Discuz!NT企业版之Sphinx全文搜索(下)

      在前文中，介绍了Discuz!NT引入SPHINX的背景和相应的客户端的C#代码架构实现。今天这篇文章将会介绍如果在LINUX环境下安装配置SPHINX中文搜索工具，也就是服务器配置方案.

      目前在网络上可以找到的SPHINX中文插件主要有两个:
      1.coreseek:  http://www.coreseek.cn/
      2.sfc: http://code.google.com/p/sphinx-for-chinese/

      其中的coreseek是目前对Discuz(PHP版)支持做的比较好的插件，它提供了相应的工具和源码包来尽可能简化sphinx的安装和配置。大家可从网上找到很多相关信息。

      今天本文要说的是使用sfc来安装配置sphinx，呵呵:）

       linux环境:centos 5.4 （需要安装gcc编译器来编译SPHINX源代码）

      因为SPHINX要访问MYSQL数据库，所以如果机器上没有安装MYSQL，可以使用下面命令进行安装：   

    [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mysql mysql-devel 
    [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y automake autoconf

      

       下面开始安装SPHINX（sfc 插件）：  

 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ 
 [root@localhost src]# wget http://sphinx-for-chinese.googlecode.com/files/sphinx-for-chinese-0.9.9-r2117.tar.gz
 [root@localhost src]# tar zxvf sphinx-for-chinese-0.9.9-r2117.tar.gz  
 [root@localhost local]# cd sphinx-for-chinese-0.9.9-r2117 
 [root@localhost sphinx-for-chinese-0.9.9-r2117]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sphinx --with-mysql #注意：这里sphinx已经默认支持了mysql，也可用--without-mysql来取消mysql
 [root@localhost sphinx-for-chinese-0.9.9-r2117]# make && make install # 其中的“警告”可以忽略

  

      到这里，基本就是完成了SPHINX的下载安装过程。

      下面开始下载中文字典文档： 

 [root@localhost ~]#cd /usr/local/sphinx/bin
 [root@localhost bin]# wget http://sphinx-for-chinese.googlecode.com/files/xdict_1.1.tar.gz
 [root@localhost bin]# tar zxvf xdict_1.1.tar.gz
 [root@localhost bin]#./mkdict xdict_1.1.txt xdict   #注:mkdict是sfc自有的

  

      这样就从xdict_1.1.txt文件生了xdict词典。

      因为要在SPHINX中使用增量索引，因为参照官方文档中提供的思路，在指定的MYSQL数据库中创建增量统计表： 

 #构造增量统计表
 CREATE TABLE sphcounter(counterid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,max_doc_id INTEGER NOT NULL);

 
      接着就是创建Sphinx主索引文件、增量索引文件存放目录:

    [root@localhost ~]#mkdir /usr/local/sphinx/var/data/dnt_posts1/
    [root@localhost ~]#mkdir /usr/local/sphinx/var/data/dnt_posts1stemmed/

      然后编辑usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf文件：

 [root@localhost bin] cd /usr/local/sphinx/etc/
 [root@localhost etc] vi sphinx.conf

       内容如下：

source src1
{
     # known types are mysql, pgsql, mssql, xmlpipe, xmlpipe2, odbc
     type     = mysql

  sql_host    = 10.0.4.66  #mysql数据库链接参数
  sql_user    = root
  sql_pass    = root
  sql_db     = test
  sql_port    = 3306 #optional, default is 3306 
  #下面是获取MYSQL数据表的查询语句
  sql_query_pre = SET NAMES utf8 #加上这一行，以免因为编码不同造成中文乱码
  sql_query_pre    =replace into sphcounter select 1,MAX(pid) from dnt_posts1  
  sql_query   = SELECT pid,fid,title,message,poster,postdatetime from dnt_posts1 where pid <=  (select max_doc_id from sphcounter where counterid=1) 
  sql_ranged_throttle = 0 
}

source src1throttled : src1
{
    sql_query_pre=set names utf8
 #增量表所使用的查询语句，以获取最新的帖子信息
    sql_query=SELECT pid,fid,title,message,poster,postdatetime FROM dnt_posts1 where pid > (select max_doc_id from sphcounter where counterid=1) 
}

index dnt_posts1
{
      # 放索引的目录
      path = /usr/local/sphinx/data/dnt_posts1
      docinfo            = extern

