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【2012年终总结】之三 opencv + ds采集摄像头视频简易截图工具

关于截图工具，QQ的截图可以自动选择窗口，之前以为是颜色相近的选取，后来意识到不对，应该是窗口，用spy++找到的窗口和QQ截取到的窗口也是一样的，

但是有个问题，那就是怎么选择这些窗口？我的想法是枚举所有窗口，记录这些窗口的位置和大小，然后当鼠标经过的时候用DC来画框，但是这样有个问题就是枚举到的窗口有几百个，太多了，当鼠标经过的从几百个大小的数组或vector里查找当前鼠标的位置在哪个窗口范围内实在是太拙计了，这种方法实在不太靠谱。

关于QQ的截图：拷贝当前屏幕图像然后全屏打开一个（透明？）窗口，把拷贝到的图像贴在那个全屏窗口上，然后鼠标经过窗口时画框。。。

由于没能实现后面那几步，所以只是做了一个简易的截图工具，其原理差不多，那就是：当截图时拷贝当前屏幕图像然后打开一个对话框，把这个对话框放大到屏幕大小，也就是全屏，然后把屏幕图像贴到对话框上，然后鼠标可以拖动选择区域，在拖动的时候有一个【确定】button在鼠标附近，点击这个button就可以保存选择的区域至bmp文件。当然需要考虑背景重绘的情况！

把截图工具封装成了一个类，该类继承自CWnd类，对应的对话框为IDD_DLG_CAPTURE ，在Jietu.h第15行，对话框上有一个button，在这里button的名字没改，就是button1，如果改了这个名字，对应的代码里也需要修改。

Jietu.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 
 4 // CJietu 对话框
 5 
 6 class CJietu : public CDialog
 7 {
 8     DECLARE_DYNAMIC(CJietu)
 9 
10 public:
11     CJietu(CWnd* pParent = NULL);   // 标准构造函数
12     virtual ~CJietu();
13 
14 // 对话框数据
15     enum { IDD = IDD_DLG_CAPTURE };
16 
17 protected:
18     virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV 支持
19 
20     DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
21 public:
22     afx_msg void OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);
23     afx_msg void OnPaint();
24     afx_msg void OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);
25     afx_msg void OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);
26     afx_msg BOOL OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC);
27     afx_msg void OnShowWindow(BOOL bShow, UINT nStatus);
28     virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
29 
30     void WriteBMPFile(HBITMAP hBitMap, LPTSTR filename, HDC hDC, int cx, int cy);
31 
32 protected:
33     int m_nCx;
34     int m_nCy;
35 
36     CPoint m_pointStart;  //记录起点;
37     CPoint m_pointEnd;    //记录终点;
38     bool m_bIsBegin;
39 
40     CDC m_dcGlobal;
41     HDC m_hDCGlobal;
42     HBITMAP m_hBitmapGlobal;
43     CBitmap m_bitmapGlobal;
44     CWnd *m_pWndButtonOK;  //确定 按钮; 
45 
46 public:
47     afx_msg void OnBnClickedButton1();
48 };

