导致我们停下了学习ceph的脚步,所以笔者就在这里编写了这篇文章,只要掌握了通过国内源找到并下载对应正确的ceph版本rpm包到本地,部署ceph简直小意思!

    一、部署准备:

    准备5台机器(linux系统为centos7.6版本),当然也可以至少3台机器并充当部署节点和客户端,可以与ceph节点共用:
        1台部署节点(配一块硬盘,运行ceph-depoly)
        3台ceph节点(配两块硬盘,第一块为系统盘并运行mon,第二块作为osd数据盘)
        1台客户端(可以使用ceph提供的文件系统,块存储,对象存储)
     
    (1)所有ceph集群节点(包括客户端)设置静态域名解析;
    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
    172.16.254.163 dlp
    172.16.254.64 node1
    172.16.254.65 node2
    172.16.254.66 node3
    172.16.254.63 controller
    
    (2)所有集群节点(包括客户端)创建cent用户,并设置密码,后执行如下命令:
    useradd cent && echo "123" | passwd --stdin cent
    echo -e 'Defaults:cent !requiretty
    cent ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL' | tee /etc/sudoers.d/ceph
    chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/ceph
    (3)在部署节点切换为cent用户,设置无密钥登陆各节点包括客户端节点
    ceph@dlp15:17:01~#ssh-keygen
    ceph@dlp15:17:01~#ssh-copy-id con1
    ceph@dlp15:17:01~#ssh-copy-id con2
    ceph@dlp15:17:01~#ssh-copy-id con3
    ceph@dlp15:17:01~#ssh-copy-id controller
    

    (4)在部署节点切换为cent用户,在cent用户家目录,设置如下文件:vi~/.ssh/config# create new ( define all nodes and users )

    Host dlp
          Hostname dlp
          User cent
    Host node1
          Hostname node1
          User cent
    Host node2
          Hostname node2
          User cent
    Host node3
          Hostname node3
          User cent
    
    chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config 
    

    二、所有节点配置国内ceph源:

    (1)all-node(包括客户端)在/etc/yum.repos.d/创建 ceph-yunwei.repo
    [ceph-yunwei]
    name=ceph-yunwei-install
    baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/storage/x86_64/ceph-jewel/
    enable=1
    gpgcheck=0
    或者也可以将如上内容添加到现有的 CentOS-Base.repo 中。
     
    (2)到国内ceph源中https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.6.1810/storage/x86_64/ceph-jewel/下载如下所需rpm包。注意:红色框中为ceph-deploy的rpm,只需要在部署节点安装,下载需要到https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/noarch/中找到最新对应的ceph-deploy-xxxxx.noarch.rpm 下载
    ceph-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-base-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-common-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm
    ceph-devel-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    cephfs-java-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-libs-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-mds-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-mon-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-osd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-radosgw-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-resource-agents-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-selinux-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-test-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    libcephfs1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    libcephfs1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    libcephfs_jni1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    libcephfs_jni1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    librados2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    librados2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    libradosstriper1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    libradosstriper1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    librbd1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    librbd1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    librgw2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    librgw2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    python-ceph-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    python-cephfs-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    python-rados-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    python-rbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rbd-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rbd-mirror-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rbd-nbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    (3)将下载好的rpm拷贝到所有节点,并安装。注意ceph-deploy-xxxxx.noarch.rpm 只有部署节点用到,其他节点不需要,部署节点也需要安装其余的rpm
     
    (4)在部署节点(cent用户下执行):安装 ceph-deploy,在root用户下,进入下载好的rpm包目录,执行:
    yum localinstall -y ./*
    

    (或者sudo yum install ceph-deploy)

    创建ceph工作目录
    mkdir ceph &&  cd ceph
    注意:如遇到如下报错:

    处理办法1:
    可能不能安装成功,报如下问题:将python-distribute remove 再进行安装(或者 yum remove  python-setuptools -y)

    注意:如果不是安装上述方法添加的rpm,用的是网络源,每个节点必须yum install ceph ceph-radosgw -y

    处理办法2:

    安装依赖包:python-distribute

    root@bushu12:16:46~/cephjrpm# yum install python-distribute -y
    已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    软件包 python-setuptools 已经被 python2-setuptools 取代,改为尝试安装 python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch
    正在解决依赖关系
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 python2-setuptools.noarch.0.22.0.5-1.el7 将被 安装
    --> 解决依赖关系完成
    
    依赖关系解决
    
    =============================================================================================================================
     Package                           架构                  版本                           源                              大小
    =============================================================================================================================
    正在安装:
     python2-setuptools                noarch                22.0.5-1.el7                   openstack-ocata                485 k
    
    事务概要
    =============================================================================================================================
    安装  1 软件包
    
    总下载量:485 k
    安装大小:1.8 M
    Downloading packages:
    python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm                                                            | 485 kB  00:00:00     
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
      正在安装    : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch                                                                   1/1 
      验证中      : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch                                                                   1/1 
    
    已安装:
      python2-setuptools.noarch 0:22.0.5-1.el7                                                                                   
    
    完毕!
    再次安装 :ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm -y
    root@bushu12:22:12~/cephjrpm# yum localinstall ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm -y
    已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
    正在检查 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm: ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch
    ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm 将被安装
    正在解决依赖关系
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 ceph-deploy.noarch.0.1.5.39-0 将被 安装
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 python-distribute,它被软件包 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 需要
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    软件包 python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch 被已安装的 python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch 取代
    --> 解决依赖关系完成
    错误:软件包:ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch (/ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch)
              需要:python-distribute
              可用: python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch (base)
                  python-distribute = 0.9.8-7.el7
     您可以尝试添加 --skip-broken 选项来解决该问题
     您可以尝试执行:rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

    删除:python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch

    root@bushu12:25:30~/cephjrpm# yum remove python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch -y
    已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
    正在解决依赖关系
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 python2-setuptools.noarch.0.22.0.5-1.el7 将被 删除
    --> 解决依赖关系完成
    
    依赖关系解决
    
    =============================================================================================================================
     Package                           架构                  版本                          源                               大小
    =============================================================================================================================
    正在删除:
     python2-setuptools                noarch                22.0.5-1.el7                  @openstack-ocata                1.8 M
    
    事务概要
    =============================================================================================================================
    移除  1 软件包
    
    安装大小:1.8 M
    Downloading packages:
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
      正在删除    : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch                                                                   1/1 
      验证中      : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch                                                                   1/1 
    
    删除:
      python2-setuptools.noarch 0:22.0.5-1.el7                                                                                   
    
    完毕!

    因为目前的源用的是上面黄色标记openstack-ocata源,安装版本就成了python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch,所以修改yum源后,只要保证安装 python-setuptools 版本是 0.9.8-7.el7 就可以通过了,如下把openstack-ocata 源移走或者删除:

    root@dlp10:30:02/etc/yum.repos.d# mv rdo-release-yunwei.repo old/
    root@dlp10:30:11/etc/yum.repos.d# ls
    Centos7-Base-yunwei.repo  ceph-yunwei.repo  epel-testing.repo  old
    ceph.repo                 epel.repo         epel-yunwei.repo
    root@dlp10:30:11/etc/yum.repos.d#
    root@dlp10:30:12/etc/yum.repos.d#
    root@dlp10:30:12/etc/yum.repos.d# yum clean all
    root@dlp10:30:12/etc/yum.repos.d# yum makecache
    root@bushu12:25:30~/cephjrpm# yum localinstall ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm -y
    已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
    正在检查 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm: ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch
    ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm 将被安装
    正在解决依赖关系
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 ceph-deploy.noarch.0.1.5.39-0 将被 安装
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 python-distribute,它被软件包 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 需要
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 python-setuptools.noarch.0.0.9.8-7.el7 将被 安装
    --> 解决依赖关系完成
    
