导读:
XmlBeanFactory继承自DefaultListableBeanFactory,扩展了从xml文档中读取bean definition的能力。从本质上讲,XmlBeanFactory等同于DefaultListableBeanFactory+XmlBeanDefinitionReader ,如果有更好的需求,可以考虑使用DefaultListableBeanFactory+XmlBeanDefinitionReader方案,因为该方案可以从多个xml文件读取资源,并且在解析xml上具有更灵活的可配置性。
1 XmlBeanFactory的使用
典型构造方法:
public XmlBeanFactory(Resource resource, BeanFactory parentBeanFactory) throws BeansException { super(parentBeanFactory); this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(resource); }
其中,
reader是XmlBeanDefinitionReader的实例,XmlBeanDefinitionReader继承自AbstractBeanDefinitionReader(http://www.cnblogs.com/davidwang456/p/4190428.html 已经介绍过)。
Resource 接口封装了各种可能的资源类型,也就是对使用者来说屏蔽了文件类型的不同。这样所有的资源都被可以通过 InputStream 这个类来获取,所以也屏蔽了资源的提供者。另外还有一个问题就是加载资源的问题,也就是资源的加载者要统一,从上图中可以看出这个任务是由 ResourceLoader 接口完成,他屏蔽了所有的资源加载者的差异,只需要实现这个接口就可以加载所有的资源,他的默认实现是 DefaultResourceLoader。
1.1 Resource 接口继承了 InputStreamSource 接口,这个接口中有个 getInputStream 方法,返回的是 InputStream 类。
public interface InputStreamSource { InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException; }
getInputStream设计希望每次请求都返回一个新的流。这种要求在一个场合非常重要,例如javamail api,它在创建多个邮件附件时需要多次读取到流,在这中情况下,它就要求每个getInputStream请求能返回一个新的流。
1.2 抽象资源类AbstractResource继承自Source接口,实现了部分方法。
exists方法检查一个文件或者输入量是否可以打开;
isOpen 通常返回false;
getUrl和getFile 抛出异常;
toString返回描述信息。
另外有一个有用的方法:lastModified()返回文件的最后修改时间。调用了File.lastModified() 返回此抽象路径名表示的文件最后一次被修改的时间。
@Override public long lastModified() throws IOException { long lastModified = getFileForLastModifiedCheck().lastModified(); if (lastModified == 0L) { throw new FileNotFoundException(getDescription() + " cannot be resolved in the file system for resolving its last-modified timestamp"); } return lastModified; }
1.3 Resource的实现子类:
AbstractResource的直接子类有:AbstractFileResolvingResource, ByteArrayResource,BeanDefinitionResource, DescriptiveResource, FileSystemResource, InputStreamResource, PathResource, VfsResource。
其中,AbstractFileResolvingResource的直接子类有:ClassPathResource, PortletContextResource, ServletContextResource, UrlResource
比较重要的实现类为实现了ContextResource接口的资源类,ContextResource接口继承了Resource接口,通过从一个封装的context中加载资源来扩展Resource接口的功能。例如:可以从ServletContext,PortletContext,普通的classpth路径或者文件系统的相对路径(特别是没有指明前缀,因此适用于本地ResourceLoader的context),其子类实现有:PortletContextResource, ServletContextResource,ClassPathContextResource,ClassRelativeContextResource,FileSystemContextResource.