Jietu.cpp

  1 // Jietu.cpp : 实现文件
  2 //
  3 
  4 #include "stdafx.h"
  5 #include "CameraMonitor.h"
  6 #include "Jietu.h"
  7 
  8 
  9 // CJietu 对话框
 10 
 11 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC(CJietu, CDialog)
 12 
 13 CJietu::CJietu(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
 14     : CDialog(CJietu::IDD, pParent)
 15 { 
 16     m_nCx = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
 17     m_nCy = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);
 18     m_bIsBegin = false; 
 19 }
 20 
 21 CJietu::~CJietu()
 22 {
 23     if (m_hDCGlobal)
 24     {
 25         DeleteDC(m_hDCGlobal);
 26     }
 27     if (m_hBitmapGlobal)
 28     {
 29         DeleteObject(m_hBitmapGlobal);
 30     }
 31 
 32     if (m_dcGlobal)
 33     {
 34         m_dcGlobal.DeleteDC();
 35     }
 36 }
 37 
 38 void CJietu::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
 39 {
 40     CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
 41 }
 42 
 43 
 44 BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CJietu, CDialog)
 45     ON_WM_LBUTTONDOWN()
 46     ON_WM_PAINT()
 47     ON_WM_LBUTTONUP()
 48     ON_WM_MOUSEMOVE()
 49     ON_WM_ERASEBKGND()
 50     ON_WM_SHOWWINDOW()
 51     ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON1, &CJietu::OnBnClickedButton1)
 52 END_MESSAGE_MAP()
 53 
 54 
 55 // CJietu 消息处理程序
 56 
 57 void CJietu::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
 58 {
 59     // TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值;
 60 
 61     ClientToScreen(&point);
 62     m_pointStart = point;  //记录起点;
 63     m_bIsBegin = true; 
 64 
 65     SetCursor(AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_CROSS));
 66 
 67     CDialog::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);
 68 }
 69 
 70 void CJietu::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
 71 {
 72     // TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值;
 73     m_bIsBegin = false;
 74     ClientToScreen(&point);
 75 
 76     //鼠标左键抬起,鼠标指针恢复正常;
 77     SetCursor(AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_ARROW));
 78 
 79 
 80 
 81     CDialog::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);
 82 }
 83 
 84 void CJietu::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
 85 {
 86     // TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值; 
 87 
 88 
 89     if (true == m_bIsBegin)
 90     {
 91         int b = false;
 92         if (false == b && m_pWndButtonOK != NULL)
 93         { 
 94             m_pWndButtonOK->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);     //确定 按钮显示;
 95             b = true;
 96         }
 97 
 98         Invalidate(TRUE);  //先把之前线条的清空;  
 99         UpdateWindow(); 
100 
101         ClientToScreen(&point);   
102         m_pointEnd = point;          //记录终点;
103 
104         CPen pen(PS_SOLID, 6, RGB(255, 0, 0));
105         CPen *oldPen;
106         CDC *pDC;
107         CWnd *pWnd;
108         CRect rect;
109 
110         int cx = m_nCx;
111         int cy = m_nCy;  
112 
113         pWnd = FromHandle(m_hWnd);
114         pDC = pWnd->GetDC();
115 
116         int x1 = m_pointStart.x;
117         int y1 = m_pointStart.y;
118         int x2 = point.x;
119         int y2 = y1;
120         int x3 = point.x;
121         int y3 = point.y;
122         int x4 = x1;
123         int y4 = y3;
124 
125         oldPen = pDC->SelectObject(&pen);
126 
127         pDC->MoveTo(x1, y1);
128         pDC->LineTo(x2, y2);
129 
130         pDC->MoveTo(x2, y2);
131         pDC->LineTo(x3, y3);
132 
133         pDC->MoveTo(x3, y3);
134         pDC->LineTo(x4, y4);
135 
136         pDC->MoveTo(x4, y4);
137         pDC->LineTo(x1, y1);
138 
139         int width = abs(x1 - x3);
140         int height = abs(y1 - y3);
141         char wArr[5] = {0};
142         char hArr[5] = {0};
143         _itoa_s(width, wArr, 10);
144         _itoa_s(height, hArr, 10);
145 
146         CString str("尺寸:");
147         str += wArr;
148         str += "x";
149         str += hArr;
150         pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);
151 
152         CFont font;
153         CFont *oldFont;
154         font.CreatePointFont(150, _T("宋体"));
155         oldFont = pDC->SelectObject(&font);
156         pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(0, 0, 255));
157 
158         int xPos = 0;
159         int yPos = 0;
160         int xStep = 100;
161         int yStep = 50;
162 
163         //选区到了边界的情况;
164         if (cx - x3 <= xStep || cy - y3 <= yStep || (cx - x3) >= (cx - xStep)  || (cy - y3) >= (cy - yStep))
165         {
166             if (x3 >= x1 && y3 <= y1)
167             {
168                 pDC->TextOut(x3 - xStep - 50, y3 + yStep - 10, str);
169                 m_pWndButtonOK->SetWindowPos(NULL, x3 - xStep - 50, y3 + yStep + 20, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE);
170             }
171             else if (x3 >= x1 && y3 >= y1)
172             {
173                 pDC->TextOut(x3 - xStep - 50, y3 - yStep, str);
