自带包 ！！！！！！！
系统：CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso 系统中已有的包
openssl包 /etc/pki/CA,/etc/pki/tls
nss包 /etc/pki/nssdb
centos-release包 /etc/pki/rpm-gpg
ca-certificates包 /etc/pki/ca-trust,/etc/pki/java
basesystem包 这两个包(contains no files)
gpg-pubkey-c105b9de-4e0fd3a3包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|sort
acl-2.2.49-6.el6.x86_64 #getfacl-setfacl
attr-2.4.44-7.el6.x86_64 #getfattr-setfattr
audit-2.2-2.el6.x86_64 #audit服务
audit-libs-2.2-2.el6.x86_64
authconfig-6.1.12-13.el6.x86_64 #authconfig-tui 代替原来的setup，配置认证的 #有pam模块，python开发
b43-openfwwf-5.2-4.el6.noarch http://www.ing.unibs.it/~openfwwf/index.php
basesystem-10.0-4.el6.noarch
bash-4.1.2-15.el6_4.x86_64 #bash相关
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 #readelf-size-ld
bridge-utils-1.2-10.el6.x86_64 #brctl
bzip2-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64 #bzip2
bzip2-libs-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64 #纯so模块
ca-certificates-2013.1.94-65.0.el6.noarch #生成/etc/pki下相关的文件
centos-release-6-5.el6.centos.11.1.x86_64 #生成/etc/issue,/etc/centos-release等
checkpolicy-2.0.22-1.el6.x86_64
chkconfig-1.3.49.3-2.el6_4.1.x86_64 #chkconfig及/etc/rc0.d等
coreutils-8.4-31.el6.x86_64 #cat-tac-tee-paste-cut-stat-printf-echo-date-expr-seq-who
coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6.x86_64 #
cpio-2.10-11.el6_3.x86_64 #cpio
cracklib-2.8.16-4.el6.x86_64
cracklib-dicts-2.8.16-4.el6.x86_64
cronie-1.4.4-12.el6.x86_64
cronie-anacron-1.4.4-12.el6.x86_64
crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch
cryptsetup-luks-1.2.0-7.el6.x86_64
cryptsetup-luks-libs-1.2.0-7.el6.x86_64
curl-7.19.7-37.el6_4.x86_64 #curl
cyrus-sasl-2.1.23-13.el6_3.1.x86_64
cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.23-13.el6_3.1.x86_64
dash-0.5.5.1-4.el6.x86_64 #posix sh
db4-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64
db4-utils-4.7.25-18.el6_4.x86_64
dbus-glib-0.86-6.el6.x86_64
dbus-libs-1.2.24-7.el6_3.x86_64
device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 #udev相关
device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64
device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64
device-mapper-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64
device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64
device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64
device-mapper-persistent-data-0.2.8-2.el6.x86_64
dhclient-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos.x86_64
dhcp-common-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos.x86_64
diffutils-2.8.1-28.el6.x86_64 #diff-cmp
dracut-004-335.el6.noarch
dracut-kernel-004-335.el6.noarch
e2fsprogs-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64 #dumpe2fs-tune2fs-fsck,resize2fs,lsattr,chattr,badblocks
e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64
efibootmgr-0.5.4-11.el6.x86_64
elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64
ethtool-3.5-1.el6.x86_64 #ethtool网络小工具
expat-2.0.1-11.el6_2.x86_64 #纯so模块
file-5.04-15.el6.x86_64 #file
file-libs-5.04-15.el6.x86_64
filesystem-2.4.30-3.el6.x86_64 #生成目录层次结构的
findutils-4.4.2-6.el6.x86_64 #find-xargs
fipscheck-1.2.0-7.el6.x86_64
fipscheck-lib-1.2.0-7.el6.x86_64
fuse-2.8.3-4.el6.x86_64
gamin-0.1.10-9.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
gawk-3.1.7-10.el6.x86_64 #awk-gawk
gdbm-1.8.0-36.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
glib2-2.26.1-3.el6.x86_64
glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 #ldconfig
glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 #getconf-iconv-locale-rpcgen-zdump-tzselect-ldd
gmp-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.x86_64 #纯so模块
gnupg2-2.0.14-6.el6_4.x86_64
gpgme-1.1.8-3.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
gpg-pubkey-c105b9de-4e0fd3a3
grep-2.6.3-4.el6.x86_64 #grep
groff-1.18.1.4-21.el6.x86_64 #与man和info类似
grub-0.97-83.el6.x86_64
grubby-7.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 #命令行grub配置工具
gzip-1.3.12-19.el6_4.x86_64 #gzip-gunzip
hwdata-0.233-9.1.el6.noarch
info-4.13a-8.el6.x86_64 #info
initscripts-9.03.40-2.el6.centos.x86_64 #生成/etc/sysconfig相关文件 生成utmp-wtmp-btmp相关文件 ipcalc
iproute-2.6.32-31.el6.x86_64 #ip-ss #新的网络管理工具，准备替换net-tools包
iptables-1.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 #iptables
iptables-ipv6-1.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
iputils-20071127-17.el6_4.2.x86_64 #ping-tracepath（替换了traceroute）
iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.873-10.el6.x86_64 #iscsiadm
kbd-1.15-11.el6.x86_64
kbd-misc-1.15-11.el6.noarch
kernel-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #内核
kernel-firmware-2.6.32-431.el6.noarch #网卡驱动之类的
keyutils-libs-1.4-4.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
kpartx-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64
krb5-libs-1.10.3-10.el6_4.6.x86_64 #纯so模块
less-436-10.el6.x86_64 #less
libacl-2.2.49-6.el6.x86_64
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
libattr-2.4.44-7.el6.x86_64
libblkid-2.17.2-12.14.el6.x86_64
libcap-2.16-5.5.el6.x86_64
libcap-ng-0.6.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64
libcom_err-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64
libcurl-7.19.7-37.el6_4.x86_64
libdrm-2.4.45-2.el6.x86_64
libedit-2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6.x86_64
libffi-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64
libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
libgcrypt-1.4.5-11.el6_4.x86_64
libgpg-error-1.7-4.el6.x86_64
libidn-1.18-2.el6.x86_64
libnih-1.0.1-7.el6.x86_64
libpciaccess-0.13.1-2.el6.x86_64
libselinux-2.0.94-5.3.el6_4.1.x86_64
libselinux-utils-2.0.94-5.3.el6_4.1.x86_64
libsemanage-2.0.43-4.2.el6.x86_64
libsepol-2.0.41-4.el6.x86_64
libss-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64
libssh2-1.4.2-1.el6.x86_64
libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
libtasn1-2.3-3.el6_2.1.x86_64
libudev-147-2.51.el6.x86_64
libusb-0.1.12-23.el6.x86_64
libuser-0.56.13-5.el6.x86_64
libutempter-1.1.5-4.1.el6.x86_64
libuuid-2.17.2-12.14.el6.x86_64
libxml2-2.7.6-14.el6.x86_64
logrotate-3.7.8-17.el6.x86_64 #logrotate
lsof-4.82-4.el6.x86_64 #lsof
lua-5.1.4-4.1.el6.x86_64 #lua
lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64 #lvm,pvscan,vgscan,lvcreate,lvdisplay,vgs,lvs,pvs
lvm2-libs-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
m4-1.4.13-5.el6.x86_64 #m4
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
MAKEDEV-3.24-6.el6.x86_64
mdadm-3.2.6-7.el6.x86_64 #软raid
mingetty-1.08-5.el6.x86_64 #mingetty
module-init-tools-3.9-21.el6_4.x86_64 #lsmod-modinfo-modprobe-depmod
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
ncurses-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64
ncurses-base-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64
ncurses-libs-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64
net-tools-1.60-110.el6_2.x86_64 #ifconfig-route #老的网络管理工具
newt-0.52.11-3.el6.x86_64
newt-python-0.52.11-3.el6.x86_64
nspr-4.10.0-1.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
nss-3.15.1-15.el6.x86_64
nss-softokn-3.14.3-9.el6.x86_64
nss-softokn-freebl-3.14.3-9.el6.x86_64
nss-sysinit-3.15.1-15.el6.x86_64
nss-tools-3.15.1-15.el6.x86_64
nss-util-3.15.1-3.el6.x86_64
openldap-2.4.23-32.el6_4.1.x86_64
openssh-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 #客户机与服务器
openssh-clients-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64
openssh-server-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64
openssl-1.0.1e-15.el6.x86_64 #基础软件
p11-kit-0.18.5-2.el6.x86_64
p11-kit-trust-0.18.5-2.el6.x86_64
pam-1.1.1-17.el6.x86_64
passwd-0.77-4.el6_2.2.x86_64 #passwd #有pam模块
pciutils-libs-3.1.10-2.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
pcre-7.8-6.el6.x86_64 #pcretest-pcregrep
pinentry-0.7.6-6.el6.x86_64
pkgconfig-0.23-9.1.el6.x86_64
plymouth-0.8.3-27.el6.centos.x86_64
plymouth-core-libs-0.8.3-27.el6.centos.x86_64
plymouth-scripts-0.8.3-27.el6.centos.x86_64
policycoreutils-2.0.83-19.39.el6.x86_64 #sestatus-setsebool #selinux相关
popt-1.13-7.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
postfix-2.6.6-2.2.el6_1.x86_64 #邮件服务器
procps-3.2.8-25.el6.x86_64 #w-top-ps-free-sysctl-watch-uptime-vmstat-pmap-tload-slabtop-pgrep-pkill
psmisc-22.6-15.el6_0.1.x86_64 #fuser-pstree
pth-2.0.7-9.3.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
pygpgme-0.1-18.20090824bzr68.el6.x86_64
python-2.6.6-51.el6.x86_64
python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch
python-libs-2.6.6-51.el6.x86_64
python-pycurl-7.19.0-8.el6.x86_64
python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.el6.noarch
readline-6.0-4.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
redhat-logos-60.0.14-12.el6.centos.noarch #生成各种centos的logo图片
rootfiles-8.1-6.1.el6.noarch #生成/root/.bashrc,.bash_profile等文件
rpm-4.8.0-37.el6.x86_64 #采用bdb存储
rpm-libs-4.8.0-37.el6.x86_64
rpm-python-4.8.0-37.el6.x86_64
rsyslog-5.8.10-8.el6.x86_64
sed-4.2.1-10.el6.x86_64