      #编码
      charset_type = utf-8

      #指定utf-8的编码表。注意：如使用这种方式，则sphinx会对中文进行单字切分，即进行字索引，若要使用中文分词，必须使用其他分词插件如 coreseek，sfc
   charset_table = U+FF10..U+FF19->0..9, 0..9, U+FF41..U+FF5A->a..z, U+FF21..U+FF3A->a..z,\
      A..Z->a..z, a..z, U+0149, U+017F, U+0138, U+00DF, U+00FF, U+00C0..U+00D6->U+00E0..U+00F6,\
      U+00E0..U+00F6, U+00D8..U+00DE->U+00F8..U+00FE, U+00F8..U+00FE, U+0100->U+0101, U+0101,\
      U+0102->U+0103, U+0103, U+0104->U+0105, U+0105, U+0106->U+0107, U+0107, U+0108->U+0109,\
      U+0109, U+010A->U+010B, U+010B, U+010C->U+010D, U+010D, U+010E->U+010F, U+010F,\
      U+0110->U+0111, U+0111, U+0112->U+0113, U+0113, U+0114->U+0115, U+0115, U+0116->U+0117,\
      U+0117, U+0118->U+0119, U+0119, U+011A->U+011B, U+011B, U+011C->U+011D, U+011D,\
      U+011E->U+011F, U+011F, U+0130->U+0131, U+0131, U+0132->U+0133, U+0133, U+0134->U+0135,\
      U+0135, U+0136->U+0137, U+0137, U+0139->U+013A, U+013A, U+013B->U+013C, U+013C,\
      U+013D->U+013E, U+013E, U+013F->U+0140, U+0140, U+0141->U+0142, U+0142, U+0143->U+0144,\
      U+0144, U+0145->U+0146, U+0146, U+0147->U+0148, U+0148, U+014A->U+014B, U+014B,\
      U+014C->U+014D, U+014D, U+014E->U+014F, U+014F, U+0150->U+0151, U+0151, U+0152->U+0153,\
      U+0153, U+0154->U+0155, U+0155, U+0156->U+0157, U+0157, U+0158->U+0159, U+0159,\
      U+015A->U+015B, U+015B, U+015C->U+015D, U+015D, U+015E->U+015F, U+015F, U+0160->U+0161,\
      U+0161, U+0162->U+0163, U+0163, U+0164->U+0165, U+0165, U+0166->U+0167, U+0167,\
      U+0168->U+0169, U+0169, U+016A->U+016B, U+016B, U+016C->U+016D, U+016D, U+016E->U+016F,\
      U+016F, U+0170->U+0171, U+0171, U+0172->U+0173, U+0173, U+0174->U+0175, U+0175,\
      U+0176->U+0177, U+0177, U+0178->U+00FF, U+00FF, U+0179->U+017A, U+017A, U+017B->U+017C,\
      U+017C, U+017D->U+017E, U+017E, U+0410..U+042F->U+0430..U+044F, U+0430..U+044F,\
      U+05D0..U+05EA, U+0531..U+0556->U+0561..U+0586, U+0561..U+0587, U+0621..U+063A, U+01B9,\
      U+01BF, U+0640..U+064A, U+0660..U+0669, U+066E, U+066F, U+0671..U+06D3, U+06F0..U+06FF,\
      U+0904..U+0939, U+0958..U+095F, U+0960..U+0963, U+0966..U+096F, U+097B..U+097F,\
      U+0985..U+09B9, U+09CE, U+09DC..U+09E3, U+09E6..U+09EF, U+0A05..U+0A39, U+0A59..U+0A5E,\
      U+0A66..U+0A6F, U+0A85..U+0AB9, U+0AE0..U+0AE3, U+0AE6..U+0AEF, U+0B05..U+0B39,\
      U+0B5C..U+0B61, U+0B66..U+0B6F, U+0B71, U+0B85..U+0BB9, U+0BE6..U+0BF2, U+0C05..U+0C39,\
      U+0C66..U+0C6F, U+0C85..U+0CB9, U+0CDE..U+0CE3, U+0CE6..U+0CEF, U+0D05..U+0D39, U+0D60,\
      U+0D61, U+0D66..U+0D6F, U+0D85..U+0DC6, U+1900..U+1938, U+1946..U+194F, U+A800..U+A805,\
      U+A807..U+A822, U+0386->U+03B1, U+03AC->U+03B1, U+0388->U+03B5, U+03AD->U+03B5,\
      U+0389->U+03B7, U+03AE->U+03B7, U+038A->U+03B9, U+0390->U+03B9, U+03AA->U+03B9,\
      U+03AF->U+03B9, U+03CA->U+03B9, U+038C->U+03BF, U+03CC->U+03BF, U+038E->U+03C5,\
      U+03AB->U+03C5, U+03B0->U+03C5, U+03CB->U+03C5, U+03CD->U+03C5, U+038F->U+03C9,\
      U+03CE->U+03C9, U+03C2->U+03C3, U+0391..U+03A1->U+03B1..U+03C1,\
      U+03A3..U+03A9->U+03C3..U+03C9, U+03B1..U+03C1, U+03C3..U+03C9, U+0E01..U+0E2E,\
      U+0E30..U+0E3A, U+0E40..U+0E45, U+0E47, U+0E50..U+0E59, U+A000..U+A48F, U+4E00..U+9FBF,\
      U+3400..U+4DBF, U+20000..U+2A6DF, U+F900..U+FAFF, U+2F800..U+2FA1F, U+2E80..U+2EFF,\
      U+2F00..U+2FDF, U+3100..U+312F, U+31A0..U+31BF, U+3040..U+309F, U+30A0..U+30FF,\
      U+31F0..U+31FF, U+AC00..U+D7AF, U+1100..U+11FF, U+3130..U+318F, U+A000..U+A48F,\
      U+A490..U+A4CF

