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  • Nginx 笔记与总结(3)配置虚拟主机

    Nginx 重启的另外一种方式,相当于 kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`:

     /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -s reload
    

    停止 Nginx 的另外一种方式:

     /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -s stop
    

    重读日志文件的另一种方式,相当于 kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`:

     /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -s reopen
    

    测试配置文件是否正确:

    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -t
    

    如果配置正确,则会提示 successful:

      

    虚拟主机的管理

    vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    全局区

    worker_processes  1 表示有 1 个工作的子进程,可以进行修改,但是过大没有意义,因为需要占用更多的 CPU 资源,一般设置为 CPU 数 * 核数

    events 区

    一般配置 Nginx 进程与连接的特性。worker_connections  1024 表示 1 个子进程(worker)最多允许 1024 个连接。

    http 段

      1 http {
      2     include       mime.types;
      3     default_type  application/octet-stream;
      4 
      5     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
      6     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
      7     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
      8 
      9     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
     10 
     11     sendfile        on;
     12     #tcp_nopush     on;
     13 
     14     #keepalive_timeout  0;
     15     keepalive_timeout  65;
     16 
     17     #gzip  on;
     18 
     19     server {
     20         listen       80;
     21         server_name  localhost;
     22 
     23         #charset koi8-r;
     24 
     25         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
     26 
     27         location / {
     28             root   html;
     29             index  index.html index.htm;
     30         }
     31 
     32         #error_page  404              /404.html;
     33 
     34         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
     35         #
     36         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
     37         location = /50x.html {
     38             root   html;
     39         }
     40 
     41         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
     42         #
     43         #location ~ .php$ {
     44         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
     45         #}
     46 
     47         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
     48         #
     49         #location ~ .php$ {
     50         #    root           html;
     51         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
     52         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
     53         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
     54         #    include        fastcgi_params;
     55         #}
     56 
     57         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
     58         # concurs with nginx's one
     59         #
     60         #location ~ /.ht {
     61         #    deny  all;
     62         #}
     63     }
     64 
     65 
     66     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
     67     #
     68     #server {
     69     #    listen       8000;
     70     #    listen       somename:8080;
     71     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
     72 
     73     #    location / {
     74     #        root   html;
     75     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     76     #    }
     77     #}
     78 
     79 
     80     # HTTPS server
     81     #
     82     #server {
     83     #    listen       443 ssl;
     84     #    server_name  localhost;
     85 
     86     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
     87     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
     88 
     89     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
     90     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
     91 
     92     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
     93     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
     94 
     95     #    location / {
     96     #        root   html;
     97     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     98     #    }
     99     #}
    100 
    101 }
    View Code

    配置 http 服务器的主要的段。

    http 段中的 server 段

        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
    
            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
            #
            #location ~ .php$ {
            #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
            #}
    
            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
            #
            #location ~ .php$ {
            #    root           html;
            #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            #    include        fastcgi_params;
            #}
    
            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
            # concurs with nginx's one
            #
            #location ~ /.ht {
            #    deny  all;
            #}
        }
    

    server 就是虚拟主机。

    【例1】基于域名的虚拟主机

    添加 server 段:

        server{
            listen 80;
            server_name dee.com;
            location /{
                    root dee.com;
                    index index.html;
            }
        }
    

    保存退出;

    location 可以使用绝对路径,也可以使用相对路径,相对路径是相对于 nginx 的根目录:/usr/local/nginx

    在 /usr/local/nginx 目录下创建目录 dee.com,在其下创建 index.html:

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
    [root@localhost nginx]# mkdir dee.com
    [root@localhost nginx]# vim dee.com/index.html

    index.html:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>dee.com</title>
    <body>
    Welcome to dee.com
    </body>
    </head>
    </html>
    

    重新读取配置文件:

    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -s reload

    配置 hosts:

    192.168.254.100  dee.com

    访问 dee.com:

    【例2】基于 ip 的虚拟主机

     编辑配置文件:

    vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    添加 server 段:

        server{
            listen 80;
            server_name 192.168.254.100;
            location /{
                    root ip;
                    index index.html;
            }
        }

    在 /usr/local/nginx 目录下新建 ip 目录:

    [root@localhost nginx]# mkdir ip
    [root@localhost nginx]# vim ip/index.html

     index.html:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>dee.com</title>
    <body>
    ip test
    </body>
    </head>
    </html>
    

    访问 http://192.168.254.100/

      

    【例3】基于端口的虚拟主机

     编辑配置文件(vim 查看行号 :set nu):

    vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    添加 server 段:

        server{
            listen 2022;
            server_name dee.com;
            location /{
                    root /var/www;
                    index index.html;
            }
        } 

    这时配置 location 使用绝对路径;  

    在 /var 下新建 www 目录,在其下新建 index.html 文件:

    [root@localhost nginx]# mkdir /var/www
    [root@localhost nginx]# vim /var/www/index.html
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>dee.com</title>
    <body>
    Welcome to dee.com's admin panel
    </body>
    </head>
    </html>

    重新读取配置文件:

    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -s reload

    访问 http://dee.com:2022/

     

    或者访问 http://192.168.254.100:2022/

      

    附:如果需要启用目录浏览,只需要在 Server 段中加入 autoindex on;

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/dee0912/p/4671764.html
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