selinux-policy-3.7.19-231.el6.noarch
selinux-policy-targeted-3.7.19-231.el6.noarch
setup-2.8.14-20.el6_4.1.noarch #生成/etc/passwd,profile,shells,hosts,exports,fstab,bashrc等文件
shadow-utils-4.1.4.2-13.el6.x86_64
shared-mime-info-0.70-4.el6.x86_64
slang-2.2.1-1.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
sqlite-3.6.20-1.el6.x86_64 #sqlite3 #yum客户端采用python开发，采用sqlite存储
sudo-1.8.6p3-12.el6.x86_64 #sudo-visudo #有pam模块
system-config-firewall-base-1.2.27-5.el6.noarch
sysvinit-tools-2.87-5.dsf.el6.x86_64 #last-wall-pidof
tar-1.23-11.el6.x86_64 #tar
tcp_wrappers-libs-7.6-57.el6.x86_64 #纯tcp_wrappers的so模块
tzdata-2013g-1.el6.noarch #zoneinfo相关文件 用来生成/usr/share/zoneinfo整个目录下的文件
udev-147-2.51.el6.x86_64
upstart-0.6.5-12.el6_4.1.x86_64 #init-shutdown-reboot
ustr-1.0.4-9.1.el6.x86_64
util-linux-ng-2.17.2-12.14.el6.x86_64 #more-mount-fdisk-mkfs-whereis-hwclock-setterm-hexdump-sfdisk
util-linux-2.13-0.52.el5_4.1 32位下面的包
vim-minimal-7.2.411-1.8.el6.x86_64 #vi
which-2.19-6.el6.x86_64 #which
xfsprogs-3.1.1-14.el6.x86_64 #xfs_info-xfs_growfs-xfs_admin
yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch #yum #python开发的包
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch
zlib-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64 #纯so模块
centos7.2的包，去除了一些包，添加了一些包，合并改名了一些包
默认286个包，以下是与c6.5的差别，以下是新添加的70个包，其它的未做记录
安装了man及其三个包，包名也变成man-db了
man-db-2.6.3-9.el7.x86_64
xz-5.1.2-12alpha.el7.x86_64
xz-libs-5.1.2-12alpha.el7.x86_64
virt-what-1.13-6.el7.x86_64 #这个包比较有意思，
wpa_supplicant-2.0-17.el7_1.x86_64
trousers-0.3.13-1.el7.x86_64
tuned-2.5.1-4.el7.noarch
systemd-219-19.el7.x86_64
systemd-libs-219-19.el7.x86_64
systemd-sysv-219-19.el7.x86_64
pygobject3-base-3.14.0-3.el7.x86_64
pyliblzma-0.5.3-11.el7.x86_64
python-configobj-4.7.2-7.el7.noarch
python-decorator-3.4.0-3.el7.noarch
python-perf-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
python-pyudev-0.15-7.el7.noarch
pyxattr-0.5.1-5.el7.x86_64
polkit-0.112-5.el7.x86_64
polkit-pkla-compat-0.1-4.el7.x86_64
parted-3.1-23.el7.x86_64
nettle-2.7.1-4.el7.x86_64
NetworkManager-1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
NetworkManager-libnm-1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
NetworkManager-tui-1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
NetworkManager-wifi-1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
microcode_ctl-2.1-12.el7.x86_64
mozjs17-17.0.0-12.el7.x86_64
kmod-20-5.el7.x86_64
kmod-libs-20-5.el7.x86_64
irqbalance-1.0.7-5.el7.x86_64
ivtv-firmware-20080701-26.el7.noarch
iwl1000-firmware-39.31.5.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl100-firmware-39.31.5.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl105-firmware-18.168.6.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl135-firmware-18.168.6.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl2000-firmware-18.168.6.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl2030-firmware-18.168.6.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl3160-firmware-22.0.7.0-43.el7.noarch
iwl3945-firmware-15.32.2.9-43.el7.noarch
iwl4965-firmware-228.61.2.24-43.el7.noarch
iwl5000-firmware-8.83.5.1_1-43.el7.noarch
iwl5150-firmware-8.24.2.2-43.el7.noarch
iwl6000-firmware-9.221.4.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl6000g2a-firmware-17.168.5.3-43.el7.noarch
iwl6000g2b-firmware-17.168.5.2-43.el7.noarch
iwl6050-firmware-41.28.5.1-43.el7.noarch
iwl7260-firmware-22.0.7.0-43.el7.noarch
json-c-0.11-4.el7_0.x86_64
gsettings-desktop-schemas-3.14.2-1.el7.x86_64
hardlink-1.0-19.el7.x86_64
hostname-3.13-3.el7.x86_64
gnutls-3.3.8-12.el7_1.1.x86_64
gobject-introspection-1.42.0-1.el7.x86_64
gettext-0.18.2.1-4.el7.x86_64
gettext-libs-0.18.2.1-4.el7.x86_64
freetype-2.4.11-11.el7.x86_64
fxload-2002_04_11-16.el7.x86_64
dmidecode-2.12-9.el7.x86_64
dnsmasq-2.66-14.el7_1.x86_64
bind-libs-lite-9.9.4-29.el7.x86_64
bind-license-9.9.4-29.el7.noarch
biosdevname-0.6.2-1.el7.x86_64
btrfs-progs-3.19.1-1.el7.x86_64
aic94xx-firmware-30-6.el7.noarch
alsa-firmware-1.0.28-2.el7.noarch
alsa-lib-1.0.28-2.el7.x86_64
alsa-tools-firmware-1.0.28-2.el7.x86_64
avahi-autoipd-0.6.31-15.el7.x86_64
avahi-libs-0.6.31-15.el7.x86_64
独立包 ！！！！！！！
系统：CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso 系统中没有的包 需要独立安装 nc-1.84-22.el6.x86_64 #nc
