【一起来玩RTOS系列】之RT-Thread Nano快速创建工程

RT-Thread Nano是RT-Thread的精简版，只有内核、shell（msh）、设备驱动三大功能，以Keil5的pack形式发布。RT-Thread Nano在保证了具备完整功能的RTOS实时内核的前提下实现了极小的FLASH和RAM占用，默认配置下，FLASH可小至2.5KB， RAM可以小至1KB，对于当今主流32位MCU/SoC来说，跑起来毫无压力。

下面就跟随小编一起，看看如何在机智云gokit智能硬件开发板上将RT-Thread Nano跑起来吧~

一、RT-Thread Nano Pack安装

1.  使用STM32CubeMX创建一个可以点亮板载LED的基本工程，参考：http://club.gizwits.com/thread-3859-1-1.html
2.  在MDK5主界面上点击“Pack Install”按钮，进入Pack Install界面：
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3.  在Pack Install界面下，RT-Thread Pack在右边栏中。点击“Install”可下载，点击“Update”可更新。
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4.  如果在上图界面“Packs”栏中未发现“RT-Thread”，通过两种方法获取RT-Thread Pack。
第一种方法是直接从http://www.rt-thread.org/downloa ... rtthread.2.1.1.pack下载2.1.1版本的的RT-Thread Pack，然后双击完成安装。
第二种方法是在菜单“Packs”下点击“Check for Updates”，Update完成后，将可看到RT-Thread Pack，然后下载Pack再安装它。
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二、kernel加载与应用


1.  在主界面点击“ManageRun-TimeEnvironment”进入加载页：
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在“RTOS”一栏中选中“RT-Thread”，并在列表中选中“kernel”：
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2.  确定后，RT-Thread的kernel文件会被自动添加进来：

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Kernel文件包括：
clock.c
components.c
device.c
idle.c
ipc.c
irq.c
kservice.c
mem.c
object.c
scheduler.c
thread.c
timer.c
Cortex-M芯片内核移植代码：
cpuport.c
context_rvds.s
应用代码及配置文件：
board.c
rtconfig.h

三、修改源码适配机智云Gokit


1.需要做一些微小的修改才能在Gokit上跑起来：
1）修改Application/User分组下的stm32f1xx_it.c文件，删除如下3个函数：

void HardFault_Handler(void);
void PendSV_Handler(void);
void SysTick_Handler(void);

　　

复制代码

2）修改RTOS分组下的board.c上文件：
修改第24行为：

1. #include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"

复制代码

修改第66行：取消注释，并加入2行代码如下。

void SysTick_Handler(void)
 {
         /* enter interrupt */
         rt_interrupt_enter();
         
<font color="#ff00ff">        HAL_IncTick();
        HAL_SYSTICK_IRQHandler();</font>

         rt_tick_increase();
         
         /* leave interrupt */
         rt_interrupt_leave();
 }

　　

3）在rtconfig.h使能动态内存管理：
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此外，第15行，修改RT_TICK_PER_SECOND为1000。

2.  修改main.c文件，屏蔽掉while(1)死循环，加入测试代码：
 

/**
  ****************************************************
  * File Name          : main.c
  * Description        : Main program body
  ****************************************************
  ** This notice applies to any and all portions of this file
  * that are not between comment pairs USER CODE BEGIN and
  * USER CODE END. Other portions of this file, whether 
  * inserted by the user or by software development tools
  * are owned by their respective copyright owners.
  *
  * COPYRIGHT(c) 2017 STMicroelectronics
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
  * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
  *      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  *   3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  *      without specific prior written permission.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  *
  ****************************************************
  */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "rtthread.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);

/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
//线程LED1
static void led1_thread_entry(void* parameter)
{
       while(1)
       {
             LED1_Toggle();
             rt_thread_delay(500);   //延时
       }
}
//线程LED2
static void led2_thread_entry(void* parameter)
{
       while(1)
       {
             LED2_Toggle();
             rt_thread_delay(100);   //延时
       }
}

/* USER CODE END 0 */

int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
        
        rt_thread_t tid1=RT_NULL;//线程句柄
        rt_thread_t tid2=RT_NULL;//线程句柄
        
        //创建动态线程
        tid1=rt_thread_create("led1",//线程名字
                             led1_thread_entry,//线程入口函数
                             RT_NULL,//线程参数
                             256,//线程栈大小
                             3,//线程优先级
                             20);//线程时间片
        //启动线程        
        rt_thread_startup(tid1); 

        //创建动态线程
        tid2=rt_thread_create("led2",//线程名字
                             led2_thread_entry,//线程入口函数
                             RT_NULL,//线程参数
                             256,//线程栈大小
                             4,//线程优先级
                             20);//线程时间片
        //启动线程                                                                                                         
        rt_thread_startup(tid2); 


  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
//  while (1)
//  {
//  /* USER CODE END WHILE */
//  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
//                
//  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */

}

/** System Clock Configuration
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{

  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;

    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
    */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    _Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
  }

    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
    */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    _Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
  }

    /**Configure the Systick interrupt time 
    */
  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);

    /**Configure the Systick 
    */
  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);

  /* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */
  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @param  None
  * @retval None
  */
void _Error_Handler(char * file, int line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  while(1) 
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */ 
}

#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT

/**
   * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
   * where the assert_param error has occurred.
   * @param file: pointer to the source file name
   * @param line: assert_param error line source number
   * @retval None
   */
void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
    ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d
", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */

}

#endif

/**
  * @}
  */ 

/**
  * @}
*/ 

/**************** (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics ****END OF FILE***/

　　

测试代码使用RT-Thread的动态线程创建函数rt_thread_create()创建了2个线程，在线程里面间隔不同的时间翻转LED。

将程序下载到开发板，可以看到LED1和LED2不同频率闪烁：

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