安装mysql5.7单机
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
你可以下载到你的本地，然后上传到linux某目录下
2.安装软件源，在其目录下输入
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
3.安装mysql服务端
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# yum install -y mysql-community-server
4.启动mysql
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# service mysqld start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
5.查看mysql运行状态
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# service mysqld status Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sun 2019-11-24 14:45:59 CST; 20s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 14787 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 14667 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 14791 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─14791 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid Nov 24 14:45:55 iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... Nov 24 14:45:59 iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
6.初始化密码
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-11-24T06:45:56.831037Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -cTy=VNwI7!H [root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]#
每个人都不一样，别复制我的。输入mysql -uroot -p，然后输入你的密码进入
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: -cTy=VNwI7!H Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.28 Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '%liX9-k<Gwa1';//由于5.7有策略限制，我们先随便改一个复杂的密码。 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';//查看密码策略 +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_check_user_name | OFF | | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;//修改限制策略 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;//修改密码长度 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';//修改一个简单的密码(练习方便,实际不建议这样做) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> update mysql.user set host = '%' where user = 'root';//允许远程访问DB Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;//刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
到这里就可以了,反正我是按照上面的代码复制粘贴完全可以成功,不知道你们可以吗?
mysql的主从配置
这里我给大家搭建一个简单的主从(从)配置,就是说一个主节点对应一个从节点,那个从节点下还有一个从节点.
1.准备三台服务器,分别安装一下mysql,按照上面的按照就可以的.
2.编辑master配置文件
[root@iZm5eitsswnra4j66dzb9nZ ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/mysql_bin #打开Mysql日志，日志格式为二进制 mysq_bin结尾是固定的别改，前面是路径 server-id=1 #[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1 sync-binlog=1 #每次执行写入就与硬盘同步 binlog-do-db=xiaocaijishu #需要同步的二进制数据库名 expire-logs-days=7 #只保留7天的二进制日志，以防磁盘被日志占满 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema #不备份的数据库 binlog-ignore-db=performation_schema #不备份的数据库 binlog-ignore-db=sys #不备份的数据库
重启mysql-master，可能会启动失败，是由于mysql的binlog的用户组不对，再来改一下用户组，以我们的/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog为例
[root@iZbp1hvg9qhaf4c75o2k58Z binlog]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/
[root@iZbp1hvg9qhaf4c75o2k58Z binlog]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/
3.设置一个同步账号
mysql> CREATE USER 'xiaocaijishu'@'47.105.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; // 设置账号xiaocaijishu用于47.105等IP地址的mysql同步,你可以直接写%全匹配 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to xiaocaijishu@'47.105.%.%' identified by 'root';//赋予权限 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; //刷新权限 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
4.设置slave节点配置文件
server-id=2 #[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1 relay_log = /usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/mysql_relay_bin # 开启中继日志 read_only = 1 #设置只读权限 log_bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/mysql_bin # 开启binlog，如果没有下级节点无须开启。 log_slave_updates = 1 #使得更新的数据写进二进制日志中 replicate-rewrite-db = xiaocaijishu -> xiaocai # 从主节点的xiaocaijishu库写入到从节点的xiaocai库 # replicate-wild-do-table 指定需要同步的表。
5.查找主节点日志
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | mysql_bin.000001 | 1349 | xiaocaijishu | information_schema,performation_schema,sys | | +------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.创建主从连接
首先我们进入进入mysql客户端，然后输入
mysql> change master to master_host='121.41.60.188',master_user='xiaocaijishu',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=1349; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
意思是master_host=“我们的主节点IP”，master_user=“刚才创建的主节点用户”，master_password=“账户密码”，master_log_file=“需要从哪个二进制binlog复制”，master_log_pos=“对应主节点的Position”
如遇报错请先输入
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
然后输入start slave开启线程
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
输入SHOW SLAVE STATUSG检查线程是否创建成功
如果看到上面的那个Yes，就说明主从搭建完成了，如果下面还有搭建从节点，开启binlog，和上面一个道理。
如果遇到
Last_Errno: 1051
Last_Error: Error 'Unknown table 'xiaocai.student'' on query. Default database: 'xiaocai'. Query: 'DROP TABLE `student` /* generated by server */'
可以尝试下面的解决方式来处理。
mysql> stop slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
