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  • SQLite3-各个函数

    首先,添加framework:libsqlite3.0.dylib
    
    需要在对应文件的头文件中加入:
    
      #import "/usr/include/sqlite3.h"
    并在Frameworks中加入所需的库,否则会报错:
    
      Undefined symbols: 
      "_sqlite3_open", referenced from:
    加入库的方法是:
    
    image
    选择sqlite库:
    
    image
    选择完的效果:
    
    image
    下面是代码:
    
    //sqlite    
        [self openDataBase];   
        //[self createTable];   
        //[self insertTable];   
        [self queryTable];   
           
           
        [self deleteTable];   
        [self queryTable];   
    实现:
    
    //open database   
    - (void)openDataBase   
    {   
        NSArray *documentsPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory   
                                                                    , NSUserDomainMask    
                                                                    , YES);    
        NSString *databaseFilePath=[[documentsPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"db.sql"];   
           
        if (sqlite3_open([databaseFilePath UTF8String], &database)==SQLITE_OK)    
        {    
            NSLog(@"open sqlite db ok.");    
        }   
        else    
        {   
            NSLog( @"can not open sqlite db " );   
       
            //close database   
            sqlite3_close(database);    
        }   
    }   
       
    //create table   
    - (void)createTable   
    {   
        char *errorMsg;   
        const char *createSql="create table if not exists persons (id integer primary key autoincrement,name text)";   
           
        if (sqlite3_exec(database, createSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK)    
        {    
            NSLog(@"create ok.");    
        }   
        else    
        {   
            NSLog( @"can not create table" );   
            [self ErrorReport:(NSString *)createSql];   
        }   
    }   
       
       
    //insert table   
    - (void)insertTable   
    {   
        char *errorMsg;   
       
        const char *insertSql="insert into persons (name) values ('田周辉')";    
        if (sqlite3_exec(database, insertSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK)    
        {    
            NSLog(@"insert ok.");    
        }   
        else    
        {   
            NSLog( @"can not insert it to table" );   
            [self ErrorReport: (NSString *)insertSql];   
        }   
    }   
       
       
    //error    
    - (void)ErrorReport: (NSString *)item   
    {   
        char *errorMsg;   
           
        if (sqlite3_exec(database, (const char *)item, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK)   
        {    
            NSLog(@"%@ ok.",item);    
        }   
        else    
        {    
            NSLog(@"error: %s",errorMsg);    
            sqlite3_free(errorMsg);    
        }   
    }   
       
       
    //query table   
    - (void)queryTable   
    {   
        const char *selectSql="select id,name from persons";    
        sqlite3_stmt *statement;    
        if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, selectSql, -1, &statement, nil)==SQLITE_OK)   
        {    
            NSLog(@"select ok.");    
            while (sqlite3_step(statement)==SQLITE_ROW)//SQLITE_OK SQLITE_ROW   
            {    
                int _id=sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0);    
                NSString *name=[[NSString alloc] initWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    
                NSLog(@"row>>id %i, name>> %@",_id,name);    
            }   
               
        }   
        else    
        {   
            //error   
            [self ErrorReport: (NSString *)selectSql];   
        }   
           
        sqlite3_finalize(statement);   
    }   
       
    //delete table   
    - (void)deleteTable   
    {      
        char *errorMsg;   
        [self openDataBase];   
           
        const char *sql = "DELETE FROM persons where id=24";   
        if (sqlite3_exec(database, sql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK)    
        {    
            NSLog(@"delete ok.");    
        }   
        else    
        {   
            NSLog( @"can not delete it" );   
            [self ErrorReport: (NSString *)sql];   
        }   
           
    }   
    命令行:
    
    sqlite3 database  //创建数据库 
                  crate table tableFile(id smallint, file_name varchar(256), up_state smallint, file_size smallint); //创建一个表格 
            insert into tableFile values(1, "200110101.rcu", 100, 4500);   //插入数据 
    5 如何访问SQLite3数据库 
    sqlite3_open //打开数据库 
    sqlite3_prepare //将UTF-8格式的SQL语句转换为指向已备语句的指针 
    sqlite3_column_string //返回某一行的字符串 
    sqlite3_finalize //删除一条已备语句 
    sqlite3_close //关闭数据库 
     