wget mailx lsof-4.82-4.el6.x86_64 #lsof tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64 #tree flex bison GNU bison基本兼容Yacc，并做了一些改进。它一般与flex一起使用。 gdb-7.2-60.el6_4.1.x86_64 #gdb-gdbtui-pstack-gstack strace-4.5.19-1.17.el6.x86_64 #strace ntpdate hdparm-9.16-3.4.el6.x86_64 #hdparm sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 #sar-iostat-mpstat-pidstat-cifsstat mlocate #updatedb-locate-/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
tcp_wrapper #它的库默认是安装的 zlib-devel pcre-devel ncurses-devel kernel-devel
dmidecode-2.11-biosdecode-dmidecode-ownership-vpddecode
依赖包 ！！！！！！！
gcc 依赖于 cloog-ppl cpp glibc-devel glibc-headers libgomp mpfr ppl glibc glibc-common libgcc gcc-c++ 依赖于gcc,如果已安装gcc,则有以下依赖 libstdc++-devel libstdc++ man-1.6f-32.el6.x86_64 #man 依赖于xz,xz-lzma-compat,xz-libs三个包 nmap 依赖于libpcap tcpdump-4.0.0-3.20090921gitdf3cb4.2.el6.x86_64 #tcpdump 依赖于libpcap libpcap-devel 依赖于libpcap ntp 依赖于ntpdate smartmontools-5.42-2.el6.x86_64 #smartctl 依赖于mailx
编程环境 ！！！！！！
c编程环境 [root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc
Installing:
gcc x86_64 4.4.7-11.el6 base 10 M
Installing for dependencies:
cloog-ppl x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6 base 93 k
cpp x86_64 4.4.7-11.el6 base 3.7 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.5 updates 983 k
glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.5 updates 612 k
kernel-headers x86_64 2.6.32-504.12.2.el6 updates 3.3 M
libgomp x86_64 4.4.7-11.el6 base 133 k
mpfr x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6 base 157 k
ppl x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6 base 1.3 M
Updating for dependencies:
glibc x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.5 updates 3.8 M
glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.5 updates 14 M
libgcc x86_64 4.4.7-11.el6 base 102 k
c++编程环境,在gcc安装的基础上装c++,如果独立安装，则连同gcc一起装。 [root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc-c++
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
gcc-c++ x86_64 4.4.7-16.el6 base 4.7 M
Installing for dependencies:
libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.4.7-16.el6 base 1.6 M
Updating for dependencies:
libstdc++ x86_64 4.4.7-16.el6 base 295 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 2 Package(s)
Upgrade 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 6.6 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
openssl-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install openssl-devel
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
openssl-devel x86_64 1.0.1e-42.el6 base 1.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
keyutils-libs-devel x86_64 1.4-5.el6 base 29 k
krb5-devel x86_64 1.10.3-42.el6 base 502 k
libcom_err-devel x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 33 k
libselinux-devel x86_64 2.0.94-5.8.el6 base 137 k
libsepol-devel x86_64 2.0.41-4.el6 base 64 k
zlib-devel x86_64 1.2.3-29.el6 base 44 k
Updating for dependencies:
e2fsprogs x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 554 k
e2fsprogs-libs x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 121 k
keyutils-libs x86_64 1.4-5.el6 base 20 k
krb5-libs x86_64 1.10.3-42.el6 base 768 k
libcom_err x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 37 k
libselinux x86_64 2.0.94-5.8.el6 base 108 k
libselinux-utils x86_64 2.0.94-5.8.el6 base 82 k
libss x86_64 1.41.12-22.el6 base 42 k
openssl x86_64 1.0.1e-42.el6 base 1.5 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 7 Package(s)
Upgrade 9 Package(s)
Total download size: 5.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: n
java编程环境
[root@localhost ~]# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
java-1.7.0-openjdk x86_64 1:1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.el6_7 updates 26 M
Installing for dependencies:
ConsoleKit x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 82 k
ConsoleKit-libs x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 17 k
GConf2 x86_64 2.28.0-6.el6 base 964 k
ORBit2 x86_64 2.14.17-5.el6 base 168 k
alsa-lib x86_64 1.0.22-3.el6 base 370 k
atk x86_64 1.30.0-1.el6 base 195 k
avahi-libs x86_64 0.6.25-15.el6 base 55 k
cairo x86_64 1.8.8-6.el6_6 base 309 k
cups-libs x86_64 1:1.4.2-72.el6 base 321 k
dbus x86_64 1:1.2.24-8.el6_6 base 207 k
eggdbus x86_64 0.6-3.el6 base 91 k
flac x86_64 1.2.1-7.el6_6 base 242 k
fontconfig x86_64 2.8.0-5.el6 base 186 k
freetype x86_64 2.3.11-15.el6_6.1 base 361 k
gdk-pixbuf2 x86_64 2.24.1-6.el6_7 updates 501 k
giflib x86_64 4.1.6-3.1.el6 base 37 k
gnutls x86_64 2.8.5-18.el6 base 347 k
gtk2 x86_64 2.24.23-6.el6 base 3.2 M
hicolor-icon-theme noarch 0.11-1.1.el6 base 40 k