1.4 资源的加载ResourceLoader,ResourceLoader是一个加载资源的策略接口,可以从classpth或者文件系统中,ApplicationContext需要加载资源功能,使用了其扩展类ResourcePatternReolver。DefaultResourceLoader是该接口的标准实现,适用于一个ApplicationContext外部,可以用在ResourceEditor中。在application允许过程中,使用特定的context子原因加载策略,可以将type资源和资源组通过string的形式设置bean的属性。
(来源:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-spring-principle/)
2. Bean的解析与注册详细过程分析
(来源:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-spring-principle/)
首先, XmlBeanFactory构造函数this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
1. XmlBeanDefinitionReader加载bean定义:loadBeanDefinitions方法
2. XmlBeanDefinitionReader解析bean定义,并注册:doLoadBeanDefinitions方法
Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
3.1. 使用标准的JAXP配置的xml解析器从Resource中加载到Document。
/** * Load the {@link Document} at the supplied {@link InputSource} using the standard JAXP-configured * XML parser. */ @Override public Document loadDocument(InputSource inputSource, EntityResolver entityResolver, ErrorHandler errorHandler, int validationMode, boolean namespaceAware) throws Exception { DocumentBuilderFactory factory = createDocumentBuilderFactory(validationMode, namespaceAware); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Using JAXP provider [" + factory.getClass().getName() + "]"); } DocumentBuilder builder = createDocumentBuilder(factory, entityResolver, errorHandler); return builder.parse(inputSource); }
3.2.根据加载的Document 注册Bean definition。
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException { BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader(); documentReader.setEnvironment(getEnvironment()); int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount(); documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource)); return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore; }
3.2.1 创建BeanDefinitionDocument的解析器BeanUtils.instantiateClass(this.documentReaderClass)
3.2.2 BeanDefinitionDocument解析器注册bean definition,从根节点<beans>开始
/** * Register each bean definition within the given root {@code <beans/>} element. */ protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) { String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE); if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) { String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray( profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS); if (!getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) { return; } } // Any nested <beans> elements will cause recursion in this method. In // order to propagate and preserve <beans> default-* attributes correctly, // keep track of the current (parent) delegate, which may be null. Create // the new (child) delegate with a reference to the parent for fallback purposes, // then ultimately reset this.delegate back to its original (parent) reference. // this behavior emulates a stack of delegates without actually necessitating one. BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate; this.delegate = createDelegate(this.readerContext, root, parent); preProcessXml(root); parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate); postProcessXml(root); this.delegate = parent; }
/** * Parse the elements at the root level in the document: * "import", "alias", "bean". * @param root the DOM root element of the document */ protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) { NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes(); for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) { Node node = nl.item(i); if (node instanceof Element) { Element ele = (Element) node; if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) { parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate); } else { delegate.parseCustomElement(ele); } } } } else { delegate.parseCustomElement(root); } } private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) { importBeanDefinitionResource(ele); } else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) { processAliasRegistration(ele); } else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) { processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate); } else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) { // recurse doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele); } }
4. documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));--->
public XmlReaderContext createReaderContext(Resource resource) { return new XmlReaderContext(resource, this.problemReporter, this.eventListener, this.sourceExtractor, this, getNamespaceHandlerResolver()); }
5.调用:
protected NamespaceHandlerResolver createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver() { return new DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver(getResourceLoader().getClassLoader()); }
6.BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition
/** * Process the given bean element, parsing the bean definition * and registering it with the registry. */ protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele); if (bdHolder != null) { bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder); try { // Register the final decorated instance. BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry()); } catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) { getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" + bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex); } // Send registration event. getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder)); } }
7.处理给定的Bean元素,并解析到BeanDefinition。
/** * Process the given bean element, parsing the bean definition * and registering it with the registry. */ protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele); if (bdHolder != null) { bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder); try { // Register the final decorated instance. BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry()); } catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) { getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" + bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex); } // Send registration event. getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder)); } }
8.
public static void registerBeanDefinition( BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException { // Register bean definition under primary name. String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName(); registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition()); // Register aliases for bean name, if any. String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases(); if (aliases != null) { for (String aliase : aliases) { registry.registerAlias(beanName, aliase); } } }
9.将解析的Bean定义放入BeanDefinitionNames和BeanDefinitionMap保存已经aliasMap等
@Override public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException { Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty"); Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null"); if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) { try { ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate(); } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Validation of bean definition failed", ex); } } BeanDefinition oldBeanDefinition; synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) { oldBeanDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName); if (oldBeanDefinition != null) { if (!this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot register bean definition [" + beanDefinition + "] for bean '" + beanName + "': There is already [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] bound."); } else if (oldBeanDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) { // e.g. was ROLE_APPLICATION, now overriding with ROLE_SUPPORT or ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE if (this.logger.isWarnEnabled()) { this.logger.warn("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName + " with a framework-generated bean definition ': replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]"); } } else { if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) { this.logger.info("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName + "': replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]"); } } } else { this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName); this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null; } this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition); } if (oldBeanDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) { resetBeanDefinition(beanName); } }
3. 一个非常重要的部分就是建立 Bean 对象实例之间的关系,这也是 Spring 框架的核心竞争力,何时、如何建立他们之间的关系请看下面的时序图:
来源:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-spring-principle/
4. 小结:
从spring 3.1版本后,xmlBeanFactory被表明为Deprecated. 推荐使用DefaultListableBeanFactory和XmlBeanDefinitionReader替换。
本文从xmlBeanFactory扩展到XmlBeanDefinitionReader,再到Resource接口。
一些情节还没有理顺,显得有些杂乱,后续会修改(写的很累,休整一下)。写这篇博客的时候,这句话一直在我脑边回想:
"写书就像冒险。一开始它是玩具和娱乐。然后她成了你的情妇。然后是你的主人。然后变成一个暴君。最后你终于认命的时候,它死了,然后给拖到外面游街。" ----温斯顿.丘吉尔
参考文献:
1. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-spring-principle/