k8s 搭建ingress-nginx实例

环境：k8s v1.18.5

网络环境： calico，通过nodePort方式对外提供nginx服务

nginx-ingress-controller版本：0.20.0

所有配置文件位于：/home/ingress

包括（在下文中都会一一创建）：mandatory.yaml、service-nodeport.yaml、deploy-demon.yaml、ingress-myapp.yaml、ingress-tomcat.yaml、tomcat-deploy.yaml

    一、在每一个节点，提前下载所需镜像

defaultbackend

docker pull registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/defaultbackend-amd64:1.5

nginx-ingress-controller

docker pull registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/nginx-ingress-controller:0.20.0

二、运行mandatory.yaml和service-nodeport.yaml文件

mandatory.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: default-http-backend
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
      containers:
        - name: default-http-backend
          # Any image is permissible as long as:
          # 1. It serves a 404 page at /
          # 2. It serves 200 on a /healthz endpoint
          image: registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/defaultbackend-amd64:1.5
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 8080
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 5
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 10m
              memory: 20Mi
            requests:
              cpu: 10m
              memory: 20Mi

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: default-http-backend
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-configuration
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: tcp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: udp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - endpoints
      - nodes
      - pods
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - pods
      - secrets
      - namespaces
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    resourceNames:
      # Defaults to "<election-id>-<ingress-class>"
      # Here: "<ingress-controller-leader>-<nginx>"
      # This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
      # when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
      - "ingress-controller-leader-nginx"
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    verbs:
      - create
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - endpoints
    verbs:
      - get

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: nginx-ingress-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/port: "10254"
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
      hostNetwork: true
      containers:
        - name: nginx-ingress-controller
          image: registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/nginx-ingress-controller:0.20.0
          args:
            - /nginx-ingress-controller
            - --default-backend-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/default-http-backend
            - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-configuration
            - --tcp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/tcp-services
            - --udp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/udp-services
            - --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx
            - --annotations-prefix=nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
          securityContext:
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            # www-data -> 33
            runAsUser: 33
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
            - name: https
              containerPort: 443
          livenessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 1
          readinessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 1

---

service-nodeport.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
      nodePort: 32080  #http
    #- name: https
    #  port: 443
    #  targetPort: 443
    #  protocol: TCP
    #  nodePort: 32443  #https
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

应用配置

kubectl apply -f mandatory.yaml

kubectl apply -f service-nodeport.yaml

验证是否部署成功

三、创建ingress-nginx后端服务
deploy-demon.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    app: myapp
    release: canary
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata: 
  name: myapp-deploy
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector: 
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
      release: canary
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
        release: canary
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myapp
        image: ikubernetes/myapp:v2
        ports:
        - name: httpd
          containerPort: 80

应用配置：

kubectl apply -f deploy-demon.yaml

验证是否创建成功

 

四、将myapp作为ingress的规则

配置文件：ingress-myapp.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ingress-myapp
  namespace: default
  annotations: 
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
  rules:
  - host: danny.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: 
        backend:
          serviceName: myapp
          servicePort: 80

应用配置：

kubectl apply -f ingress-myapp.yaml

在host文件中，配置域名解释。此处的ip，应该是ingress-control所在的nodeIp

192.168.152.13     danny.com

查看ingress是否部署成功

如果配置成功，呈现页面如下：

五、再创建tomat作为ingress

配置文件tomcat-deploy.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: tomcat
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    app: tomcat
    release: canary
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080
  - name: ajp
    port: 8009
    targetPort: 8009

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata: 
  name: tomcat-deploy
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector: 
    matchLabels:
      app: tomcat
      release: canary
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: tomcat
        release: canary
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: tomcat
        image: tomcat:7-alpine
        ports:
        - name: httpd
          containerPort: 8080
        - name: ajp
          containerPort: 8009

配置文件ingress-tomcat.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ingress-tomcat
  namespace: default
  annotations: 
    kubernets.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
  rules:
  - host: tomcat.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: 
        backend:
          serviceName: tomcat
          servicePort: 8080

应用配置

kubectl apply -f tomcat-deploy.yaml

kubectl apply -f ingress-tomcat.yaml

在host文件添加tomcat的域名映射。此处的ip，应该是ingress-control所在的nodeIp

192.168.152.13     tomcat.com

效果图:

部署中遇到的问题：
Q1.在浏览器通过域名+端口的方式，无法访问服务。

排查步骤：
1.通过clusterIp直接访问myapp service，能够成功访问；
2.查看ingress-nginx（kubectl -n ingress-nginx get pod）,发现服务状态虽然现实正常，但是在不断重启

 3. 查看nginx-ingress容器的日志，找到原因

nginx version: nginx/1.15.5
W1028 02:37:29.974413 8 client_config.go:552] Neither --kubeconfig nor --master was specified. Using the inClusterConfig. This might not work.
I1028 02:37:29.974836 8 main.go:196] Creating API client for https://10.96.0.1:443
F1028 02:43:47.965192 8 main.go:248] Error while initiating a connection to the Kubernetes API server. This could mean the cluster is misconfigured (e.g. it has invalid API server certificates or Service Accounts configuration). Reason: Get https://10.96.0.1:443/version?timeout=32s: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout
Refer to the troubleshooting guide for more information: https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/troubleshooting/

解决方法（参考来源：https://blog.csdn.net/weiguang1017/article/details/77102845）：

mandatory.yaml添加配置：hostNetwork: true
spec:
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
      hostNetwork: true
      containers:

Q2：ingress-controler服务会随机绑定到其中一台node节点

解决方案：

指定运行节点（需要打标签）

nginx-ingress-controller会随意选择一个node节点运行pod，为此需要我们把nginx-ingress-controller运行到指定的node节点上
首先需要给需要运行nginx-ingress-controller的node节点打标签，在此我们把nginx-ingress-controller运行在指定的node节点上

1.先确定ingress-controller落在哪一个节点

kubectl get pod -n ingress-nginx -o wide

 2.为该节点打上ginx标签，实现每次nginx-ingress-controller都落到该节点

#打上nginx标签
kubectl label nodes k8s-slave1 nginx=nginx

#验证是否成功打上标签
kubectl get nodes --show-labels

3.mandatory.yaml添加指定node节点配置

 4.刷新mandatory.yaml配置

kubectl apply -f mandatory.yaml

5.删除原来的ingress-nginx pod，不然会因为一直占用端口，导致新的pod一直处于pending状态

#pod id需根据实际情况替换
kubectl -n ingress-nginx delete pod nginx-ingress-controller-55dc8d57fd-dlr4h

安装参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/panwenbin-logs/p/9915927.html#autoid-0-1-0

链接https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44729138/article/details/105978555描述更加清晰，并描述了细节