ElasticSearch 使用mysql热更新 词库
这个也是《ELK高级搜索》的课件，但是应该是参考这篇博客的：https://blog.csdn.net/wuzhiwei549/article/details/80451302
1热更新
每次都是在es的扩展词典中，手动添加新词语，很坑
（1）每次添加完，都要重启es才能生效，非常麻烦
（2）es是分布式的，可能有数百个节点，你不能每次都一个一个节点上面去修改
es不停机，直接我们在外部某个地方添加新的词语，es中立即热加载到这些新词语
热更新的方案
（1）基于ik分词器原生支持的热更新方案，部署一个web服务器，提供一个http接口，通过modified和tag两个http响应头，来提供词语的热更新
（2）修改ik分词器源码，然后手动支持从mysql中每隔一定时间，自动加载新的词库
用第二种方案，第一种，ik git社区官方都不建议采用，觉得不太稳定
2步骤
1、下载源码
https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases
ik分词器，是个标准的java maven工程，直接导入idea就可以看到源码
2、修改源
在pom里面添加mysql的驱动
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.13</version>
</dependency>
/**
* IK 中文分词 版本 5.0
* IK Analyzer release 5.0
*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
* 源代码由林良益(linliangyi2005@gmail.com)提供
* 版权声明 2012，乌龙茶工作室
* provided by Linliangyi and copyright 2012 by Oolong studio
*
*
*/
package org.wltea.analyzer.dic;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.FileVisitResult;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.SimpleFileVisitor;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.elasticsearch.SpecialPermission;
import org.elasticsearch.common.io.PathUtils;
import org.elasticsearch.plugin.analysis.ik.AnalysisIkPlugin;
import org.wltea.analyzer.cfg.Configuration;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.wltea.analyzer.help.ESPluginLoggerFactory;
/**
* 词典管理类,单子模式
*/
public class Dictionary {
/*
* 词典单子实例
*/
private static Dictionary singleton;
private DictSegment _MainDict;
private DictSegment _QuantifierDict;
private DictSegment _StopWords;
/**
* 配置对象
*/
private Configuration configuration;
private static final Logger logger = ESPluginLoggerFactory.getLogger(Monitor.class.getName());
private static ScheduledExecutorService pool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
private static final String PATH_DIC_MAIN = "main.dic";
private static final String PATH_DIC_SURNAME = "surname.dic";
private static final String PATH_DIC_QUANTIFIER = "quantifier.dic";
private static final String PATH_DIC_SUFFIX = "suffix.dic";
private static final String PATH_DIC_PREP = "preposition.dic";
private static final String PATH_DIC_STOP = "stopword.dic";
private final static String FILE_NAME = "IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml";
private final static String EXT_DICT = "ext_dict";
private final static String REMOTE_EXT_DICT = "remote_ext_dict";
private final static String EXT_STOP = "ext_stopwords";
private final static String REMOTE_EXT_STOP = "remote_ext_stopwords";
private Path conf_dir;
private Properties props;
private Dictionary(Configuration cfg) {
this.configuration = cfg;
this.props = new Properties();
this.conf_dir = cfg.getEnvironment().configFile().resolve(AnalysisIkPlugin.PLUGIN_NAME);
Path configFile = conf_dir.resolve(FILE_NAME);
InputStream input = null;
try {
logger.info("try load config from {}", configFile);
input = new FileInputStream(configFile.toFile());
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
conf_dir = cfg.getConfigInPluginDir();
configFile = conf_dir.resolve(FILE_NAME);
try {
logger.info("try load config from {}", configFile);
input = new FileInputStream(configFile.toFile());
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// We should report origin exception
logger.error("ik-analyzer", e);
}
}
if (input != null) {
try {
props.loadFromXML(input);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("ik-analyzer", e);
}
}
}
private String getProperty(String key){
if(props!=null){
return props.getProperty(key);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 词典初始化 由于IK Analyzer的词典采用Dictionary类的静态方法进行词典初始化
* 只有当Dictionary类被实际调用时，才会开始载入词典， 这将延长首次分词操作的时间 该方法提供了一个在应用加载阶段就初始化字典的手段
*
* @return Dictionary
*/
public static synchronized void initial(Configuration cfg) {
if (singleton == null) {
synchronized (Dictionary.class) {
if (singleton == null) {
singleton = new Dictionary(cfg);
singleton.loadMainDict();
singleton.loadSurnameDict();
singleton.loadQuantifierDict();
singleton.loadSuffixDict();
singleton.loadPrepDict();
singleton.loadStopWordDict();
//!!!!!!!!!!!!!!mysql监控线程
new Thread(new HotDictReloadThread()).start();
if(cfg.isEnableRemoteDict()){
// 建立监控线程
for (String location : singleton.getRemoteExtDictionarys()) {
// 10 秒是初始延迟可以修改的 60是间隔时间 单位秒
pool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Monitor(location), 10, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
for (String location : singleton.getRemoteExtStopWordDictionarys()) {
