系统资源限制设置
vi /etc/security/limits.conf * soft nofile 1024000 * hard nofile 1024000 * soft noproc 1024000 * hard noproc 1024000 * soft core 1024000 * hard core 1024000 * soft memlock 1024000 * hard memlock 1024000
vi /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf * soft nproc unlimited root soft nproc unlimited
SELINUX和防火墙设置
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=disabled SELINUXTYPE=targeted
OS防火墙（建议按业务场景设置，不需要就先删除所有策略，并关闭服务）
方法1
#设置默认接受所有请求 /sbin/iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT #清除防火墙规则 /sbin/iptables -F
方法2
关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
创建组及用户，并设置密码
groupadd postgres useradd -g postgres -m postgres passwd postgres
源码包下载
https://www.postgresql.org/ftp/source/v12.2/ postgresql-12.2.tar.gz
检查依赖包
rpm -q openssl openssl-devel pam pam-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-devel python-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel gettext gettext-devel bison flex uuid-devel gcc gcc-c++
systemd
配置yum源参考
https://www.cnblogs.com/connected/p/12642029.html
安装依赖包
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel pam pam-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-devel python-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel gettext gettext-devel bison flex uuid-devel gcc gcc-c++
systemd*
上传源码包到/pg-rpm
[root@centos7-6 ~]# mkdir /pg-rpm
解压并设置权限
cd /pg-rpm/ tar -zxvf postgresql-12.2.tar.gz chown -R postgres:postgres postgresql-12.2
创建pg安装目录
mkdir -p /opt/pg12 chown postgres:postgres /opt/pg12
切换用户
su - postgres
编译安装
cd /pg-rpm/postgresql-12.2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/pg12 --with-pgport=9527 --with-openssl --with-perl --with-python --with-blocksize=16
--with-systemd
如果加上“--with-systemd”后报错如下：
configure: error: header file <systemd/sd-daemon.h> is required for systemd support
则需要检查是否安装了systemd相关包，在这次验证中缺少的是 systemd-devel-219-62.el7.x86_64
参数详解
--------------- ./configure --prefix=PREFIX 把所有文件装在目录PREFIX中而不是/usr/local/pgsql中。 实际的文件会安装到数个子目录中；没有一个文件会直接安装到PREFIX根目录里。 结果如下： [postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ ls /opt/pg12/ bin include lib share [postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ --with-pgport=NUMBER 把NUMBER设置为服务器和客户端的默认端口。默认是 5432。 这个端口可以在以后修改，不过如果你在这里声明，那么服务器和客户端将有相同的编译好了的默认值。这样会非常方便些。 通常选取一个非默认值的理由是你企图在同一台机器上运行多个PostgreSQL服务器。 --with-openssl 编译SSL（加密）连接支持。这个选项需要安装OpenSSL包。configure将会检查所需的头文件和库以确保你的 OpenSSL安装足以让配置继续下去。 --with-perl 制作PL/Perl服务器端编程语言。 --with-python 制作PL/Python服务器端编程语言。 --with-blocksize=BLOCKSIZE 设置块尺寸，以 K 字节计。这是表内存储和I/O的单位。默认值（8K字节）适合于大多数情况，但是在特殊情况下可能其他值更有用。这个值必须是2的幂并且在 1 和 32 （K字节）之间。注意修改这个值需要一次 initdb。
--with-systemd
系统服务方式管理
---------------
编译
make world
执行完成后显示的最后一行应该是：
PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation successfully made. Ready to install.
注： 源码安装postgresql时，而make时又没有make world，就会导致的pg最终没有类似pg_stat_statements的扩展功能 如果选择make ,后续手动安装pg扩展插件，请参考https://www.cnblogs.com/ejQiu-123/p/11497362.html make （一定要记得用GNU make）。依你的硬件而异，编译过程可能需要 5 分钟到半小时。显示的最后一行应该是： 如果你希望编译所有能编译的东西，包括文档（HTML和手册页）以及附加模块（contrib），这样键入： make world
安装PostgreSQL
make install-world
执行完成后显示的最后一行应该是：
PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation installation complete.
查看安装后的目录结构
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ ls /opt/pg12/ bin include lib share [postgres@centos7-6 ~]$
创建数据存放目录并设置权限
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ mkdir /opt/pg12/data
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ chown postgres:postgres /opt/pg12/data
配置环境变量
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile export PGHOME=/opt/pg12 export PGPORT=9527 export PGDATA=/opt/pg12/data export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH export PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH:.
生效环境变量
source ~/.bash_profile
创建一个数据库集簇
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ initdb -D /opt/pg12/data -E UTF8 --locale=zh_CN.utf8 The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres". This user must also own the server process. The database cluster will be initialized with locale "zh_CN.utf8". initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "zh_CN.utf8" The default text search configuration will be set to "simple". Data page checksums are disabled. fixing permissions on existing directory /opt/pg12/data ... ok creating subdirectories ... ok selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix selecting default max_connections ... 100 selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB selecting default time zone ... PRC creating configuration files ... ok running bootstrap script ... ok performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok syncing data to disk ... ok initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb. Success. You can now start the database server using: pg_ctl -D /opt/pg12/data -l logfile start [postgres@centos7-6 ~]$
启动
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ pg_ctl start waiting for server to start....2020-04-13 16:44:34.479 CST [40486] LOG: starting PostgreSQL 12.2 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36), 64-bit 2020-04-13 16:44:34.485 CST [40486] LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::1", port 9527 2020-04-13 16:44:34.485 CST [40486] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1", port 9527 2020-04-13 16:44:34.486 CST [40486] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.9527" 2020-04-13 16:44:34.499 CST [40487] LOG: database system was shut down at 2020-04-13 16:42:37 CST 2020-04-13 16:44:34.503 CST [40486] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections done server started [postgres@centos7-6 ~]$
验证安装情况
[postgres@centos7-6 ~]$ psql -Upostgres -l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+----------+----------+------------+------------+----------------------- postgres | postgres | UTF8 | zh_CN.utf8 | zh_CN.utf8 | template0 | postgres | UTF8 | zh_CN.utf8 | zh_CN.utf8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres template1 | postgres | UTF8 | zh_CN.utf8 | zh_CN.utf8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres (3 rows)
使用systemctl来管理postgres的服务了
vi /etc/systemd/system/postgresql.service [Unit] Description=PostgreSQL database server Documentation=man:postgres(1) [Service] Type=notify User=postgres ExecStart=/opt/pg12/bin/postgres -D /opt/pg12/data ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID KillMode=mixed KillSignal=SIGINT TimeoutSec=0 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
使用systemctl来管理postgres的服务
注:使用systemctl，就需要编译安装时加上参数：--with-systemd
systemctl start postgresql.service
systemctl status postgresql.service
systemctl stop postgresql.service
systemctl disable postgresql.service
systemctl enable postgresql.service