jasper-libs x86_64 1.900.1-16.el6_6.3 base 137 k
jpackage-utils noarch 1.7.5-3.14.el6 base 60 k
libICE x86_64 1.0.6-1.el6 base 53 k
libIDL x86_64 0.8.13-2.1.el6 base 83 k
libSM x86_64 1.2.1-2.el6 base 37 k
libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-6.el6 base 586 k
libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-6.el6 base 192 k
libXau x86_64 1.0.6-4.el6 base 24 k
libXcomposite x86_64 0.4.3-4.el6 base 20 k
libXcursor x86_64 1.1.14-2.1.el6 base 28 k
libXdamage x86_64 1.1.3-4.el6 base 18 k
libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k
libXfixes x86_64 5.0.1-2.1.el6 base 17 k
libXfont x86_64 1.4.5-5.el6_7 updates 137 k
libXft x86_64 2.3.1-2.el6 base 55 k
libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k
libXinerama x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 13 k
libXrandr x86_64 1.4.1-2.1.el6 base 23 k
libXrender x86_64 0.9.8-2.1.el6 base 24 k
libXtst x86_64 1.2.2-2.1.el6 base 19 k
libasyncns x86_64 0.8-1.1.el6 base 24 k
libfontenc x86_64 1.0.5-2.el6 base 24 k
libjpeg-turbo x86_64 1.2.1-3.el6_5 base 174 k
libogg x86_64 2:1.1.4-2.1.el6 base 21 k
libpng x86_64 2:1.2.49-1.el6_2 base 182 k
libsndfile x86_64 1.0.20-5.el6 base 233 k
libthai x86_64 0.1.12-3.el6 base 183 k
libtiff x86_64 3.9.4-10.el6_5 base 343 k
libvorbis x86_64 1:1.2.3-4.el6_2.1 base 168 k
libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-3.el6 base 110 k
pango x86_64 1.28.1-10.el6 base 351 k
pcsc-lite-libs x86_64 1.5.2-15.el6 base 28 k
pixman x86_64 0.32.4-4.el6 base 243 k
polkit x86_64 0.96-11.el6 base 162 k
pulseaudio-libs x86_64 0.9.21-21.el6 base 462 k
sgml-common noarch 0.6.3-33.el6 base 43 k
ttmkfdir x86_64 3.0.9-32.1.el6 base 43 k
tzdata-java noarch 2015g-2.el6 updates 177 k
xorg-x11-font-utils x86_64 1:7.2-11.el6 base 75 k
xorg-x11-fonts-Type1 noarch 7.2-11.el6 base 520 k
Updating for dependencies:
dbus-libs x86_64 1:1.2.24-8.el6_6 base 127 k
glib2 x86_64 2.28.8-4.el6 base 1.7 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 60 Package(s)
Upgrade 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 40 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
rpc编程环境 [root@localhost ~]# yum install rpcbind Installing:
rpcbind x86_64 0.2.0-11.el6 base 51 k
Installing for dependencies:
libgssglue x86_64 0.1-11.el6 base 23 k
libtirpc x86_64 0.2.1-10.el6 base 79 k
安装nfs-utils时连同rpc环境一起安装了 [root@localhost ~]# yum install nfs-utils Installing:
nfs-utils x86_64 1:1.2.3-54.el6 base 326 k
Installing for dependencies:
keyutils x86_64 1.4-5.el6 base 39 k
libevent x86_64 1.4.13-4.el6 base 66 k
libgssglue x86_64 0.1-11.el6 base 23 k
libtirpc x86_64 0.2.1-10.el6 base 79 k
nfs-utils-lib x86_64 1.1.5-9.el6 base 68 k
rpcbind x86_64 0.2.0-11.el6 base 51 k
Updating for dependencies:
keyutils-libs x86_64 1.4-5.el6 base 20 k perl编程环境 [root@localhost ~]# yum install perl
Installing:
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
Installing for dependencies:
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
安装mysql客户端时连同perl环境一起安装了
[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql
Installing:
mysql x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 base 894 k
Installing for dependencies:
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
Updating for dependencies:
mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 base 1.2 M
安装mysql服务端时连同客户端与perl环境一起安装了
[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-server
Installing:
mysql-server x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 base 8.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 base 894 k
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.013-3.el6 base 134 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.609-4.el6 base 705 k
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
Updating for dependencies:
mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 base 1.2 M
安装git客户端时连同perl环境一起安装了
[root@localhost ~]# yum install git
Installing:
git x86_64 1.7.1-3.el6_4.1 base 4.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
perl-Error noarch 1:0.17015-4.el6 base 29 k
perl-Git noarch 1.7.1-3.el6_4.1 base 28 k
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
rsync x86_64 3.0.6-12.el6 base 335 k
安装snmp客户端时连同perl环境一起安装了 [root@localhost ~]# yum install net-snmp-utils Installing:
net-snmp-utils x86_64 1:5.5-50.el6_6.1 updates 174 k
Installing for dependencies:
lm_sensors-libs x86_64 3.1.1-17.el6 base 38 k
net-snmp-libs x86_64 1:5.5-50.el6_6.1 updates 1.5 M