pool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Monitor(location), 10, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
}
}
}
}
private void walkFileTree(List<String> files, Path path) {
if (Files.isRegularFile(path)) {
files.add(path.toString());
} else if (Files.isDirectory(path)) try {
Files.walkFileTree(path, new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>() {
@Override
public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs) {
files.add(file.toString());
return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
}
@Override
public FileVisitResult visitFileFailed(Path file, IOException e) {
logger.error("[Ext Loading] listing files", e);
return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE;
}
});
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("[Ext Loading] listing files", e);
} else {
logger.warn("[Ext Loading] file not found: " + path);
}
}
private void loadDictFile(DictSegment dict, Path file, boolean critical, String name) {
try (InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file.toFile())) {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"), 512);
String word = br.readLine();
if (word != null) {
if (word.startsWith("uFEFF"))
word = word.substring(1);
for (; word != null; word = br.readLine()) {
word = word.trim();
if (word.isEmpty()) continue;
dict.fillSegment(word.toCharArray());
}
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
logger.error("ik-analyzer: " + name + " not found", e);
if (critical) throw new RuntimeException("ik-analyzer: " + name + " not found!!!", e);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("ik-analyzer: " + name + " loading failed", e);
}
}
private List<String> getExtDictionarys() {
List<String> extDictFiles = new ArrayList<String>(2);
String extDictCfg = getProperty(EXT_DICT);
if (extDictCfg != null) {
String[] filePaths = extDictCfg.split(";");
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
if (filePath != null && !"".equals(filePath.trim())) {
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), filePath.trim());
walkFileTree(extDictFiles, file);
}
}
}
return extDictFiles;
}
private List<String> getRemoteExtDictionarys() {
List<String> remoteExtDictFiles = new ArrayList<String>(2);
String remoteExtDictCfg = getProperty(REMOTE_EXT_DICT);
if (remoteExtDictCfg != null) {
String[] filePaths = remoteExtDictCfg.split(";");
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
if (filePath != null && !"".equals(filePath.trim())) {
remoteExtDictFiles.add(filePath);
}
}
}
return remoteExtDictFiles;
}
private List<String> getExtStopWordDictionarys() {
List<String> extStopWordDictFiles = new ArrayList<String>(2);
String extStopWordDictCfg = getProperty(EXT_STOP);
if (extStopWordDictCfg != null) {
String[] filePaths = extStopWordDictCfg.split(";");
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
if (filePath != null && !"".equals(filePath.trim())) {
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), filePath.trim());
walkFileTree(extStopWordDictFiles, file);
}
}
}
return extStopWordDictFiles;
}
private List<String> getRemoteExtStopWordDictionarys() {
List<String> remoteExtStopWordDictFiles = new ArrayList<String>(2);
String remoteExtStopWordDictCfg = getProperty(REMOTE_EXT_STOP);
if (remoteExtStopWordDictCfg != null) {
String[] filePaths = remoteExtStopWordDictCfg.split(";");
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
if (filePath != null && !"".equals(filePath.trim())) {
remoteExtStopWordDictFiles.add(filePath);
}
}
}
return remoteExtStopWordDictFiles;
}
private String getDictRoot() {
return conf_dir.toAbsolutePath().toString();
}
/**
* 获取词典单子实例
*
* @return Dictionary 单例对象
*/
public static Dictionary getSingleton() {
if (singleton == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("词典尚未初始化，请先调用initial方法");
}
return singleton;
}
/**
* 批量加载新词条
*
* @param words
* Collection<String>词条列表
*/
public void addWords(Collection<String> words) {
if (words != null) {
for (String word : words) {
if (word != null) {
// 批量加载词条到主内存词典中
singleton._MainDict.fillSegment(word.trim().toCharArray());
}
}
}
}
/**
* 批量移除（屏蔽）词条
*/
public void disableWords(Collection<String> words) {
if (words != null) {
for (String word : words) {
if (word != null) {
// 批量屏蔽词条
singleton._MainDict.disableSegment(word.trim().toCharArray());
}
}
}
}
/**
* 检索匹配主词典
*
* @return Hit 匹配结果描述
*/
public Hit matchInMainDict(char[] charArray) {
return singleton._MainDict.match(charArray);
}
/**
* 检索匹配主词典
*
* @return Hit 匹配结果描述
*/
public Hit matchInMainDict(char[] charArray, int begin, int length) {
