Nginx之keepalived高可用工具

 

1、创建两台虚拟机，分别为主机和从机，区别两台虚拟机的IP地址

2、 将keepalived上传到linux系统当中

　　

3、 cd /usr/local目录　

　　

4、 tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz

　　

5、 cd keepalived-1.2.18目录

　　

6、 yum install -y openssl openssl-devel (需要安装一个软件包)

　　

7、 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived 编译，将编译文件放到/usr/local/keepalived

　　

8、 make

　　

9、 make install

　　

10、 在/etc/keepalived 创建目录： mkdir /etc/keepalived

　　

11、 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

　　

12、 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

　　

13、 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

　　

14、 ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

　　

　　（ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/）

15、 将nginx启动脚本和keepalived.conf配置上传到/etc/keepalived

　　

 　　

16、 主机：修改keepalived.conf配置文件  vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

　　interface 配置成与主机相同的网络 ip a
　　mcast_src_ip 配置成自己机器的IP
　　virtual_ipaddress {
　　　　192.168.33.135 # 虚拟ip,也就是解决写死程序的ip怎么能切换的ip,也可扩展，用途广泛。可配置多个。
　　}

　　　

17、 启动keepalived   启动命令service keepalived start

　　如果报错：Job for keepalived.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

　　

18、解决办法：rm /usr/sbin/keepalived

　　

19、ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

　　

 20、再次启动

　　

　　

21、可以设置开机启动：chkconfig keepalived on　　

22、自动重启不了，解决办法

　　查看脚本是否有运行的权限，如果你是 root 登陆的话（不是的话，切换到 root 用户，对*.sh 赋可执行的权限）

　　赋予权限命令：chmod 777 *.sh

　　赋予所有权限：chmod +x *.sh

　　然后运行就 OK 了，即有权限对文件进行删除等操作。

23、备机安装步骤同上，备机修改配置文件步骤如下

24、备机：修改keepalived.conf配置文件  vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

　　 state BACKUP 备机名称
　　interface 配置成与主机相同的网络 ip a
　　mcast_src_ip 配置成自己机器的IP
　　priority 90  权重配置  
　　virtual_ipaddress {
　　　　192.168.33.135  # 虚拟ip,也就是解决写死程序的ip怎么能切换的ip,也可扩展，用途广泛。可配置多个。
　　}

　　

25、从机启动步骤同上

　　

26、效果展示  访问虚拟IP地址192.168.33.135

　　

27、模拟主机挂掉，高可用工具Keepalived实现自动启动备机，防止宕机

　　注意：为确保区分主机与备机，在此修改了静态资源HTML的标题

　　

 　　①、挂掉主机

　　　　

　　②、虚拟IP地址192.168.33.135继续访问备机

　　　　

　　③、 虚拟IP访问效果

　　　　

　　④、恢复主机

　　　　　　　　

　　⑤、虚拟IP地址192.168.33.135继续访问主机

　　　　　　　

　　⑥、虚拟IP访问效果

　　　　

29、keepalived 常用命令

　　启动Keepalived：service keepalived start

　　关闭Keepalived：service keepalived stop

30、注意事项

　　区分主机与备机名称、

　　区分主机与备机IP地址、

　　区分主机与备机的权重  主机权重>备机权重

简单步骤概括
2.1 将keepalived上传到linux系统当中
2.2 cd /usr/local目录
2.3 tar -zxvf keepalived-xxxxxxxxx
2.4 切换到解压目录
2.5 yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
2.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived 编译，将编译文件放到/usr/local/keepalived
2.6 make
2.7 make install
2.8 在/etc/keepalived 创建目录： mkdir /etc/keepalived
2.9 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
2.10 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
2.11 cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
2.12 ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
2.13 ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
2.14 将nginx启动脚本和keepalived.conf配置上传到/etc/keepalived
2.15 主机：修改keepalived.conf配置文件
interface 配置成与主机相同的网络 ip a
mcast_src_ip 配置成自己机器的IP
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.7.88 # 虚拟ip,也就是解决写死程序的ip怎么能切换的ip,也可扩展，用途广泛。可配置多个。
}

2.16 启动keepalived 如果报错：Job for keepalived.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
解决办法：rm /usr/sbin/keepalived
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

2.17 备机keepalived.conf
state BACKUP 备机
interface 配置成与主机相同的网络 ip a
mcast_src_ip 配置成自己机器的IP
priority 90
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.7.88 # 虚拟ip,也就是解决写死程序的ip怎么能切换的ip,也可扩展，用途广泛。可配置多个。
}