174                 m_pWndButtonOK->SetWindowPos(NULL, x3 - xStep - 50, y3 - yStep - 60, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE);
175             }
176             else if (x3 <= x1 && y3 >= y1)
177             {
178                 pDC->TextOut(x3 + xStep - 20, y3 - yStep, str);
179                 m_pWndButtonOK->SetWindowPos(NULL, x3 + xStep - 20, y3 - yStep - 60, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE);
180             }
181             else
182             {
183                 pDC->TextOut(x3 + xStep - 50, y3 + yStep - 10, str);
184                 m_pWndButtonOK->SetWindowPos(NULL, x3 + xStep - 50, y3 + yStep + 20, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE);
185             } 
186 
187         }
188         else
189         {
190             pDC->TextOut(x3, y3, str);
191             m_pWndButtonOK->SetWindowPos(NULL, x3, y3 + 30, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE);
192         }
193 
194 
195         pDC->SelectObject(oldFont);
196         pDC->SelectObject(oldPen);
197         pWnd->ReleaseDC(pDC);
198         pen.DeleteObject();
199         font.DeleteObject();
200 
201     }
202 
203     CDialog::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);
204 }
205 
206 void CJietu::OnPaint()
207 {
208     CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting
209     // TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码
210     // 不为绘图消息调用 CDialog::OnPaint()  
211     
212     HWND hWnd = m_hWnd;
213     CWnd *pWnd = FromHandle(hWnd); 
214     CDC *pDC = pWnd->GetDC();
215     HDC hDC = pDC->GetSafeHdc();
216 
217     StretchBlt(hDC, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, m_hDCGlobal, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, SRCCOPY); 
218 
219     pWnd->ReleaseDC(pDC); 
220      
221 }
222 
223 
224 
225 
226 
227 BOOL CJietu::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)
228 {
229     // TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值;
230  
231     HWND hWnd = m_hWnd;
232     CWnd *pWnd = FromHandle(hWnd); 
233     HDC hDC = pDC->GetSafeHdc();
234  
235     StretchBlt(hDC, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, m_hDCGlobal, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, SRCCOPY);  
236 
237     return TRUE;
238 //    return CDialog::OnEraseBkgnd(pDC);
239 }
240 
241 void CJietu::OnShowWindow(BOOL bShow, UINT nStatus)
242 {  
243     m_pWndButtonOK = (CWnd*)GetDlgItem(IDC_BUTTON1);   //确定 按钮指针;
244 
245 
246     //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
247     CDialog::OnShowWindow(bShow, nStatus);
248     SetWindowPos(&wndTop, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, 0);
249     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
250  
251     CDC *pDC = GetDC();
252     HDC hDC = pDC->GetSafeHdc();
253 
254     StretchBlt(hDC, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, m_hDCGlobal, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, SRCCOPY);
255 
256     ReleaseDC(pDC);
257  
258 
259 }
260 
261 BOOL CJietu::OnInitDialog()
262 {
263     CDialog::OnInitDialog();
264 
265     // TODO:  在此添加额外的初始化;  
266 
267     //改变指针形状为十字星;
268     SetCursor(AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_CROSS)); 
269 
270 
271     CWnd *pDesktop = GetDesktopWindow();
272     HWND hWndDesktop = pDesktop->m_hWnd; 
273     CDC *pDCDesktop = pDesktop->GetDC();
274     HDC hDCDesktop = pDCDesktop->GetSafeHdc(); 
275 
276     HWND hWnd = m_hWnd;
277     CWnd *pWnd = FromHandle(hWnd);
278     CDC *pDC = pWnd->GetDC();
279     HDC hDC = pDC->GetSafeHdc();
280 
281     HDC hDCMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hDCDesktop);                                      //兼容DC;
282     HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDCDesktop, m_nCx,m_nCy);                //桌面DC的图片;
283  //   SelectObject(hDCMem, hBitmap);
284     StretchBlt(hDCMem, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, hDCDesktop, 0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, SRCCOPY);  //拷贝进内存DC;
285 
286 
287     m_dcGlobal.CreateCompatibleDC(pDCDesktop);                         //该DC用来写图片文件时使用;
288     m_hDCGlobal = m_dcGlobal.GetSafeHdc();                             //该HDC用来写图片文件时使用;
289 
290     CBitmap bitmap;
291     bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(pDCDesktop, m_nCx, m_nCy);           //该图片用来贴图;
292     m_bitmapGlobal.CreateCompatibleBitmap(pDCDesktop, m_nCx, m_nCy);   //该图片用来风写图片文件时使用;
293 
294     m_dcGlobal.SelectObject(&bitmap);                                  // 该DC用来写图片文件时使用;   
295     m_dcGlobal.BitBlt(0, 0, m_nCx, m_nCy, pDCDesktop, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);  // 该DC用来写图片文件时使用;   
296 
297 
298     pDesktop->ReleaseDC(pDCDesktop);
299     pWnd->ReleaseDC(pDC);
300     DeleteDC(hDCMem);
301     DeleteObject(hBitmap); 
302 
303 
304 
305     return TRUE;  // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control
306     // 异常: OCX 属性页应返回 FALSE
307 }
308 
309 