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
安装snmp服务端时连同perl环境一起安装了，snmp客户端与server端可分别独立安装，不像ntp服务端,mysql服务端时连同客户端一同安装 [root@localhost ~]# yum install net-snmp Installing:
net-snmp x86_64 1:5.5-50.el6_6.1 updates 306 k
Installing for dependencies:
lm_sensors-libs x86_64 3.1.1-17.el6 base 38 k
net-snmp-libs x86_64 1:5.5-50.el6_6.1 updates 1.5 M
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
服务器环境
安装openldap服务器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install openldap-servers
Installing:
openldap-servers x86_64 2.4.39-8.el6 base 2.0 M
Installing for dependencies:
libtool-ltdl x86_64 2.2.6-15.5.el6 base 44 k
portreserve x86_64 0.0.4-9.el6 base 23 k
Updating for dependencies:
openldap x86_64 2.4.39-8.el6 base 280 k
安装web服务器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install httpd
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.2.15-47.el6.centos updates 830 k
Installing for dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.3.9-5.el6_2 base 123 k
apr-util x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 base 87 k
apr-util-ldap x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 base 15 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.2.15-47.el6.centos updates 77 k
mailcap noarch 2.1.31-2.el6 base 27 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 6 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.1 M
Installed size: 3.6 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
安装php环境，前提是httpd已经安装，否则独立安装php时，会连同httpd服务器一同安装，这一点有点搞不懂，perl，python可以独立安装，不依赖于任何应用。
[root@localhost ~]# yum install php
Installing:
php x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 updates 1.1 M
Installing for dependencies:
php-cli x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 updates 2.2 M
php-common x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 updates 527 k
php的mysql支持
[root@localhost ~]# yum install php-mysql
Installing:
php-mysql x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 updates 84 k
Installing for dependencies:
php-pdo x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 updates 78 k
php的snmp支持，会连同snmp服务端一同安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum install php-snmp
Installing:
php-snmp x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 updates 34 k
Installing for dependencies:
lm_sensors-libs x86_64 3.1.1-17.el6 base 38 k
net-snmp x86_64 1:5.5-50.el6_6.1 updates 306 k
net-snmp-libs x86_64 1:5.5-50.el6_6.1 updates 1.5 M
perl x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 10 M
perl-Module-Pluggable x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6_6.1 updates 40 k
perl-Pod-Escapes x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6_6.1 updates 32 k
perl-Pod-Simple x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6_6.1 updates 212 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6_6.1 updates 578 k
perl-version x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6_6.1 updates 51 k
系统用户认证使用openldap时要安装的包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install nss-pam-ldapd
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
nss-pam-ldapd x86_64 0.7.5-20.el6_6.3 base 152 k
Installing for dependencies:
nscd x86_64 2.12-1.166.el6_7.3 updates 227 k
pam_ldap x86_64 185-11.el6 base 88 k
Updating for dependencies:
glibc x86_64 2.12-1.166.el6_7.3 updates 3.8 M
glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.166.el6_7.3 updates 14 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Upgrade 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 18 M
安装sasl支持库，要认证加密svn账户密码时，安装下面这个包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install cyrus-sasl-md5
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
cyrus-sasl-md5 x86_64 2.1.23-15.el6_6.2 base 47 k
Updating for dependencies:
cyrus-sasl x86_64 2.1.23-15.el6_6.2 base 78 k
cyrus-sasl-lib x86_64 2.1.23-15.el6_6.2 base 136 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Upgrade 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 262 k
Is this ok [y/N]:
x-windows
[root@110-cal ~]# yum groupinstall "X Window System"
这是xorg x server的包
[root@110-cal ~]# yum install xorg-x11-server-Xorg
