WTForms是一个支持多个web框架的form组件，主要用于对用户请求数据进行验证。
下载
pip3 install wtforms
下面以一个登录和注册的示例来说明
登录
from wtforms.fields import simple from wtforms.fields import core from wtforms.fields import html5 from wtforms import widgets from wtforms import validators from wtforms import Form from .dbpool import POOL class LoginForm(Form): #首先执行后得到的结果是UnboundField()对象 name=simple.StringField( label='用户名', validators=[ validators.DataRequired(message='用户名不能为空'), ], widget=widgets.TextInput(), render_kw={'class': 'form-control'} ) pwd=simple.StringField( label='密码', validators=[ validators.DataRequired(message='密码不能为空'), ], widget=widgets.TextInput(), render_kw={'class': 'form-control'} )
@user.route('/login',methods=['GET','POST']) def login(): if request.method=='GET': form=LoginForm() print(form) return render_template('login.html',form=form) else: form=LoginForm(request.form) if form.validate(): #数据库连接池创建链接 conn=POOL.connection() cursor=conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor) sql='select * from userinfo where username=%s and pwd=%s ' print(form.data) username=form.data.get('name') pwd=form.data.get('pwd') cursor.execute(sql,[username,pwd]) user=cursor.fetchone() cursor.close() conn.close() if user: session['user']=user login_log.send() return render_template('index.html',user=user) return render_template('login.html',form=form,msg='用户名或密码错误') return render_template('login.html',form=form,)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>用户登录</h1> <form method="post"> <p>{{ form.name.label }}{{ form.name }}{{ form.name.errors[0] }}</p> <p>{{ form.pwd.label }}{{ form.pwd }}{{ form.pwd.errors[0] }}</p> <input type="submit" value="提交"> {{ msg }} </form> </body> </html>
注册:
class RegisterForm(Form): name=simple.StringField( label='用户名', validators=[ validators.DataRequired('用户名不能为空'), validators.Length(max=8,min=2,message='用户名长度在%(min)d-%(max)d之间') ], widget=widgets.TextInput(), render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}, ) pwd=simple.StringField( label='密码', validators=[ validators.DataRequired(message='密码不能为空'), validators.Length(max=8,min=5,message='密码长度必须在%(min)d-%(max)d之间'), # validators.Regexp("^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*d)(?=.*[$@$!%*?&])[A-Za-zd$@$!%*?&]{8,}", # message='密码至少8个字符，至少1个大写字母，1个小写字母，1个数字和1个特殊字符'), ], widget=widgets.TextInput(), render_kw={'class': 'form-control'} ) pwd_confirm=simple.StringField( label='请再次输入密码', validators=[ validators.DataRequired(message='不能为空'), validators.EqualTo('pwd',message='两次输入的密码不一致') ], widget=widgets.TextInput(), render_kw={'class': 'form-control'} ) email=html5.EmailField( label='邮箱', validators=[ validators.DataRequired(message='邮箱不能为空'), validators.Email(message='邮箱格式不正确') ], widget=widgets.TextInput(), render_kw={"class":"form-control"} ) gender=core.RadioField( choices=( (1,'男'), (2,'女') ), coerce=int ) city=core.SelectField( choices=( ('km','昆明'), ('bj','北京'), ('cd','成都') ) ) hobby=core.SelectMultipleField( choices='', widget=widgets.ListWidget(prefix_label=False), option_widget=widgets.CheckboxInput(), coerce = int, default = [1, 2] ) def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs): super(RegisterForm, self).__init__(*args,**kwargs) self.hobby.choices=((1, '篮球'), (2, '足球'), (3, '羽毛球')) def validate_pwd_confirm(self,field): if field.data != self.data['pwd']: # raise validators.ValidationError("密码不一致")#继续后续验证 raise validators.StopValidation("密码不一致") #不再继续后续验证 def validate_name(self,field): conn=POOL.connection() cursor=conn.cursor() sql='select * from userinfo where username=%s' cursor.execute(sql,[field.data]) user=cursor.fetchone() if user: raise validators.StopValidation("该用户名已经被注册")
@user.route('/regist',methods=['GET','POST']) def register(): if request.method=='GET': form=RegisterForm() return render_template('register.html',form=form) else: form=RegisterForm(request.form) if form.validate(): print(form.data) name=form.data.get('name') pwd=form.data.get('pwd') email=form.data.get('email') gender=form.data.get('gender') city=form.data.get('city') hobbys=form.data.get('hobby') conn=POOL.connection() cursor=conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor) sql="insert into userinfo(username,pwd,email,gender,city)VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)" cursor.execute(sql,[name,pwd,email,gender,city]) conn.commit() cursor.close() conn.close() return redirect('/login') return render_template('register.html', form=form)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <form method="post"> {% for foo in form %} <p>{{foo.label }} {{foo}}{{ foo.errors[0] }}</p> {% endfor %} <input type="submit"> </form> </body> </html>