      #简单分词，只支持0和1，如果要搜索中文，请指定为1
      ngram_len = 1

      #需要分词的字符，如果要搜索中文，去掉前面的注释
      ngram_chars = U+4E00..U+9FBF, U+3400..U+4DBF, U+20000..U+2A6DF, U+F900..U+FAFF,\
     U+2F800..U+2FA1F, U+2E80..U+2EFF, U+2F00..U+2FDF, U+3100..U+312F, U+31A0..U+31BF,\
     U+3040..U+309F, U+30A0..U+30FF, U+31F0..U+31FF, U+AC00..U+D7AF, U+1100..U+11FF,\
     U+3130..U+318F, U+A000..U+A48F, U+A490..U+A4CF
      source = src1
      min_infix_len  = 1      
      min_word_len  = 1  

   #加上这个选项，则会对每个中文，英文字词进行分割，速度会慢
   #ngram_chars = U+4E00..U+9FBF, U+3400..U+4DBF, U+20000..U+2A6DF, U+F900..U+FAFF,\
   #U+2F800..U+2FA1F, U+2E80..U+2EFF, U+2F00..U+2FDF, U+3100..U+312F, U+31A0..U+31BF,\
   #U+3040..U+309F, U+30A0..U+30FF, U+31F0..U+31FF, U+AC00..U+D7AF, U+1100..U+11FF,\
   #U+3130..U+318F, U+A000..U+A48F, U+A490..U+A4CF

      chinese_dictionary = /usr/local/sphinx/bin/xdict
}

index dnt_posts1stemmed : dnt_posts1
{
    source                  =src1throttled
    path            = /usr/local/sphinx/data/dnt_posts1stemmed
}

indexer
{}

searchd
{
   listen     = 10.0.4.66:3312
   pid_file   = /usr/local/sphinx/log/searchd.pid
   read_timeout  = 30 #请求超时
   client_timeout  = 300 
   max_children = 30 #同时可执行的最大searchd 进程数
   preopen_indexes  = 1
   max_packet_size  = 128M
   max_matches = 1000 #查询结果的最大返回数
   max_filters   = 256
   max_filter_values = 4096
   read_buffer   = 4096K
}

     

