手册中的基本命令：
CONFIGURE TOOLING
Configure user information for all local repositories
$ git config --global user.name "[name]"
Sets the name you want attached to your commit transactions
$ git config --global user.email "[email address]"
Sets the email you want attached to your commit transactions
$ git config --global color.ui auto
Enables helpful colorization of command line output
CREATE REPOSITORIES
Start a new repository or obtain one from an existing URL
$ git init [project-name]
Creates a new local repository with the specified name
$ git clone [url]
Downloads a project and its entire version history
MAKE CHANGES
Review edits and craft a commit transaction
$ git status
Lists all new or modified files to be committed
$ git add [file]
Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning
$ git reset [file]
Unstages the file, but preserve its contents
$ git diff
Shows file differences not yet staged
$ git diff --staged
Shows file differences between staging and the last file version
$ git commit -m "[descriptive message]"
Records file snapshots permanently in version history
REVIEW HISTORY
Browse and inspect the evolution of project files
$ git log
Lists version history for the current branch
$ git log --follow [file]
Lists version history for a file, including renames
$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]
Shows content differences between two branches
$ git show [commit]
Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit
经验：
ERROR1： git status 和 git diff出下面乱码
解决方法来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/vipzrx/p/3488717.html
解决方法： 键入命令 git config --global core.quotepath false
解决结果：问题解决
解决记录：如下图