不用第三方解码库取得图片宽高 附完整C++算法实现代码

在特定的应用场景下，有时候我们只是想获取图片的宽高，

但不想通过解码图片才取得这个信息。

预先知道图片的宽高信息，进而提速图片加载，预处理等相关操作以提升体验。

在stackoverflow有一篇相关讨论。

Get Image size WITHOUT loading image into memory
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15800704/python-get-image-size-without-loading-image-into-memory/

不加图片到内存，而取得图像的大小。

这个技巧具有一定的实用价值，博主据此进行了相应的编码。

项目地址:https://github.com/cpuimage/image_size

实现了 常用图片格式(png,jpeg,ico,bmp,gif) 不采用第三方解码库，解析得到图像宽高的函数get_image_size_without_decode_image。

bool get_image_size_without_decode_image(const char* file_path, int*width, int*height,int *filesize);

完整代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1310) /*Visual Studio: A few warning types are not desired here.*/
#pragma warning( disable : 4996 ) /*VS does not like fopen, but fopen_s is not standard C so unusable here*/
#endif /*_MSC_VER */

unsigned long byteswap_ulong(unsigned long i)
{
    unsigned int j;
    j = (i << 24);
    j += (i << 8) & 0x00FF0000;
    j += (i >> 8) & 0x0000FF00;
    j += (i >> 24);
    return j;
}

inline int Abs(int x) {
    return  (x ^ (x >> 31)) - (x >> 31);
}

unsigned short byteswap_ushort(unsigned short i)
{
    unsigned short j;
    j = (i << 8);
    j += (i >> 8);
    return j;
}

//Get Image size WITHOUT loading image into memory
//ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15800704/python-get-image-size-without-loading-image-into-memory/

bool get_image_size_without_decode_image(const char* file_path, int*width, int*height, int * file_size)
{
    bool has_image_size = false;
    *height = -1;
    *width = -1;
    *file_size = -1;
    FILE * fp = fopen(file_path, "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
        return has_image_size;
    struct stat st;
    char sigBuf[26];
    if (fstat(fileno(fp), &st) < 0)
    {
        fclose(fp);
        return has_image_size;
    }
    else
    {
        *file_size = st.st_size;
    }
    if (fread(&sigBuf, 26, 1, fp) < 1)
    {
        fclose(fp);
        return has_image_size;
    }
    char* png_signature = "211PNG
32
";
    char* ihdr_signature = "IHDR";
    char* gif87_signature = "GIF87a";
    char* gif89_signature = "GIF89a";
    char* jpeg_signature = "377330";
    char* bmp_signature = "BM";
    if ((*file_size >= 10) && (memcmp(sigBuf, gif87_signature, strlen(gif87_signature)) == 0 || memcmp(sigBuf, gif89_signature, strlen(gif89_signature)) == 0))
    {
        // image type: gif
        unsigned short* size_info = (unsigned short*)(sigBuf + 6);
        *width = size_info[0];
        *height = size_info[1];
        has_image_size = true;
    }
    else if ((*file_size >= 24) && (memcmp(sigBuf, png_signature, strlen(png_signature)) == 0 && memcmp(sigBuf + 12, ihdr_signature, strlen(ihdr_signature)) == 0))
    {
        // image type:   png
        unsigned long* size_info = (unsigned long*)(sigBuf + 16);
        *width = byteswap_ulong(size_info[0]);
        *height = byteswap_ulong(size_info[1]);
        has_image_size = true;
    }
    else if ((*file_size >= 16) && (memcmp(sigBuf, png_signature, strlen(png_signature)) == 0))
    {
        // image type: old png
        unsigned long* size_info = (unsigned long*)(sigBuf + 8);
        *width = byteswap_ulong(size_info[0]);
        *height = byteswap_ulong(size_info[1]);
        has_image_size = true;
    }
    else if ((*file_size >= 2) && (memcmp(sigBuf, jpeg_signature, strlen(jpeg_signature)) == 0))
    {
        // image type: jpeg
        fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
        char b = 0;
        fread(&sigBuf, 2, 1, fp);
        fread(&b, 1, 1, fp);
        int w = -1;
        int h = -1;
        while (b && ((unsigned char)b & 0xff) != 0xDA) {
            while (((unsigned char)b & 0xff) != 0xFF)
            {
                fread(&b, 1, 1, fp);
            }
            while (((unsigned char)b & 0xff) == 0xFF) {
                fread(&b, 1, 1, fp);
            }
            if (((unsigned char)b & 0xff) >= 0xC0 && ((unsigned char)b & 0xff) <= 0xC3)
            {
                fread(&sigBuf, 3, 1, fp);
                fread(&sigBuf, 4, 1, fp);
                unsigned short* size_info = (unsigned short*)(sigBuf);
                h = byteswap_ushort(size_info[0]);
                w = byteswap_ushort(size_info[1]);
            }
            else
            {
                unsigned short chunk_size = 0;
                fread(&chunk_size, 2, 1, fp);
                if (fseek(fp, byteswap_ushort(chunk_size) - 2, SEEK_CUR) != 0)
                    break;
            }
            fread(&b, 1, 1, fp);
        }
        if (w != -1 && h != -1)
        {
            *width = w;
            *height = h;
        }
        has_image_size = true;
    }
    else if ((*file_size >= 26) && (memcmp(sigBuf, bmp_signature, strlen(bmp_signature)) == 0))
    {
        // image type: bmp
        unsigned int header_size = (*(sigBuf + 14));
        if (header_size == 12)
        {
            unsigned short* size_info = (unsigned short*)(sigBuf + 18);
            *width = size_info[0];
            *height = size_info[1];
        }
        else if (header_size >= 40)
        {
            unsigned int* size_info = (unsigned int*)(sigBuf + 18);
            *width = size_info[0];
            *height = Abs((size_info[1]));
        }
        has_image_size = true;
    }
    else if (*file_size >= 2)
    {
        // image type: ico
        fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
        unsigned short format = -1;
        unsigned short reserved = -1;
        fread(&reserved, 2, 1, fp);
        fread(&format, 2, 1, fp);
        if (reserved == 0 && format == 1)
        {
            unsigned short num = -1;
            fread(&num, 2, 1, fp);
            if (num > 1)
            {
                printf("this is a muti-ico file.");
            }
            else
            {
                char w = 0, h = 0;
                fread(&w, 1, 1, fp);
                fread(&h, 1, 1, fp);
                *width = (int)((unsigned char)w & 0xff);
                *height = (int)((unsigned char)h & 0xff);
            }
        }
        has_image_size = true;
    }
    if (fp != NULL)
        fclose(fp);
    return has_image_size;
}

int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    const char * pic_file = "lookmanodeps.png";
    int w = 0;
    int h = 0;
    int filesize = 0;
    get_image_size_without_decode_image(pic_file, &w, &h, &filesize);
    printf("file:%s
filesize:%d
%d
height%d
", pic_file, filesize, w, h);
    getchar();
}

传入图片的位置，输出对应的宽高，高和宽 为-1时，就是解析失败了。

代码比较简单，不多注释了。

若有其他相关问题或者需求可以邮件联系俺探讨。

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gaozhihan@vip.qq.com