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  • MySQL备份与恢复(4)mysqldump备份表

    一、备份单个表

        语法:mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 表名 >备份的文件名

        mysqldump -u root -pdubin oldboy test >/opt/table.sql

        执行结果:

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -pdubin oldboy test >/opt/table.sql
    [root@localhost ~]# egrep -v "#|*|--|^$" /opt/table.sql 
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `test`;
    CREATE TABLE `test` (
      `id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` char(20) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    LOCK TABLES `test` WRITE;
    INSERT INTO `test` VALUES (1,'oldboy'),(2,'oldgirl'),(3,'inca'),(4,'zuma'),(5,'kaka');
    UNLOCK TABLES;

    二、备份多个表

        语法:mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 表名1 表名2 >备份的文件名

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -pdubin oldboy test student>/opt/table.sql
    [root@localhost ~]# egrep -v "#|*|--|^$" /opt/table.sql 
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `test`;
    CREATE TABLE `test` (
      `id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` char(20) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    LOCK TABLES `test` WRITE;
    INSERT INTO `test` VALUES (1,'oldboy'),(2,'oldgirl'),(3,'inca'),(4,'zuma'),(5,'kaka');
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
    CREATE TABLE `student` (
      `id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` char(20) NOT NULL,
      `age` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
      `dept` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
      UNIQUE KEY `uni_inde_name` (`name`),
      KEY `index_dept` (`dept`(8)),
      KEY `ind_name_dept` (`name`(8),`dept`(10))
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    LOCK TABLES `student` WRITE;
    UNLOCK TABLES;

        分表备份缺点:文件多,碎。

          1、备一个完整全备,再做一个分库分表备份。

          2、脚本批量服务多个SQL文件。

     三、备份表结构    -d

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -pdubin oldboy test -d >/opt/table.sql
    [root@localhost ~]# egrep -v "#|*|--|^$" /opt/table.sql 
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `test`;
    CREATE TABLE `test` (
      `id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` char(20) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

    四、备份数据   -t(只导出数据)

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -pdubin oldboy test -t --compact
    INSERT INTO `test` VALUES (1,'oldboy'),(2,'oldgirl'),(3,'inca'),(4,'zuma'),(5,'kaka');

     五、刷新binlog参数

    -F
    --master-data
    [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pdubin --master-data=1 --compact oldboy
    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysqlbin_oldboy.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=14729;

         记录当时的文件大小

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog /application/mysql/data/mysqlbin_oldboy.000001
    /*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
    /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
    /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
    DELIMITER /*!*/;
    # at 4
    #190920 22:12:42 server id 1  end_log_pos 107     Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.5.32-log created 190920 22:12:42 at startup
    ROLLBACK/*!*/;
    BINLOG '
    Wt6EXQ8BAAAAZwAAAGsAAAAAAAQANS41LjMyLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABa3oRdEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVAAEGggAAAAICAgCAA==
    '/*!*/;
    # at 107
    #190920 22:13:02 server id 1  end_log_pos 177     Query    thread_id=1    exec_time=0    error_code=0
    SET TIMESTAMP=1568988782/*!*/;
    SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=1/*!*/;
    SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
    SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
    /*!C utf8 *//*!*/;
    SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;
    SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
    SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
    BEGIN
    /*!*/;
    --mater-data=2    备份的记录提示前加注释,恢复的时候不执行该条语句
    [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pdubin --master-data=2 --compact oldboy
    -- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysqlbin_oldboy.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=14729;
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/cnxy168/p/11644097.html
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