    依赖关系解决
    
    =============================================================================================================================
     Package                        架构                版本                     源                                         大小
    =============================================================================================================================
    正在安装:
     ceph-deploy                    noarch              1.5.39-0                 /ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch              1.3 M
    为依赖而安装:
     python-setuptools              noarch              0.9.8-7.el7              base                                      397 k
    
    事务概要
    =============================================================================================================================
    安装  1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)
    
    总计:1.6 M
    总下载量:397 k
    安装大小:3.2 M
    Downloading packages:
    python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm                                                              | 397 kB  00:00:00     
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
      正在安装    : python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch                                                                     1/2 
      正在安装    : ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch                                                                              2/2 
      验证中      : ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch                                                                              1/2 
      验证中      : python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch                                                                     2/2 
    
    已安装:
      ceph-deploy.noarch 0:1.5.39-0                                                                                              
    
    作为依赖被安装:
      python-setuptools.noarch 0:0.9.8-7.el7                                                                                     
    
    完毕!
    查看版本:
    root@bushu12:55:58~/cephjrpm#ceph -v
    ceph version 10.2.11 (e4b061b47f07f583c92a050d9e84b1813a35671e)
    (5)在部署节点(cent用户下执行):配置新集群
    ceph-deploy new node1 node2 node3
    vim ./ceph.conf
    添加:
    osd_pool_default_size = 1
    osd_pool_default_min_size = 1
    mon_clock_drift_allowed = 2
    mon_clock_drift_warn_backoff = 3
     可选参数如下:
    public_network = 192.168.254.0/24
    cluster_network = 172.16.254.0/24
    osd_pool_default_size = 3
    osd_pool_default_min_size = 1
    osd_pool_default_pg_num = 8
    osd_pool_default_pgp_num = 8
    osd_crush_chooseleaf_type = 1
     
    [mon]
    mon_clock_drift_allowed = 0.5
     
    [osd]
    osd_mkfs_type = xfs
    osd_mkfs_options_xfs = -f
    filestore_max_sync_interval = 5
    filestore_min_sync_interval = 0.1
    filestore_fd_cache_size = 655350
    filestore_omap_header_cache_size = 655350
    filestore_fd_cache_random = true
    osd op threads = 8
    osd disk threads = 4
    filestore op threads = 8
    max_open_files = 655350
     
    (6)在部署节点执行(cent用户下执行):所有节点安装ceph软件
    所有节点有如下软件包:
    root@rab116:13:59~/cephjrpm#ls
    ceph-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm               ceph-resource-agents-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm    librbd1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-base-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm          ceph-selinux-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm            librbd1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-common-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm        ceph-test-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm               librgw2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-devel-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm  libcephfs1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm              librgw2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    cephfs-java-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm        libcephfs1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm        python-ceph-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm          libcephfs_jni1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm          python-cephfs-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-libs-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm   libcephfs_jni1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm    python-rados-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-mds-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm           librados2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm               python-rbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-mon-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm           librados2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm         rbd-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-osd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm           libradosstriper1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm        rbd-mirror-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ceph-radosgw-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm       libradosstriper1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm  rbd-nbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm
    所有节点安装上述软件包(包括客户端):
    yum localinstall ./* -y
     
    (7)在部署节点执行,所有节点安装ceph软件
    ceph-deploy install dlp node1 node2 node3
     
    (8)在部署节点初始化集群(cent用户下执行):
    ceph-deploy mon create-initial
     
    (9)在osd节点prepare Object Storage Daemon :
    mkdir /data && chown ceph.ceph /data
     
    (10)每个节点将第二块硬盘做分区,并格式化为xfs文件系统挂载到/data:
    root@con116:45:22/#fdisk /dev/vdb
     
    root@con116:45:22/#lsblk
    NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    vda         252:0    0   40G  0 disk
    ├─vda1      252:1    0  512M  0 part /boot
    └─vda2      252:2    0 39.5G  0 part
     ├─cl-root 253:0    0 35.5G  0 lvm  /
     └─cl-swap 253:1    0    4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
    vdb         252:16   0   10G  0 disk
    └─vdb1      252:17   0   10G  0 part
     
    root@rab116:54:35/#mkfs -t xfs /dev/vdb1
     
    root@rab116:54:50/#mount /dev/vdb1 /data/
     
    root@rab116:56:39/#lsblk
    NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    vda         252:0    0   40G  0 disk
    ├─vda1      252:1    0  512M  0 part /boot
    └─vda2      252:2    0 39.5G  0 part
     ├─cl-root 253:0    0 35.5G  0 lvm  /
     └─cl-swap 253:1    0    4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
    vdb         252:16   0   10G  0 disk
    └─vdb1      252:17   0   10G  0 part /data
    