     //HDC存为BMP
310 void CJietu::WriteBMPFile(HBITMAP hBitMap, LPTSTR filename, HDC hDC, int cx, int cy)
311 {
312     BITMAP bmp; 
313     PBITMAPINFO pbmi; 
314     WORD cClrBits; 
315     HANDLE hf; // file handle 
316     BITMAPFILEHEADER hdr; // bitmap file-header 
317     PBITMAPINFOHEADER pbih; // bitmap info-header 
318     LPBYTE lpBits; // memory pointer 
319     DWORD dwTotal; // total count of bytes 
320     DWORD cb; // incremental count of bytes 
321     BYTE *hp; // byte pointer 
322     DWORD dwTmp; 
323     // create the bitmapinfo header information
324     if (!GetObject( hBitMap, sizeof(BITMAP), (LPTSTR)&bmp))
325     {
326         return;
327     }
328     // Convert the color format to a count of bits. 
329     cClrBits = (WORD)(bmp.bmPlanes * bmp.bmBitsPixel); 
330     if (cClrBits == 1) 
331         cClrBits = 1; 
332     else if (cClrBits <= 4) 
333         cClrBits = 4; 
334     else if (cClrBits <= 8) 
335         cClrBits = 8; 
336     else if (cClrBits <= 16) 
337         cClrBits = 16; 
338     else if (cClrBits <= 24) 
339         cClrBits = 24; 
340     else cClrBits = 32; 
341     // Allocate memory for the BITMAPINFO structure.
342     if (cClrBits != 24) 
343         pbmi = (PBITMAPINFO) LocalAlloc(LPTR, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + sizeof(RGBQUAD) * (1 << cClrBits)); 
344     else 
345         pbmi = (PBITMAPINFO) LocalAlloc(LPTR, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); 
346     // Initialize the fields in the BITMAPINFO structure. 
347     pbmi->bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
348     pbmi->bmiHeader.biWidth = cx; //bmp.bmWidth; 
349     pbmi->bmiHeader.biHeight = cy; //bmp.bmHeight; 
350     pbmi->bmiHeader.biPlanes = bmp.bmPlanes; 
351     pbmi->bmiHeader.biBitCount = bmp.bmBitsPixel; 
352     if (cClrBits < 24) 
353         pbmi->bmiHeader.biClrUsed = 1;  // If the bitmap is not compressed, set the BI_RGB flag. 
354     pbmi->bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; 
355     // Compute the number of bytes in the array of color 
356     // indices and store the result in biSizeImage. 
357     pbmi->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = (pbmi->bmiHeader.biWidth + 7) /8 * pbmi->bmiHeader.biHeight * cClrBits; 
358     // Set biClrImportant to 0, indicating that all of the 
359     // device colors are important. 
360     pbmi->bmiHeader.biClrImportant = 0; 
361     // now open file and save the data
362     pbih = (PBITMAPINFOHEADER) pbmi; 
363     lpBits = (LPBYTE) GlobalAlloc(GMEM_FIXED, pbih->biSizeImage);
364     if (!lpBits) 
365     {
366         return;
367     }
368     // Retrieve the color table (RGBQUAD array) and the bits 
369     if (!GetDIBits(hDC, HBITMAP(hBitMap), 0, (WORD) pbih->biHeight, lpBits, pbmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS)) 
370     {
371         return;
372     }
373     // Create the .BMP file. 
374     hf = CreateFile(filename, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, (DWORD) 0, 
375         NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, 
376         (HANDLE) NULL); 
377     if (hf == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
378     {
379         return; 
380     }
381     hdr.bfType = 0x4d42; // 0x42 = "B" 0x4d = "M" 
382     // Compute the size of the entire file. 
383     hdr.bfSize = (DWORD) (sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + pbih->biSize + pbih->biClrUsed 
384         * sizeof(RGBQUAD) + pbih->biSizeImage); 
385     hdr.bfReserved1 = 0; 
386     hdr.bfReserved2 = 0; 
387     // Compute the offset to the array of color indices. 
388     hdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD) sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
389         pbih->biSize + pbih->biClrUsed  * sizeof (RGBQUAD); 
390     // Copy the BITMAPFILEHEADER into the .BMP file. 
391     if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPVOID) &hdr, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), (LPDWORD) &dwTmp, NULL)) 
392     {
393         return;
394     }
395     // Copy the BITMAPINFOHEADER and RGBQUAD array into the file. 
396     if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPVOID) pbih, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + pbih->biClrUsed * sizeof (RGBQUAD),    (LPDWORD) &dwTmp, ( NULL)))
397     {
398         return;
399     }
400     // Copy the array of color indices into the .BMP file. 
401     dwTotal = cb = pbih->biSizeImage; 
402     hp = lpBits; 
403     if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPSTR) hp, (int) cb, (LPDWORD) &dwTmp,NULL))
404     {
405         return;
406     }
407     // Close the .BMP file. 
408     if (!CloseHandle(hf))
409     {
410         return;
411     }
412     // Free memory. 
413     GlobalFree((HGLOBAL)lpBits);
414 }