return singleton._MainDict.match(charArray, begin, length);
}
/**
* 检索匹配量词词典
*
* @return Hit 匹配结果描述
*/
public Hit matchInQuantifierDict(char[] charArray, int begin, int length) {
return singleton._QuantifierDict.match(charArray, begin, length);
}
/**
* 从已匹配的Hit中直接取出DictSegment，继续向下匹配
*
* @return Hit
*/
public Hit matchWithHit(char[] charArray, int currentIndex, Hit matchedHit) {
DictSegment ds = matchedHit.getMatchedDictSegment();
return ds.match(charArray, currentIndex, 1, matchedHit);
}
/**
* 判断是否是停止词
*
* @return boolean
*/
public boolean isStopWord(char[] charArray, int begin, int length) {
return singleton._StopWords.match(charArray, begin, length).isMatch();
}
/**
* 加载主词典及扩展词典
*/
private void loadMainDict() {
// 建立一个主词典实例
_MainDict = new DictSegment((char) 0);
// 读取主词典文件
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), Dictionary.PATH_DIC_MAIN);
loadDictFile(_MainDict, file, false, "Main Dict");
// 加载扩展词典
this.loadExtDict();
// 加载远程自定义词库
this.loadRemoteExtDict();
// !!!!!!1从mysql加载词典
this.loadMySQLExtDict();
}
private static Properties prop = new Properties();
static {
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
/**
* 从mysql加载热更新词典
*/
private void loadMySQLExtDict() {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), "jdbc-reload.properties");
prop.load(new FileInputStream(file.toFile()));
logger.info("[==========]jdbc-reload.properties");
for(Object key : prop.keySet()) {
logger.info("[==========]" + key + "=" + prop.getProperty(String.valueOf(key)));
}
logger.info("[==========]query hot dict from mysql, " + prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.sql") + "......");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
prop.getProperty("jdbc.url"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.user"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
stmt = conn.createStatement();
rs = stmt.executeQuery(prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.sql"));
while(rs.next()) {
String theWord = rs.getString("word");
logger.info("[==========]hot word from mysql: " + theWord);
_MainDict.fillSegment(theWord.trim().toCharArray());
}
Thread.sleep(Integer.valueOf(String.valueOf(prop.get("jdbc.reload.interval"))));
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("erorr", e);
} finally {
if(rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 加载用户配置的扩展词典到主词库表
*/
private void loadExtDict() {
// 加载扩展词典配置
List<String> extDictFiles = getExtDictionarys();
if (extDictFiles != null) {
for (String extDictName : extDictFiles) {
// 读取扩展词典文件
logger.info("[Dict Loading] " + extDictName);
Path file = PathUtils.get(extDictName);
loadDictFile(_MainDict, file, false, "Extra Dict");
}
}
}
/**
* 加载远程扩展词典到主词库表
*/
private void loadRemoteExtDict() {
List<String> remoteExtDictFiles = getRemoteExtDictionarys();
for (String location : remoteExtDictFiles) {
logger.info("[Dict Loading] " + location);
List<String> lists = getRemoteWords(location);
// 如果找不到扩展的字典，则忽略
if (lists == null) {
logger.error("[Dict Loading] " + location + "加载失败");
continue;
}
for (String theWord : lists) {
if (theWord != null && !"".equals(theWord.trim())) {
// 加载扩展词典数据到主内存词典中
logger.info(theWord);
_MainDict.fillSegment(theWord.trim().toLowerCase().toCharArray());
}
}
}
}
private static List<String> getRemoteWords(String location) {
SpecialPermission.check();
return AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<List<String>>) () -> {
return getRemoteWordsUnprivileged(location);
});
}
/**
* 从远程服务器上下载自定义词条
*/
private static List<String> getRemoteWordsUnprivileged(String location) {
List<String> buffer = new ArrayList<String>();
RequestConfig rc = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(10 * 1000).setConnectTimeout(10 * 1000)
.setSocketTimeout(60 * 1000).build();
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response;
BufferedReader in;
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(location);
get.setConfig(rc);
try {
response = httpclient.execute(get);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
String charset = "UTF-8";
// 获取编码，默认为utf-8
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if(entity!=null){
Header contentType = entity.getContentType();
if(contentType!=null&&contentType.getValue()!=null){
String typeValue = contentType.getValue();
if(typeValue!=null&&typeValue.contains("charset=")){
charset = typeValue.substring(typeValue.lastIndexOf("=") + 1);
}
}
if (entity.getContentLength() > 0) {
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent(), charset));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.add(line);