    (11)在/data/下面创建osd挂载目录:
    mkdir /data/osd
    chown -R ceph.ceph /data/
    chmod 750 /data/osd/
    ln -s /data/osd /var/lib/ceph
    注意:准备前先将硬盘做文件系统 xfs,挂载到/var/lib/ceph/osd,并且注意属主和属主为ceph:
    列出节点磁盘:ceph-deploy disk list node1
    擦净节点磁盘:ceph-deploy disk zap node1:/dev/vdb1
     
    (12)准备Object Storage Daemon:
    ceph-deploy osd prepare node1:/var/lib/ceph/osd node2:/var/lib/ceph/osd node3:/var/lib/ceph/osd
     
    (13)激活Object Storage Daemon:
    ceph-deploy osd activate node1:/var/lib/ceph/osd node2:/var/lib/ceph/osd node3:/var/lib/ceph/osd
     
    (14)在部署节点transfer config files
    ceph-deploy admin dlp node1 node2 node3
    sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
     
    (15)在ceph集群中任意节点检测:
    ceph -s

    三、客户端设置:

    (1)客户端也要有cent用户:
    useradd cent && echo "123" | passwd --stdin cent
    echo-e 'Defaults:cent !requiretty
    cent ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL' | tee /etc/sudoers.d/ceph
    chmod440 /etc/sudoers.d/ceph
    在部署节点执行,安装ceph客户端及设置:
    ceph-deploy install controller
    ceph-deploy admin controller
     
    (2)客户端执行
    sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
     
    (3)客户端执行,块设备rdb配置:
    创建rbd:rbd create disk01 --size 10G --image-feature layering    删除:rbd rm disk01
    列示rbd:rbd ls -l
    映射rbd的image map:sudo rbd map disk01      取消映射:sudo rbd unmap disk01
    显示map:rbd showmapped
    格式化disk01文件系统xfs:sudo mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd0
    挂载硬盘:sudo mount /dev/rbd0 /mnt
    验证是否挂着成功:df -hT
     
    (4)File System配置:
    在部署节点执行,选择一个node来创建MDS:
    ceph-deploy mds create node1
    以下操作在node1上执行:
    sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
    在MDS节点node1上创建 cephfs_data 和  cephfs_metadata 的 pool
    ceph osd pool create cephfs_data 128
    ceph osd pool create cephfs_metadata 128
    开启pool:
    ceph fs new cephfs cephfs_metadata cephfs_data
    显示ceph fs:
    ceph fs ls
    ceph mds stat
     
    以下操作在客户端执行,安装ceph-fuse:
    yum -y install ceph-fuse
    获取admin key:
    sshcent@node1"sudo ceph-authtool -p /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring" > admin.key
    chmod600 admin.key
    挂载ceph-fs:
    mount-t ceph node1:6789:/ /mnt -o name=admin,secretfile=admin.key
    df-hT
     
    停止ceph-mds服务:
    systemctl stop ceph-mds@node1
    ceph mds fail 0
    ceph fs rm cephfs --yes-i-really-mean-it
     
    ceph osd lspools
    显示结果:0 rbd,1 cephfs_data,2 cephfs_metadata,
     
    ceph osd pool rm cephfs_metadata cephfs_metadata --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
    

    四、删除环境:

    ceph-deploy purge dlp node1 node2 node3 controller
    ceph-deploy purgedata dlp node1 node2 node3 controller
    ceph-deploy forgetkeys
    rm -rf ceph*
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/cloudhere/p/10519647.html
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