    //保存按钮
415 void CJietu::OnBnClickedButton1()
416 {
417     // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码; 
418     
419     CDC dcSave; 
420     dcSave.CreateCompatibleDC(&m_dcGlobal);
421     dcSave.SelectObject(&m_bitmapGlobal); 
422 
423     int x1 = m_pointStart.x;
424     int y1 = m_pointStart.y; 
425 
426     int x2 = m_pointEnd.x;
427     int y2 = m_pointEnd.y; 
428 
429     int width = abs(m_pointEnd.x - m_pointStart.x);
430     int height = abs(m_pointEnd.y - m_pointStart.y);
431 
432     int xBegin = 0;
433     int yBegin = 0;
434 
435     //考虑四种画框的不同情况，寻找矩形不同的左上角坐标;
436     if (x2 >= x1 && y2 <= y1)
437     {
438         xBegin = x1;
439         yBegin = y2;
440     }
441     else if (x2 >= x1 && y2 >= y1)
442     {
443         xBegin = x1;
444         yBegin = y1;
445     }
446     else if (x2 <= x1 && y2 >= y1)
447     {
448         xBegin = x2;
449         yBegin = y1;
450     }
451     else
452     {
453         xBegin = x2;
454         yBegin = y2;
455     } 
456  
457     //拷贝进dcSave必须从(0,0)开始存储，因为WriteBMPFile指定长宽写的时候就是从(0, 0)开始截取的长宽;
458     //由于m_hDCGlobal保存的是整个桌面的图片，所以要从指定的坐标开始拷贝; 
459     StretchBlt(dcSave, 0, 0, width, height, m_hDCGlobal, xBegin, yBegin, width, height, SRCCOPY); 
460     CTime time = CTime::GetCurrentTime();
461     CString strTime;
462     strTime = time.Format("%Y-%m-%d %H%M%S");
463     int len = strTime.GetLength();
464     TCHAR *pFileName = new TCHAR[len + 1 + 4];
465     lstrcpy(pFileName, strTime.GetBuffer(len)); 
466     lstrcat(pFileName, _T(".bmp"));
467 
468     WriteBMPFile((HBITMAP)m_bitmapGlobal.m_hObject, pFileName, dcSave, width, height);
469     delete [] pFileName;
470     strTime.ReleaseBuffer(len);
471     dcSave.DeleteDC(); 
472 
473     OnCancel();
474 }

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/cuish/p/2901432.html

【2012年终总结】之三 opencv + ds采集摄像头视频 简易截图工具

【2012年终总结】之三 opencv + ds采集摄像头视频简易截图工具