}
in.close();
response.close();
return buffer;
}
}
}
response.close();
} catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
logger.error("getRemoteWords {} error", e, location);
}
return buffer;
}
/**
* 加载用户扩展的停止词词典
*/
private void loadStopWordDict() {
// 建立主词典实例
_StopWords = new DictSegment((char) 0);
// 读取主词典文件
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), Dictionary.PATH_DIC_STOP);
loadDictFile(_StopWords, file, false, "Main Stopwords");
// 加载扩展停止词典
List<String> extStopWordDictFiles = getExtStopWordDictionarys();
if (extStopWordDictFiles != null) {
for (String extStopWordDictName : extStopWordDictFiles) {
logger.info("[Dict Loading] " + extStopWordDictName);
// 读取扩展词典文件
file = PathUtils.get(extStopWordDictName);
loadDictFile(_StopWords, file, false, "Extra Stopwords");
}
}
// 加载远程停用词典
List<String> remoteExtStopWordDictFiles = getRemoteExtStopWordDictionarys();
for (String location : remoteExtStopWordDictFiles) {
logger.info("[Dict Loading] " + location);
List<String> lists = getRemoteWords(location);
// 如果找不到扩展的字典，则忽略
if (lists == null) {
logger.error("[Dict Loading] " + location + "加载失败");
continue;
}
for (String theWord : lists) {
if (theWord != null && !"".equals(theWord.trim())) {
// 加载远程词典数据到主内存中
logger.info(theWord);
_StopWords.fillSegment(theWord.trim().toLowerCase().toCharArray());
}
}
}
//!!!!!!!!!!!1从mysql加载停用词
this.loadMySQLStopwordDict();
}
/**
* 从mysql加载停用词
*/
private void loadMySQLStopwordDict() {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), "jdbc-reload.properties");
prop.load(new FileInputStream(file.toFile()));
logger.info("[==========]jdbc-reload.properties");
for(Object key : prop.keySet()) {
logger.info("[==========]" + key + "=" + prop.getProperty(String.valueOf(key)));
}
logger.info("[==========]query hot stopword dict from mysql, " + prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.stopword.sql") + "......");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
prop.getProperty("jdbc.url"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.user"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
stmt = conn.createStatement();
rs = stmt.executeQuery(prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.stopword.sql"));
while(rs.next()) {
String theWord = rs.getString("word");
logger.info("[==========]hot stopword from mysql: " + theWord);
_StopWords.fillSegment(theWord.trim().toCharArray());
}
Thread.sleep(Integer.valueOf(String.valueOf(prop.get("jdbc.reload.interval"))));
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("erorr", e);
} finally {
if(rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 加载量词词典
*/
private void loadQuantifierDict() {
// 建立一个量词典实例
_QuantifierDict = new DictSegment((char) 0);
// 读取量词词典文件
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), Dictionary.PATH_DIC_QUANTIFIER);
loadDictFile(_QuantifierDict, file, false, "Quantifier");
}
private void loadSurnameDict() {
DictSegment _SurnameDict = new DictSegment((char) 0);
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), Dictionary.PATH_DIC_SURNAME);
loadDictFile(_SurnameDict, file, true, "Surname");
}
private void loadSuffixDict() {
DictSegment _SuffixDict = new DictSegment((char) 0);
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), Dictionary.PATH_DIC_SUFFIX);
loadDictFile(_SuffixDict, file, true, "Suffix");
}
private void loadPrepDict() {
DictSegment _PrepDict = new DictSegment((char) 0);
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), Dictionary.PATH_DIC_PREP);
loadDictFile(_PrepDict, file, true, "Preposition");
}
void reLoadMainDict() {
logger.info("重新加载词典...");
// 新开一个实例加载词典，减少加载过程对当前词典使用的影响
Dictionary tmpDict = new Dictionary(configuration);
tmpDict.configuration = getSingleton().configuration;
tmpDict.loadMainDict();
tmpDict.loadStopWordDict();
_MainDict = tmpDict._MainDict;
_StopWords = tmpDict._StopWords;
logger.info("重新加载词典完毕...");
}
}
/**
* @author WGR
* @create 2020/10/28 -- 14:35
*/
public class HotDictReloadThread implements Runnable {
private static final Logger logger = ESPluginLoggerFactory.getLogger(HotDictReloadThread.class.getName());
@Override
public void run() {
while(true) {
logger.info("[==========]reload hot dict from mysql......");
Dictionary.getSingleton().reLoadMainDict();
}
}
}
3、mvn package打包代码
4、解压缩ik压缩包
将mysql驱动jar，放入lib的目录下
5、修改jdbc相关配置
6、重启es
观察日志，日志中就会显示我们打印的那些东西，比如加载了什么配置，加载了什么词语，什么停用词
7、在mysql中添加词库与停用词
8、分词实验，验证热更新生效
GET /_analyze
{
"analyzer": "ik_smart",
"text": "我是大脸排"
}