本例效果图:
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/del/148408/o_88154.gif)
代码文件:
unit Unit1; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls; type TForm1 = class(TForm) Memo1: TMemo; Edit1: TEdit; Edit2: TEdit; Button1: TButton; Button2: TButton; Button3: TButton; Button4: TButton; procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject); procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject); procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject); procedure Button3Click(Sender: TObject); procedure Button4Click(Sender: TObject); end; var Form1: TForm1; implementation {$R *.dfm} uses Generics.Collections; {Delphi 2009 新增的泛型容器单元} var Dictionary: TDictionary<Cardinal,string>; {定义一个泛型 TDictionary 类, 指定有 Cardinal、string 构成} {建立} procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); begin Dictionary := TDictionary<Cardinal,string>.Create; Memo1.Clear; Button1.Caption := Button1.Caption + ' 添加'; Button2.Caption := Button2.Caption + ' 删除'; Button3.Caption := Button3.Caption + ' 尝试取值'; Button4.Caption := Button4.Caption + ' 清空'; Edit1.Clear; Edit2.Clear; Edit1.NumbersOnly := True; end; {释放} procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); begin Dictionary.Free; end; {添加} procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var key: Cardinal; value: string; str: string; k,v: Boolean; begin key := StrToIntDef(Edit1.Text, 0); value := Edit2.Text; if value = '' then value := 'Null'; k := Dictionary.ContainsKey(key); {Key 是否存在} v := Dictionary.ContainsValue(value); {Value 是否存在} if not k then begin Dictionary.Add(key, value); Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('%d=%s', [key, value])); {同步显示} end; if k and not v then begin str := Format('key 已存在: %d=%s; 是否修改其值?', [key, Dictionary[key]]); if MessageBox(0, PChar(str), '提示', MB_OKCANCEL or MB_ICONQUESTION) = mrOk then begin //Dictionary[key] := value; {Dictionary[key] = Dictionary.Item[key]} Dictionary.AddOrSetValue(key, value); {也可使用上一句} Memo1.Lines.Values[IntToStr(key)] := value; {同步显示} end; end; if k and v then begin str := Format('%d=%s 已存在, 不能重复添加', [key, value]); MessageBox(0, PChar(str), '错误', MB_OK + MB_ICONHAND); end; Text := IntToStr(Dictionary.Count); end; {删除: Remove} procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject); var key: Integer; i: Integer; begin key := StrToIntDef(Edit1.Text, 0); if not Dictionary.ContainsKey(key) then begin ShowMessageFmt('key: %d 不存在', [key]); Exit; end; Dictionary.Remove(key); Text := IntToStr(Dictionary.Count); {同步显示} i := Memo1.Lines.IndexOfName(IntToStr(key)); if i > -1 then Memo1.Lines.Delete(i); end; {尝试取值: TryGetValue} procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject); var key: Integer; value: string; begin key := StrToIntDef(Edit1.Text, 0); if Dictionary.TryGetValue(key, value) then ShowMessageFmt('key: %d 已存在, 其值是: %s', [key, value]) else ShowMessageFmt('key: %d 不存在', [key]) end; {清空: Clear} procedure TForm1.Button4Click(Sender: TObject); begin Dictionary.Clear; Text := IntToStr(Dictionary.Count); Memo1.Clear; {同步显示} end; end.窗体文件:
object Form1: TForm1 Left = 0 Top = 0 Caption = 'Form1' ClientHeight = 165 ClientWidth = 275 Color = clBtnFace Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET Font.Color = clWindowText Font.Height = -11 Font.Name = 'Tahoma' Font.Style = [] OldCreateOrder = False Position = poDesktopCenter OnCreate = FormCreate OnDestroy = FormDestroy PixelsPerInch = 96 TextHeight = 13 object Memo1: TMemo Left = 0 Top = 0 Width = 133 Height = 165 Align = alLeft Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET Font.Color = clWindowText Font.Height = -13 Font.Name = 'Courier New' Font.Style = [] Lines.Strings = ( 'Memo1') ParentFont = False ScrollBars = ssBoth TabOrder = 0 ExplicitHeight = 176 end object Button1: TButton Left = 139 Top = 40 Width = 128 Height = 25 Caption = 'Button1' TabOrder = 1 OnClick = Button1Click end object Button2: TButton Left = 139 Top = 71 Width = 128 Height = 25 Caption = 'Button2' TabOrder = 2 OnClick = Button2Click end object Button3: TButton Left = 139 Top = 102 Width = 128 Height = 25 Caption = 'Button3' TabOrder = 3 OnClick = Button3Click end object Edit1: TEdit Left = 139 Top = 8 Width = 40 Height = 21 TabOrder = 4 Text = 'Edit1' end object Edit2: TEdit Left = 185 Top = 8 Width = 81 Height = 21 TabOrder = 5 Text = 'Edit2' end object Button4: TButton Left = 139 Top = 133 Width = 128 Height = 25 Caption = 'Button4' TabOrder = 6 OnClick = Button4Click end end