pthread 线程锁和条件锁

静态初始化互斥锁，方法如下： pthread_mutex_t mutex=PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

动态方式是采用pthread_mutex_init()函数来初始化互斥锁，API定义如下：   int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *mutexattr)

pthread_mutex_lock( pthread_mutex_t *mutex) :

pthread_mutex_unlock( pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

pthread_mutex_trylock( pthread_mutex_t *mutex);  非阻塞调用模式

int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **retval); 线程阻塞函数

void pthread_exit(void *retval); 结束现场返回 ，通过retval

条件锁：

pthread_cond_t condmutex = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

pthread_cond_wait( &condmutex, &mutex);   此函数是阻塞函数，调用前后锁都是锁住的，阻塞过程中函数会打开锁，

　　pthread_cond_signal(&cond); 发送信号前锁必须是开的，否则无法跳出阻塞。

/*
 * 1p.c
 *
 *  Created on: Jan 18, 2017
 *      Author: s
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#include <pthread.h>

    unsigned count = 0;
    pthread_mutex_t count_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
    pthread_cond_t  cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

void decrement_count() {
    pthread_mutex_lock (&count_lock);
    sleep(1);
    //while(count==0)
        pthread_cond_wait( &cond, &count_lock);

    count=count -1;
    pthread_mutex_unlock (&count_lock);
    printf("decrement done,count = %d
",count);
}

void increment_count(){
    pthread_mutex_lock(&count_lock);

    if(count==0)
       // pthread_cond_signal(&cond);

    count=count+1;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&count_lock);
    printf("increment done.count = %d
",count);
}
void test()
{
    sleep(5);
    pthread_mutex_lock(&count_lock);

    printf("sleep 5s 
");
    pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&count_lock);
}

int main()
{


    pthread_t idone,idtwo,id3;
    int ret;
    ret=pthread_create(&idone,NULL,(void *) decrement_count,NULL);
    if(ret!=0){
    printf ("Create pthread 1 error!/n");
    exit (1);
    }

    ret=pthread_create(&idtwo,NULL,(void *) increment_count,NULL);
    if(ret!=0){
    printf ("Create pthread 2 error!/n");
    exit (1);
    }

    ret=pthread_create(&id3,NULL,(void *) test,NULL);
    if(ret!=0){
    printf ("Create pthread 3 error!/n");
    exit (1);
    }

    printf("count = %d
",count);
    printf(" exec: pthread_join(idone,NULL); 
 ");
    pthread_join(idone,NULL);
    pthread_join(idtwo,NULL);
    pthread_join(id3,NULL);

    printf("done
");
    return 0;
}

对共享资源操作前一定要获得锁.

完成操作以后一定要释放锁.

尽量短时间地占用锁.

如果有多锁, 如获得顺序是ABC连环扣, 释放顺序也应该是ABC.

线程错误返回时应该释放它所获得的锁