20200609
centos7增加python3版本环境
一、旧版本信息
[root@mysql_master 17:00:23]:/usr/libexec
#python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug 7 2019, 00:51:29)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
二、注意事项
切记不可随意删除系统自带python版本,因为系统有很多软件依赖着
三、安装办法
yum
手动下载并编译python源代码安装
3.1源码安装教程
3.1.1.下载安装包和安装依赖
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/Python-3.6.8.tgz
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make
3.1.2.解压安装包
tax -xvf Python-3.6.8.tgz
3.1.3安装指定版本python
3.1.3.1.预配置
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.6.8 --with-ssl
3.1.3.1.编译安装
sudo make
sudo make install
3.1.4.删除就版本python默认软链指向
1.查看python现有信息
2.重命名旧的python软链
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip.bak
3.建立python新软链和pip软链
ln -s /usr/local/python3.6.8/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python368
ln -s /usr/local/python3.6.8/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
4.测试版本
root@chenwx:/usr/bin# python
Python 3.6.8 (default, Jun 9 2020, 14:37:48)
[GCC 7.5.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
3.1.5.指定默认python版本
如上步操作所示,已经制定python3.6.8版本是默认python版本
3.1.6.使用alternatives 来为整个系统更改Python版本
alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 1
alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.6 2
alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/bin/pip2.7 1
alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/local/bin/pip3.6 2
设置默认版本
alternatives --config python
四.切换python3委默认后yum出问题解决
vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
vi /usr/bin/yum
首行的#! /usr/bin/python
都改为#! /usr/bin/python2.7
firewall-cmd也需要手工设置一下
# vim /usr/bin/firewall-cmd
首行改为
#!/usr/bin/python2.7 -Es