Acknowledgement to posts on https://askubuntu.com/questions/125257/how-do-i-add-an-additional-hard-drive
1. Partition
1.1 Find your disk
Run the following command to find your disk. Note that sudo is required or there won't be any output.
sudo blkid
1.2 Format your disk (1) - create a partition
If it is already formatted, you should see entry like /dev/sdb1 with UUID and PARTUUID settings. (not formatted properly if only UUID or PARTUUID is shown!) For example, you need to format your hdd with output like this:
... /dev/sdb: UUID="the UUID" TYPE="ext4" ...
If your disk is not formatted, create a new partition:
sudo cgdisk /dev/sdb
Follow the instructions of cgdisk. Choose [New] and press enter to create new partition from free space. The default options are ok. Then cgdisk has results like this
Part. # Size Partition Type Partition Name ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1007.0 KiB free space 1 7.3 TiB Linux filesystem
Choose [write] and press enter. Input "yes" after you see
Are you sure you want to write the partition table to disk? (yes or no): yes
And then press [Quit].
1.3 Format your disk (2) - formating
Format the partitioned disk
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
The formatting takes about one minute. Then after you run `sudo blkid` again, you should be able to see both UUID and PARTUUID like this
... /dev/sdb1: UUID="...123..." TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="...456..." ...
2. Mount
After you are done creating your partitions (it will be just one ext4 data partition after running the commands above), you need to permanently mount it.
2.1 Create a mount point
sudo mkdir /hdd
2.2 Edit /etc/fstab
Open `/etc/fstab` file with `root` permissions.
sudo vim /etc/fstab
Add following to the end of the file:
UUID=[the generated UUID] /hdd ext4 defaults 0 0
2.3 Mount partition
Last step and you're done!
sudo mount /hdd