在ASP.NET Web API和ASP.NET Web MVC中使用Ninject

先附上源码下载地址

一、准备工作

1、新建一个名为MvcDemo的空解决方案

2、新建一个名为MvcDemo.WebUI的空MVC应用程序

3、使用NuGet安装Ninject库

 

二、在ASP.NET MVC中使用Ninject

1、新建一个Product实体类，代码如下：

public class Product
    {
        public int ProductId { get; set ; }
        public string Name { get; set ; }
        public string Description { get; set ; }
        public decimal Price { get; set ; }
        public string Category { set; get ; }
    }

2、添加一个IProductRepository接口及实现

public interface IProductRepository
    {
        IQueryable <Product > Products { get; }
 
        IQueryable <Product > GetProducts();
 
        Product GetProduct();
 
        bool AddProduct(Product product);
 
        bool UpdateProduct(Product product);
 
        bool DeleteProduct(int productId);
    }
 
public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
    {
        private List < Product> list;
        public IQueryable < Product> Products
        {
            get { return GetProducts(); }
        }
 
        public IQueryable < Product> GetProducts()
        {
            list = new List < Product>
            {
                new Product {ProductId = 1,Name = "苹果",Category = "水果" ,Price = 1},
                new Product {ProductId = 2,Name = "鼠标",Category = "电脑配件" ,Price = 50},
                new Product {ProductId = 3,Name = "洗发水",Category = "日用品" ,Price = 20}
            };
            return list.AsQueryable();
        }
 
        public Product GetProductById( int productId)
        {
            return Products.FirstOrDefault(p => p.ProductId == productId);
        }
 
        public bool AddProduct( Product product)
        {
            if (product != null )
            {
                list.Add(product);
                return true ;
            }
            return false ;
        }
 
        public bool UpdateProduct( Product product)
        {
            if (product != null )
            {
                if (DeleteProduct(product.ProductId))
                {
                    AddProduct(product);
                    return true ;
                }
            }
            return false ;
        }
 
        public bool DeleteProduct( int productId)
        {
            var product = GetProductById(productId);
            if (product != null )
            {
                list.Remove(product);
                return true ;
            }
            return false ;
        }
    }

3、添加一个实现了IDependencyResolver接口的Ninject依赖解析器类

public class NinjectDependencyResolverForMvc : IDependencyResolver
    {
        private IKernel kernel;
 
        public NinjectDependencyResolverForMvc( IKernel kernel)
        {
            if (kernel == null )
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException( "kernel" );
            }
            this .kernel = kernel;
        }
 
        public object GetService( Type serviceType)
        {
            return kernel.TryGet(serviceType);
        }
 
        public IEnumerable < object> GetServices( Type serviceType)
        {
            return kernel.GetAll(serviceType);
        }
    }

4、添加一个NinjectRegister类，用来为MVC和WebApi注册Ninject容器

public class NinjectRegister
    {
        private static readonly IKernel Kernel;
        static NinjectRegister()
        {
            Kernel= new StandardKernel ();
            AddBindings();
        }
 
        public static void RegisterFovMvc()
        {
            DependencyResolver .SetResolver(new NinjectDependencyResolverForMvc (Kernel));
        }
 
        private static void AddBindings()
        {
            Kernel.Bind<IProductRepository >().To< ProductRepository>();
        }
    }

5、在Global.asax文件的Application_Start方法中添加下面代码：

NinjectRegister .RegisterFovMvc(); //为ASP.NET MVC注册IOC容器

6、新建一个名为ProductController的控制器，ProductController的构造函数接受了一个IProductRepository参数，当ProductController 被实例化的时候，Ninject就为其注入了ProductRepository的依赖.

public class ProductController : Controller
    {
        private IProductRepository repository;
 
        public ProductController(IProductRepository repository)
        {
            this .repository = repository;
        }
 
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View(repository.Products);
        }
    }

7、视图代码用来展示商品列表

@model IQueryable<MvcDemo.WebUI.Models. Product >
 
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "MvcDemo Index" ;
}
 
@ foreach ( var product in Model)
{
    <div style=" border-bottom :1px dashed silver ;">
        < h3> @product.Name </ h3>
        < p> 价格：@ product.Price </ p >
    </div >
}

8、运行效果如下：

 

 

三、在ASP.NET Web Api中使用Ninject

1、添加一个实现了IDependencyResolver接口的Ninject依赖解析器类

namespace MvcDemo.WebUI.AppCode
{
    public class NinjectDependencyResolverForWebApi : NinjectDependencyScope ,IDependencyResolver
    {
        private IKernel kernel;
 
        public NinjectDependencyResolverForWebApi( IKernel kernel)
            : base (kernel)
        {
            if (kernel == null )
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException( "kernel" );
            }
            this .kernel = kernel;
        }
 
        public IDependencyScope BeginScope()
        {
            return new NinjectDependencyScope(kernel);
        }
    }
 
    public class NinjectDependencyScope : IDependencyScope
    {
        private IResolutionRoot resolver;
 
        internal NinjectDependencyScope(IResolutionRoot resolver)
        {
            Contract .Assert(resolver != null );
 
            this .resolver = resolver;
        }
 
        public void Dispose()
        {
            resolver = null ;
        }
 
        public object GetService( Type serviceType)
        {
            return resolver.TryGet(serviceType);
        }
 
        public IEnumerable < object> GetServices( Type serviceType)
        {
            return resolver.GetAll(serviceType);
        }
    }
}

2、在NinjectRegister类中添加注册依赖解析器的方法

public static void RegisterFovWebApi( HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            config.DependencyResolver = new NinjectDependencyResolverForWebApi (Kernel);
        }

3、在Global.asax文件的Application_Start方法中添加下面代码：

NinjectRegister .RegisterFovWebApi( GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); //为WebApi注册IOC容器

4、新建一个名为MyApiController的控制器

public class MyApiController : ApiController
    {
        private IProductRepository repository;
 
        public MyApiController(IProductRepository repository)
        {
            this .repository = repository;
        }
        // GET api/MyApi
        [ HttpGet ]
        public IEnumerable < Product> Get()
        {
            return repository.Products;
        }
 
        // GET api/MyApi/5
        [ HttpGet ]
        public Product Get( int id)
        {
            return repository.Products.FirstOrDefault(p => p.ProductId == id);
        }
    }

5、视图代码用来展示商品列表

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "ApiDemo Index" ;
}
 
< script>
    function GetAll() {
        $.ajax({
            url: "/api/MyApi" ,
            type: "GET" ,
            dataType: "json" ,
            success: function (data) {
                for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                    $( "#list" ).append("<h3>" + data[i].Name + "</h3>");
                    $( "#list" ).append("<p>价格：" +data[i].Price + "</p>");
                }
            }
        });
    }
 
    $( function () {
        GetAll();
    });
</ script>
 
< h2> Api Ninject Demo </h2 >
< div id="list" style=" border-bottom :1px dashed silver ;"></ div >
   

6、运行效果如下：

 

至此，我们就实现了共用一个NinjectRegister类完成了为MVC和Web Api注册Ninject容器