Installing: xorg-x11-server-Xorg x86_64 1.15.0-26.el6.centos updates 1.3 M Installing for dependencies: ConsoleKit x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 82 k ConsoleKit-libs x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 17 k cryptsetup-luks x86_64 1.2.0-11.el6 base 95 k cryptsetup-luks-libs x86_64 1.2.0-11.el6 base 51 k dbus x86_64 1:1.2.24-8.el6_6 updates 207 k dmidecode x86_64 1:2.12-5.el6_5 base 73 k eggdbus x86_64 0.6-3.el6 base 91 k freetype x86_64 2.3.11-15.el6_6.1 updates 361 k hal x86_64 0.5.14-14.el6 base 375 k hal-info noarch 20090716-3.1.el6 base 56 k hal-libs x86_64 0.5.14-14.el6 base 69 k hdparm x86_64 9.43-4.el6 base 81 k libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k libXau x86_64 1.0.6-4.el6 base 24 k libXdamage x86_64 1.1.3-4.el6 base 18 k libXdmcp x86_64 1.1.1-3.el6 base 30 k libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k libXfixes x86_64 5.0.1-2.1.el6 base 17 k libXfont x86_64 1.4.5-4.el6_6 updates 137 k libXxf86vm x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 16 k libfontenc x86_64 1.0.5-2.el6 base 24 k libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k libxkbfile x86_64 1.0.6-1.1.el6 base 74 k mesa-dri-drivers x86_64 10.1.2-2.el6 base 13 M mesa-dri-filesystem x86_64 10.1.2-2.el6 base 16 k mesa-dri1-drivers x86_64 7.11-8.el6 base 3.8 M mesa-libGL x86_64 10.1.2-2.el6 base 116 k mesa-private-llvm x86_64 3.4-3.el6 base 5.6 M pixman x86_64 0.32.4-4.el6 base 243 k pm-utils x86_64 1.2.5-11.el6 base 108 k polkit x86_64 0.96-7.el6 base 161 k system-setup-keyboard x86_64 0.7-4.el6 base 11 k xkeyboard-config noarch 2.11-1.el6 base 749 k xorg-x11-server-common x86_64 1.15.0-26.el6.centos updates 49 k xorg-x11-xkb-utils x86_64 7.7-4.el6 base 86 k Updating for dependencies: dbus-libs x86_64 1:1.2.24-8.el6_6 updates 127 k
这两个utils是不一样的
这是x.org x11 x server utilities
[root@110-cal ~]# yum install xorg-x11-server-utils
这是x.org x11 x client utilities
[root@110-cal ~]# yum install xorg-x11-utils
Installing:
xorg-x11-utils x86_64 7.5-6.el6 base 94 k
Installing for dependencies:
libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k
libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k
libXau x86_64 1.0.6-4.el6 base 24 k
libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k
libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k
libXinerama x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 13 k
libXrender x86_64 0.9.8-2.1.el6 base 24 k
libXtst x86_64 1.2.2-2.1.el6 base 19 k
libXv x86_64 1.0.9-2.1.el6 base 16 k
libXxf86dga x86_64 1.1.4-2.1.el6 base 18 k
libXxf86misc x86_64 1.0.3-4.el6 base 18 k
libXxf86vm x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 16 k
libdmx x86_64 1.1.3-3.el6 base 15 k
libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k
[root@110-cal ~]# yum install xorg-x11-server-utils
Installing:
xorg-x11-server-utils x86_64 7.7-2.el6 base 155 k
Installing for dependencies:
libICE x86_64 1.0.6-1.el6 base 53 k
libSM x86_64 1.2.1-2.el6 base 37 k
libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k
libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k
libXau x86_64 1.0.6-4.el6 base 24 k
libXcursor x86_64 1.1.14-2.1.el6 base 28 k
libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k
libXfixes x86_64 5.0.1-2.1.el6 base 17 k
libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k
libXinerama x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 13 k
libXmu x86_64 1.1.1-2.el6 base 66 k
libXrandr x86_64 1.4.1-2.1.el6 base 23 k
libXrender x86_64 0.9.8-2.1.el6 base 24 k
libXt x86_64 1.1.4-6.1.el6 base 165 k
libXxf86misc x86_64 1.0.3-4.el6 base 18 k
libXxf86vm x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 16 k
libmcpp x86_64 2.7.2-4.1.el6 base 69 k
libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k
mcpp x86_64 2.7.2-4.1.el6 base 23 k
这是x.org x11 x window system xinit startup scripts
[root@110-cal ~]# yum install xorg-x11-xinit
Installing:
xorg-x11-xinit x86_64 1.0.9-14.el6 base 43 k
Installing for dependencies:
ConsoleKit x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 82 k
ConsoleKit-libs x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 17 k
ConsoleKit-x11 x86_64 0.4.1-3.el6 base 20 k
dbus x86_64 1:1.2.24-8.el6_6 updates 207 k
eggdbus x86_64 0.6-3.el6 base 91 k
libICE x86_64 1.0.6-1.el6 base 53 k
libSM x86_64 1.2.1-2.el6 base 37 k
libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k
libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k
libXau x86_64 1.0.6-4.el6 base 24 k
libXcursor x86_64 1.1.14-2.1.el6 base 28 k
libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k
libXfixes x86_64 5.0.1-2.1.el6 base 17 k
libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k
libXinerama x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 13 k