       其中的searchd节点下listen对应的是就服务器SPHINX守护进程的地址和端口信息及其它进程配置参数（详见sphinx官方示例文档）  

       /Files/daizhj/sphinx.conf.rar

      对应上面的配置文件，下面是sfc官方的说明：

      charset_type = utf-8 #其中charst_type选择utf-8即可
      chinese_dictionary = /path/to/xdict #chinese_dictionary是指定分词词典的选项，包括路径和文件名,这样中文支持就可以了
      同时当chinese_dictionary和utf-8的ngram选项同时出现时，会优先使用sphinx-for-chinese的中文支持方法。如果要使用ngram方法，将chinese_dictionary选项去掉即可。

      如果配置正确，就可以使用下面命令行来创建索引了： 

 [root@localhost sphinx]# bin/indexer -c etc/sphinx.conf dnt_posts1  #建立索引文件的命令，目前该分表中存在26w条帖子信息

 
      信息显示： 

 

 Sphinx 0.9.9-release (r2117)
 Copyright (c) 2001-2009, Andrew Aksyonoff

 using config file 'etc/sphinx.conf'...
 indexing index 'dnt_posts1'...
 collected 99820 docs, 17.6 MB
 sorted 29.8 Mhits, 97.4% done
 total 99820 docs, 17553938 bytes
 total 35.498 sec, 494498 bytes/sec, 2811.95 docs/sec
 WARNING: no such index '-rotate', skipping.
 total 294 reads, 0.220 sec, 432.5 kb/call avg, 0.7 msec/call avg
 total 312 writes, 1.372 sec, 956.0 kb/call avg, 4.3 msec/call avg

  

        查询：

 [root@localhost sphinx]# bin/search -c etc/sphinx.conf hello # 查询hello

  
      信息显示：

[root@localhost sphinx]# bin/search -c etc/sphinx.conf hello
Sphinx 0.9.9-release (r2117)
Copyright (c) 2001-2009, Andrew Aksyonoff

using config file 'etc/sphinx.conf'...
index 'dnt_posts20': query 'hello ': returned 12 matches of 12 total in 0.001 sec

displaying matches:
1. document=5206761, weight=1, tid=312375, fid=4, posterid=97258, postdatetime=Mon Jan  2 17:30:00 2006
2. document=5213543, weight=1, tid=312709, fid=4, posterid=30374, postdatetime=Tue Jan  3 01:43:00 2006
3. document=5237575, weight=1, tid=314170, fid=79, posterid=54334, postdatetime=Sat Jan  7 19:55:00 2006
4. document=5253361, weight=1, tid=314961, fid=12, posterid=2587, postdatetime=Mon Jan  9 13:22:00 2006
5. document=5258138, weight=1, tid=315239, fid=78, posterid=52580, postdatetime=Wed Jan 11 17:03:00 2006
6. document=5258160, weight=1, tid=315239, fid=78, posterid=39959, postdatetime=Thu Jan 12 19:49:00 2006
7. document=5259929, weight=1, tid=315343, fid=12, posterid=55028, postdatetime=Wed Jan 25 17:48:00 2006
8. document=5262286, weight=1, tid=315516, fid=81, posterid=57720, postdatetime=Wed Jan 11 01:00:00 2006
9. document=5264041, weight=1, tid=315612, fid=18, posterid=96303, postdatetime=Thu Jan 12 13:00:00 2006
10. document=5268527, weight=1, tid=315837, fid=78, posterid=26965, postdatetime=Thu Jan 12 12:47:00 2006
11. document=5268541, weight=1, tid=315837, fid=78, posterid=48761, postdatetime=Thu Jan 12 18:54:00 2006
12. document=5274196, weight=1, tid=316220, fid=12, posterid=50496, postdatetime=Fri Jan 13 22:22:00 2006

words:
1. 'hello': 12 documents, 16 hits

index 'dnt_posts20_stem': query 'hello ': returned 5 matches of 5 total in 0.000 sec

displaying matches:
1. document=5300417, weight=1, tid=317247, fid=4, posterid=97227, postdatetime=Thu Jan  1 08:33:26 1970
2. document=5300424, weight=1, tid=317247, fid=4, posterid=31887, postdatetime=Thu Jan  1 08:33:26 1970
3. document=5307959, weight=1, tid=317654, fid=120, posterid=18760, postdatetime=Thu Jan  1 08:33:26 1970
4. document=5308076, weight=1, tid=317662, fid=120, posterid=18760, postdatetime=Thu Jan  1 08:33:26 1970
5. document=5308079, weight=1, tid=317662, fid=120, posterid=18760, postdatetime=Thu Jan  1 08:33:26 1970

words:
1. 'hello': 5 documents, 10 hits

      