    6 source code 
     
    - (id)lookupSingularSQL:(NSString *)sql forType:(NSString *)rettype { 
     
    sqlite3_stmt *statement; 
     
    id result; 
     
    if (statement = [self prepare:sql]) { 
     
    if (sqlite3_step(statement) == SQLITE_ROW) { 
     
    if ([rettype compare:@"text"] == NSOrderedSame) { 
     
    char temp_buf[256]; 
     
    memset(temp_buf, 0, 256); 
     
    sprintf(temp_buf, "%s %s %s %s",  
     
    (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,0), 
     
    (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,1), 
     
    (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,2), 
     
    (char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,3) 
     
    ); 
     
    result = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_buf]; 
     
    //result = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement,0)]; 
     
    } else if ([rettype compare:@"integer"] == NSOrderedSame) { 
     
    result = (id)sqlite3_column_int(statement,0); 
     
                } 
     
    } 
     
    } 
     
    sqlite3_finalize(statement); 
     
    return result; 
     
    } 
    应该有个成员变量,比如我的代码:
    
    @interface DetailViewController : UIViewController { 
    UIPopoverController *popoverController; 
    UIToolbar *toolbar; 
    id detailItem; 
    UILabel *detailDescriptionLabel; 
    sqlite3 *database; 
    打开数据库
    
    SQLite数据库是文件数据库,是保存在文件系统中的。因此需要知道文件保存到哪里,可参见iOS中对文件的操作。比如本文保存到Documents目录下。代码:
    
    NSArray *documentsPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory 
    , NSUserDomainMask 
    , YES); 
    NSString *databaseFilePath=[[documentsPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"mydb"]; 
    if (sqlite3_open([databaseFilePath UTF8String], &database)==SQLITE_OK) { 
    NSLog(@"open sqlite db ok."); 
    } 
    通过ssh查看Documents目录,发现mydb文件已经创建。sqlite的策略是如果有该文件就打开,如果没有就创建文件,也就是创建数据库。
    
    这里要注意,使用的是C语法,sqlite3_open传入的是database的地址。
    
    关闭数据库
    
    数据库使用完毕后,要关闭,比如退出应用的时候:
    
    - (void)viewDidUnload { 
    // Release any retained subviews of the main view. 
    // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil; 
    sqlite3_close(database); 
    self.popoverController = nil; 
    } 
    建表语句
    
    数据库打开以后,如果没有表,建表:
    
    char *errorMsg; 
    const char *createSql="create table if not exists persons (id integer primary key autoincrement,name text)"; 
    if (sqlite3_exec(database, createSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { 
    NSLog(@"create ok."); 
    } 
    这里要特别注意errorMsg传的是地址,因为该函数要通过地址引用来写报错字符信息。
    
    向表中插入记录
    
    和建表语句类似:
    
    const char *insertSql="insert into persons (name) values(‘张三’)"; 
    if (sqlite3_exec(database, insertSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { 
    NSLog(@"insert ok."); 
    } 
    错误信息的处理
    
    如果在多个地方使用errorMsg,那么每次使用完毕要清空一下字串,比如这样:
    
    if (sqlite3_exec(database, createSql, NULL, NULL, &errorMsg)==SQLITE_OK) { 
    NSLog(@"create ok."); 
    }else { 
    NSLog(@"error: %s",errorMsg); 
    sqlite3_free(errorMsg); 
    } 
    查询结果集
    
    结果集的查询,需要用到statement:
    
    const char *selectSql="select id,name from persons"; 
    sqlite3_stmt *statement; 
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, selectSql, -1, &statement, nil)==SQLITE_OK) { 
    NSLog(@"select ok."); 
    } 
    while (sqlite3_step(statement)==SQLITE_ROW) { 
    int _id=sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0); 
    char *name=(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1); 
    NSLog(@"row>>id %i, name %s",_id,name); 
    } 
    sqlite3_finalize(statement); 
    不过这里有个问题,看看打印的日志:
    
    image
    乱码。因为直接用的char类型来做的。
    
    解决办法是,用nsstring替代char:
    
    while (sqlite3_step(statement)==SQLITE_ROW) { 
    int _id=sqlite3_column_int(statement, 0); 
    NSString *name=[[NSString alloc] initWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(statement, 1) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; 
    NSLog(@"row>>id %i, name %@",_id,name); 
    } 
    char生成nsstring的时候做一次显式的编码。问题解决:
    
    image
    这说明:
    
    写入数据库,用char的方式没有问题,写入数据库的编码是对的;
    
    从库中取出,可能默认使用ascii解码,造成显示乱码。
    
    使用sqlite c api,要经常参考官方函数文档:http://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.html
    

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/deng37s/p/4599922.html
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