libXmu x86_64 1.1.1-2.el6 base 66 k
libXrandr x86_64 1.4.1-2.1.el6 base 23 k
libXrender x86_64 0.9.8-2.1.el6 base 24 k
libXt x86_64 1.1.4-6.1.el6 base 165 k
libXxf86misc x86_64 1.0.3-4.el6 base 18 k
libXxf86vm x86_64 1.1.3-2.1.el6 base 16 k
libmcpp x86_64 2.7.2-4.1.el6 base 69 k
libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k
mcpp x86_64 2.7.2-4.1.el6 base 23 k
polkit x86_64 0.96-7.el6 base 161 k
xorg-x11-server-utils x86_64 7.7-2.el6 base 155 k
xorg-x11-xauth x86_64 1:1.0.2-7.1.el6 base 35 k
Updating for dependencies:
dbus-libs x86_64 1:1.2.24-8.el6_6 updates 127 k
源码包 http://xorg.freedesktop.org/releases/individual/driver/ 由centos定义的组名：User Interface/X Hardware Support 多是一些外设，及人机界面。例如触摸屏，显卡，手写板，投影机之类 闻道有先后、术业有专攻 各发行版的包可以在上面的网站中找到 xorg-x11-drv-elographics-1.4.1-2.el6.x86_64 http://www.elotouch.com/AboutElo/History/default.asp 公司历史 xorg-x11-drv-mach64-6.9.3-4.1.el6_4.x86_64 https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/mach64 The Mach 64 chip is an old graphic accelerator developped by ATI. This board has basic 3D capabilites. Its support on Linux is poor but exists. This page is a walkthrough to setup Mach 64 graphics chipsets (including ATI Rage Pro) and obtain direct rendering on some of them. xorg-x11-drv-synaptics-1.6.2-13.el6.x86_64 http://www.synaptics.com/ Synaptics公司的总部在美国加利福尼亚州圣何塞，由费根和卡弗米德成立于1986年。它是一家全球领先的移动计算、通信和娱乐设备人机界面交互开发解决方案设计制造公司。 xorg-x11-drv-evdev-2.7.3-5.el6.x86_64 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evdev evdev is a generic input event interface in the Linux kernel.[1] It generalizes raw input events from device drivers and makes them available through character devices in the /dev/input/ directory. xorg-x11-drv-acecad-1.5.0-6.el6.x86_64 http://www.acecad.com.tw/ 手写板 xorg-x11-drv-cirrus-1.5.1-2.el6.x86_64 http://www.cirrus.com/cn/ 音频解决方案 xorg-x11-drv-aiptek-1.4.1-4.el6.x86_64 http://www.aiptek.com.cn/c1.php 微型投影机，iphone 5/5s投影机 xorg-x11-drv-penmount-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 http://www.penmount.com/ touch controller xorg-x11-drv-wacom-0.16.1-4.el6.x86_64 http://www.wacom.com/zh-cn xorg-x11-drv-r128-6.9.1-1.el6.x86_64 http://www.x.org/wiki/r128/ Driver for ATI Rage128 based video chips. License: MIT xorg-x11-drv-i740-1.3.4-5.el6.x86_64 鉴于Intel的巨大影响力，很多厂商生产了采用i740芯片的显卡，价格也相对便宜，i740因此也红极一时。后来，Intel将i740改进后集成在810芯片组(被称为i752)内 此后，Intel专注于整合显卡领域，再也没有推出过独立显卡，i740成了Intel独立显卡的绝唱。 由于Intel集成显示芯片市场份额的不断扩大，直接造成了定位低端的S3、Trident等老牌显卡厂商的没落，二者后来也分别被VIA和SIS所收购。 每一代集成显卡都会为Intel拿下大笔市场份额，虽然Intel并不靠集成显卡盈利，但是却极大的促进了CPU的销量！ 但在当时Intel的技术实力不如NVIDIA和ATI，而且后续产品跟不上，因此Intel果断的放弃了独立显卡，而是创新性的将显示核心集成在了主板芯片组当中，开创了集成显卡的先河，从而大获成功！ xorg-x11-drv-glint-1.2.8-3.el6.x86_64 很多人认为世界上第一款3D显卡是3DFX公司的Voodoo，没错，Voodoo在3D初期非常的出名，但是历史上最早的3D显卡却不是它，而是来自于3Dlabs发布的GLINT 300SX图形芯片，采用GLINT 300SX芯片的3Demon SX44/SX88图形卡在当时创下了显卡价格的新纪录。 在GLINT 300SX之前的显卡只称为显示卡（Display Card或者VGA Card），而从1994年夏天3Dlabs发布划时代的GLINT 300SX图形芯片后，显卡又多了个新名字——图形卡（Graphics Card）。基于3Dlabs GLINT 300SX图形芯片的3Demon SX44/88显卡的诞生，告诉我们3D虚拟现实世界已经离我们越来越近了。 xorg-x11-drv-v4l-0.2.0-6.el6.x86_64 V4L，其全称是Video4Linux（Video for Linux），是在linux内核中关于视频设备的API接口（网上有些帖子说是内核驱动，这种说法是不妥的），涉及开关视频设备、采集并处理视频图像信息。V4L从2.1.x版本的内核中开始出现。 xorg-x11-drv-fbdev-0.4.3-2.el6.x86_64 http://www.mesa3d.org/fbdev-dri.html The fbdev/DRI environment supports hardware-accelerated 3D rendering without the X window system. This is typically used for embedded applications. http://www.xfree86.org/4.3.0/fbdev.4.html fbdev is an XFree86 driver for framebuffer devices. This is a non-accelerated driver, the following framebuffer depths are supported: 8, 15, 16, 24. xorg-x11-drv-nouveau-1.0.1-4.el6.x86_64 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_%28software%29 http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/InstallNouveau/ 说的比较详细与明确 http://tieba.baidu.com/p/1185575430 下面是百度贴吧关于这个驱动的讨论，有所启发 这是个第三方NVIDIA驱动，只支持2D，不支持3D ARCH和Gentoo安装完也只是基本环境，你不要把nouveau装上去就行了 slackware官方提供包可以关掉nouveau，参见http://mirrors.163.com/slackware/slackware64-13.37/extra/xf86-video-nouveau-blacklist/，其他发行版应该大同小异。 用grub4dos启动，加入内核参数 title Ubuntu Linux NVIDIA sda9 root (hd0,8) kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda9 nouveau.modeset=0 initrd /initrd.img 就可以彻底禁用nouveau，其它的引导器也可以，就是，要给内核一个参数： nouveau.modeset=0 xorg-x11-drv-apm-1.2.5-5.el6.x86_64 http://ardupilot.cn/ 开源自动驾驶仪 http://www.playuav.com/explore/is_recommend-1 飞控 http://bbs.5imx.com/bbs/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=893341&page=1#pid11723939 对飞控详解的较详细