       开启守护进程： 

 [root@localhost sphinx]# bin/searchd -c etc/sphinx.conf 

       信息显示： 

 Sphinx 0.9.9-release (r2117)
 Copyright (c) 2001-2009, Andrew Aksyonoff

 using config file 'etc/sphinx.conf'...
 listening on 10.0.4.66:3312
 You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

  

      之前提到，客户端会对主索引和增量索引同时进行查询，而主索引和增量索引会被做了定时任务方式进行执行。那么接下来就是做这一部分的工作：

      创建两个shell脚本，分别用来创建主索引和创建增量索引。

   1.创建主索引更新脚本，build_main_index.sh：      

vi /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_main_index.sh

      

      输入以下内容（双击打开）：   

    #!/bin/sh
    /usr/local/shpinx/bin/indexr --rotate dnt_posts1
    sleep 1
    #清空搜索日志
     :/>/usr/local/sphinx/var/log/query.log
    :/>/usr/local/sphinx/var/log/searchd.log  

    

     2.赋予主索引更新脚本可执行权限：     

 chmod +x /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_main_index.sh

    

     3.每天凌晨定时重建主索引：    

 crontab -e

       增加以下内容：    

  #每天凌晨4点19分重建一次搜索引擎的主索引
  19 4 * * * /bin/sh /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_main_index.sh

    

      4.创建脚本build_delta_index.sh：      

vi /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_delta_index.sh

     

       输入以下内容（双击打开）：

  #!/bin/sh
  /usr/local/sphinx/bin/indexer --rotate dnt_posts1stemmed

  

    5.赋予增量索引更新脚本可执行权限：    

 chmod +x /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_delta_index.sh

    6.每3分钟自动重建一次搜索引擎的增量索引：      

crontab -e

      增加以下内容：      

  #每3分钟自动重建一次搜索引擎的增量索引
  0-57/3 * * * * /bin/sh /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_delta_index.sh

    

    7.配置服务器开机启动时需要自动执行的命令      

vi /etc/rc.local

   内容：  

 ulimit -SHn 500000
 /usr/bin/nohup /bin/sh /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_main_index.sh 2>&1 > /dev/null &
 /bin/sh /usr/local/sphinx/bin/build_delta_index.sh  2>&1 > /dev/null
 /usr/local/sphinx/bin/searchd

      这样在服务端的配置工作就告一段落了。

      当然，对于以前使用过Discuz!NT的用户，我们提供了一个同步工具来将已有的帖子分表同步的指定的MYSQL数据库里以便让SPHINX来访问。如下： 

     

      这样就解决了已有数据该如何被索引的问题，剩下的就是要不断的修改sphinx.conf文件以添加新的索引和增量索引了（因为我们使用了帖子分表功能，会在帖子表记录达到一定数量时创建新的分表，这样就可以保持当前所使用的帖子分表记录不会过于庞大，从而影响数据库查询效率）和在相应的sh文件中添加对新索引的定时创建命令了。

      当然，SPHINX还支持分布式检索服务，不过因为眼下的架构未用到，所以就不多做说明了，大家可以去网上搜索相关信息即可。

     

       原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/daizhj/archive/2010/06/30/discuznt_entlib_sphinx_two.html

       BLOG: http://daizhj.cnblogs.com/

       作者:daizhj,代震军

      参考链接：

      Sphinx中文指南 http://www.sphinxsearch.org/
      sphinx_doc_zhcn_0.9-中文手册  http://www.coreseek.cn/uploads/pdf/sphinx_doc_zhcn_0.9.pdf
      亿级数据的高并发通用搜索引擎架构设计 http://blog.s135.com/post/385/
      sphinx-for-chinese : http://code.google.com/p/sphinx-for-chinese/
      coreseek:  http://www.coreseek.cn/